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Scientific Challenges To Common Sense Philosophy
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Book Synopsis Scientific Challenges to Common Sense Philosophy by : Rik Peels
Download or read book Scientific Challenges to Common Sense Philosophy written by Rik Peels and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common sense philosophy holds that widely and deeply held beliefs are justified in the absence of defeaters. While this tradition has always had its philosophical detractors who have defended various forms of skepticism or have sought to develop rival epistemological views, recent advances in several scientific disciplines claim to have debunked the reliability of the faculties that produce our common sense beliefs. At the same time, however, it seems reasonable that we cannot do without common sense beliefs entirely. Arguably, science and the scientific method are built on, and continue to depend on, common sense. This collection of essays debates the tenability of common sense in the face of recent challenges from the empirical sciences. It explores to what extent scientific considerations—rather than philosophical considerations—put pressure on common sense philosophy. The book is structured in a way that promotes dialogue between philosophers and scientists. Noah Lemos, one of the most influential contemporary advocates of the common sense tradition, begins with an overview of the nature and scope of common sense beliefs, and examines philosophical objections to common sense and its relationship to scientific beliefs. Then, the volume features essays by scientists and philosophers of science who discuss various proposed conflicts between commonsensical and scientific beliefs: the reality of space and time, about the nature of human beings, about free will and identity, about rationality, about morality, and about religious belief. Notable philosophers who embrace the common sense tradition respond to these essays to explore the connection between common sense philosophy and contemporary debates in evolutionary biology, neuroscience, physics, and psychology.
Book Synopsis Philosophy, Science, and Sense Perception by : Maurice Mandelbaum
Download or read book Philosophy, Science, and Sense Perception written by Maurice Mandelbaum and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2019-12-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1964. In four essays, Professor Mandelbaum challenges some of the most common assumptions of contemporary epistemology. Through historical analyses and critical argument, he attempts to show that one cannot successfully sever the connections between philosophic and scientific accounts of sense perception. While each essay is independent of the others, and the argument of each must therefore be judged on its own merits, one theme is common to all: that critical realism, as Mandelbaum calls it, is a viable epistemological position, even though some schools of thought hold it in low esteem.
Book Synopsis A Philosophy of Common Sense by : Antonio Livi
Download or read book A Philosophy of Common Sense written by Antonio Livi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Common Sense and Science from Aristotle to Reid by : Benjamin W. Redekop
Download or read book Common Sense and Science from Aristotle to Reid written by Benjamin W. Redekop and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common Sense and Science from Aristotle to Reid reveals that thinkers have pondered the nature of common sense and its relationship to science and scientific thinking for a very long time. It demonstrates how a diverse array of neglected early modern thinkers turn out to have been on the right track for understanding how the mind makes sense of the world and how basic features of the human mind and cognition are related to scientific theory and practice. Drawing on a wealth of primary sources and scholarship from the history of ideas, cognitive science, and the history and philosophy of science, this book helps readers understand the fundamental historical and philosophical relationship between common sense and science.
Book Synopsis Mind and Common Sense by : Radu J. Bogdan
Download or read book Mind and Common Sense written by Radu J. Bogdan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-07-26 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume a variety of positions on common sense psychology from critical to supportive, from exegetical to speculative, are represented.
Book Synopsis God in the Age of Science? by : Herman Philipse
Download or read book God in the Age of Science? written by Herman Philipse and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Herman Philipse puts forward a powerful new critique of belief in God. He examines the strategies that have been used for the philosophical defence of religious belief, and by careful reasoning casts doubt on the legitimacy of relying on faith instead of evidence, and on probabilistic arguments for the existence of God.
Book Synopsis An Inquiry into the Human Mind: On the Principles of Common Sense by : Thomas Reid
Download or read book An Inquiry into the Human Mind: On the Principles of Common Sense written by Thomas Reid and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2022-05-29 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas Reid's Inquiry is one of the classic philosophical texts. Since its first publication in 1764, there have followed no less than forty editions. Yet, not all the writings of Thomas Reid were included in the edition. Reid is known to oppose the views of Descartes, Locke, and Hume. Reid's epistemology is based on human perception. When you see a tree, you don't find reasoning to believe that it is thereby means of rational arguments (Descartes). You don't need to compare your belief that the tree is there with other beliefs derived from experience (Locke). You simply believe it exists because you see it in front of you. The philosopher points out that a skeptic who doubts that the tree is there is being dishonest.
Book Synopsis Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems by : Jerome R. Ravetz
Download or read book Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems written by Jerome R. Ravetz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science is continually confronted by new and difficult social and ethical problems. Some of these problems have arisen from the transformation of the academic science of the prewar period into the industrialized science of the present. Traditional theories of science are now widely recognized as obsolete. In Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems (originally published in 1971), Jerome R. Ravetz analyzes the work of science as the creation and investigation of problems. He demonstrates the role of choice and value judgment, and the inevitability of error, in scientific research. Ravetz's new introductory essay is a masterful statement of how our understanding of science has evolved over the last two decades.
Book Synopsis The Rediscovery of Common Sense Philosophy by : S. Boulter
Download or read book The Rediscovery of Common Sense Philosophy written by S. Boulter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-06-27 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a defence of the philosophy of common sense in the spirit of Thomas Reid and G.E. Moore, drawing on the work of Aristotle, evolutionary biology and psychology, and historical studies on the origins of early modern philosophy. It defines and explores common sense beliefs, and defends them from challenges from prominent philosophers.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to Common-Sense Philosophy by : Rik Peels
Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to Common-Sense Philosophy written by Rik Peels and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive exploration of the historical development and philosophical importance of common-sense philosophy.
