Knowledge

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019966126X
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge by : Jennifer Nagel

Download or read book Knowledge written by Jennifer Nagel and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is knowledge? Is it the same as opinion or truth? Do you need to be able to justify a claim in order to count as knowing it? How can we know that the outer world is real and not a dream? Questions like these have existed since ancient times, and the branch of philosophy dedicated to answering them - epistemology - has been active for thousands of years. In this thought-provoking Very Short Introduction, Jennifer Nagel considers the central problems and paradoxes in the theory of knowledge and draws attention to the ways in which philosophers and theorists have responded to them. By exploring the relationship between knowledge and truth, and considering the problem of scepticism, Nagel introduces a series of influential historical and contemporary theories of knowledge, incorporating methods from logic, linguistics, and psychology, using a number of everyday examples to demonstrate the key issues and debates. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Scepticism and the Possibility of Knowledge

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Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1441100229
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Scepticism and the Possibility of Knowledge by : A. C. Grayling

Download or read book Scepticism and the Possibility of Knowledge written by A. C. Grayling and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2010-01-06 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scepticism as a philosophical term is as old as the Greeks but has more recently been advanced by Montaigne, Descartes and Hume. To these, what little we know that seems certain is based on observation and habit as opposed to any logical or scientific necessity. Thus, sceptical views relate directly to epistemology-the theory of knowledge and what we can know-and, in the modern turbulent world, it is grayling's contention that these are issues that all contemporary people need to focus on. In seeking understanding of the human condition we need more than just a set of beliefs about it: all belief is irrational. We want to know or garner some kind of proof about the fundamental truths of human existence. This is the crux of the dilemma facing intelligent people today and is illuminated by this book.

Skepticism and the Definition of Knowledge

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317436903
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Skepticism and the Definition of Knowledge by : Gilbert Harman

Download or read book Skepticism and the Definition of Knowledge written by Gilbert Harman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1990. This study argues that scepticism is an intelligible view and that the issue scepticism raises is whether or not certain sceptical hypotheses are as plausible as the ordinary views we accept. It discusses psychological concepts, definitions of knowledge, belief and hypothetic inference (inference to the best explanation). Starting from ‘Is skepticism a problem for epistemology’, the book takes us through the argument for the possibility of scepticism, including looking at sense data and considering memory and perception.

Philosophical Knowledge

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Publisher : Rodopi
ISBN 13 : 9042022345
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Knowledge by : Christian Beyer

Download or read book Philosophical Knowledge written by Christian Beyer and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2007 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical Intuitions: Their Target, Their Source, and Their Epistemic Status; Naturalism and Intuitions; Intuitions: Their Nature and Epistemic Efficacy; The Nature of Rational Intuitions and a Fresh Look at the Explanationist Objection; Philosophical Knowledge and Knowledge of Counterfactuals; The Possibility of Knowledge; Transcendental Arguments: a Plea for Modesty; A Priori Existence.

Knowledge and Skepticism

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262014084
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge and Skepticism by : Joseph Keim Campbell

Download or read book Knowledge and Skepticism written by Joseph Keim Campbell and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-05-21 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New essays by leading philosophers explore topics in epistemology, offering both contemporary philosophical analysis and historical perspectives. There are two main questions in epistemology: What is knowledge? And: Do we have any of it? The first question asks after the nature of a concept; the second involves grappling with the skeptic, who believes that no one knows anything. This collection of original essays addresses the themes of knowledge and skepticism, offering both contemporary epistemological analysis and historical perspectives from leading philosophers and rising scholars. Contributors first consider knowledge: the intrinsic nature of knowledge—in particular, aspects of what distinguishes knowledge from true belief; the extrinsic examination of knowledge, focusing on contextualist accounts; and types of knowledge, specifically perceptual, introspective, and rational knowledge. The final chapters offer various perspectives on skepticism. Knowledge and Skepticism provides an eclectic yet coherent set of essays by distinguished scholars and important new voices. The cutting-edge nature of its contributions and its interdisciplinary character make it a valuable resource for a wide audience—for philosophers of language as well as for epistemologists, and for psychologists, decision theorists, historians, and students at both the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels. Contributors Kent Bach, Joseph Keim Campbell, Joseph Cruz, Fred Dretske, Catherine Z. Elgin, Peter S. Fosl, Peter J. Graham, David Hemp, Michael O'Rourke, George Pappas, John L. Pollock, Duncan Pritchard, Joseph Salerno, Robert J. Stainton, Harry S. Silverstein, Joseph Thomas Tolliver, Leora Weitzman

The Significance of Philosophical Scepticism

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198247613
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (982 download)

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Book Synopsis The Significance of Philosophical Scepticism by : Barry Stroud

Download or read book The Significance of Philosophical Scepticism written by Barry Stroud and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1984-07-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He author argues that the sceptical thesis is motivated by a persistent philosophical problem that calls the very possibility of knowledge about the external world into question, and that the sceptical thesis is the only acceptable answer to this problem as traditionally posed.

Themes from Klein

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030045226
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Themes from Klein by : Branden Fitelson

Download or read book Themes from Klein written by Branden Fitelson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-22 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume features more than fifteen essays written in honor of Peter D. Klein. It explores the work and legacy of this prominent philosopher, who has had and continues to have a tremendous influence in the development of epistemology. The essays reflect the breadth and depth of Klein's work. They engage directly with his views and with the views of his interlocutors. In addition, a comprehensive introduction discusses the overall impact of Klein's philosophical work. It also explains how each of the essays in the book fits within that legacy. Coverage includes such topics as a knowledge-first account of defeasible reasoning, felicitous falsehoods, the possibility of foundationalist justification, the many formal faces of defeat, radical scepticism, and more. Overall, the book provides readers with an overview of Klein’s contributions to epistemology, his importance to twentieth and twenty-first-century philosophy, and a survey of his philosophical ideas and accomplishments. It's not only a celebration of the work of an important philosopher. It also offers readers an insightful journey into the nature of knowledge, scepticism, and justification.

Scepticism

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198829167
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Scepticism by : Duncan Pritchard

Download or read book Scepticism written by Duncan Pritchard and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout history scepticism and the urge to question accepted truths has been a powerful force for change and growth. Today, as we are bombarded by adverts, scientific studies praising the latest superfoods, and political rhetoric, a healthy amount of scepticism is widely encouraged. But when is such scepticism legitimate - for example, as a driver of new ideas - and when is it problematic? And what role might adopting a sceptical outlook play in leading an intellectually virtuous life? In this Very Short Introduction Duncan Pritchard explores both the advantages of scepticism, in challenging outdated notions, and also how it can have unhelpful social consequences, in generating distrust. He considers the role of scepticism at the source of contemporary social and political movements such as climate change denial, post-truth politics, and fake news. Pritchard also examines the philosophical arguments for a radical form of scepticism which maintains