Book Synopsis Theory and Reality by : Peter Godfrey-Smith
Download or read book Theory and Reality written by Peter Godfrey-Smith and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does science work? Does it tell us what the world is “really” like? What makes it different from other ways of understanding the universe? In Theory and Reality, Peter Godfrey-Smith addresses these questions by taking the reader on a grand tour of more than a hundred years of debate about science. The result is a completely accessible introduction to the main themes of the philosophy of science. Examples and asides engage the beginning student, a glossary of terms explains key concepts, and suggestions for further reading are included at the end of each chapter. Like no other text in this field, Theory and Reality combines a survey of recent history of the philosophy of science with current key debates that any beginning scholar or critical reader can follow. The second edition is thoroughly updated and expanded by the author with a new chapter on truth, simplicity, and models in science.
Book Synopsis Philosophy of Language and the Challenge to Scientific Realism by : Christopher Norris
Download or read book Philosophy of Language and the Challenge to Scientific Realism written by Christopher Norris and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book Christopher Norris develops the case for scientific realism by tackling various adversary arguments from a range of anti-realist positions. Through a close critical reading he shows how they fail to make adequate sense on any rational, consistent, and scientifically-informed survey of the evidence. Along the way he incorporates a number of detailed case-studies from the history and philosophy of science. Norris devotes much of his discussion to some of the most prominent and widely influential source-texts of anti-realism. Also included are the sophisticated versions of verificationism developed - albeit in very different ways - by thinkers such as Michael Dummett and Bas van Fraassen. Central to Norris's argument is a prolonged engagement with the once highly influential but nowadays neglected work of Norwood Russell Hanson. This book will be welcomed especially by readers who possess some knowledge of the background debate and who wish to deepen and extend their understanding of these issues beyond an introductory level.
Book Synopsis Understanding Philosophy of Science by : James Ladyman
Download or read book Understanding Philosophy of Science written by James Ladyman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few can imagine a world without telephones or televisions; many depend on computers and the Internet as part of daily life. Without scientific theory, these developments would not have been possible. In this exceptionally clear and engaging introduction to philosophy of science, James Ladyman explores the philosophical questions that arise when we reflect on the nature of the scientific method and the knowledge it produces. He discusses whether fundamental philosophical questions about knowledge and reality might be answered by science, and considers in detail the debate between realists and antirealists about the extent of scientific knowledge. Along the way, central topics in philosophy of science, such as the demarcation of science from non-science, induction, confirmation and falsification, the relationship between theory and observation and relativism are all addressed. Important and complex current debates over underdetermination, inference to the best explaination and the implications of radical theory change are clarified and clearly explained for those new to the subject.
Book Synopsis Resisting Scientific Realism by : K. Brad Wray
Download or read book Resisting Scientific Realism written by K. Brad Wray and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-11 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a spirited defence of anti-realism in philosophy of science. Shows the historical evidence and logical challenges facing scientific realism.
Book Synopsis The Nature of Philosophical Problems by : John Kekes
Download or read book The Nature of Philosophical Problems written by John Kekes and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-05-08 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We must all make choices about how we want to live. We evaluate our possibilities by relying on historical, moral, personal, political, religious, and scientific modes of evaluations, but the values and reasons that follow from them conflict. Philosophical problems are forced on us when we try to cope with such conflicts. There are reasons for and against all proposed ways of coping with the conflicts, but none of them has been generally accepted by reasonable thinkers. The constructive aim of The Nature of Philosophical Problems is to propose a way of understanding the nature of such philosophical problems, explain why they occur, why they are perennial, and propose a pluralist approach as the most reasonable way of coping with them. This approach is practical, context-dependent, and particular. It follows from it that the recurrence of philosophical problems is not a defect, but a welcome consequence of the richness of our modes of understanding that enlarges the range of possibilities by which we might choose to live. The critical aim of the book is to give reasons against both the absolutist attempt to find an overriding value or principle for resolving philosophical problems and of the relativist claim that reasons unavoidably come to an end and how we want to live is ultimately a matter of personal preference, not of reasons.
Book Synopsis Working from Within by : Sander Verhaegh
Download or read book Working from Within written by Sander Verhaegh and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2018-12-05 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past few decades, a radical shift has occurred in how philosophers conceive of the relation between science and philosophy. A great number of analytic philosophers have adopted what is commonly called a "naturalistic" approach, arguing that their inquiries ought to be in some sense continuous with science. Where early analytic philosophers often relied on a sharp distinction between science and philosophy--the former an empirical discipline concerned with fact, the latter an a priori discipline concerned with meaning--philosophers today largely follow Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) in his seminal rejection of this distinction. Sander Verhaegh here offers a comprehensive study of Quine's groundbreaking naturalism. Building on Quine's published corpus as well as a wealth of unpublished letters, notes, lectures, papers, proposals, and annotations from the Quine archives, Verhaegh aims to reconstruct both the nature and the development of his naturalism. As such, Working from Within aims to contribute to the rapidly developing historiography of analytic philosophy, and to provide a better, historically informed, understanding of what is philosophically at stake in the contemporary naturalistic turn. Transcriptions of five unpublished papers, letters, and notes are included in the appendix.
Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Common Sense by : Frederic Harrison
Download or read book The Philosophy of Common Sense written by Frederic Harrison and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
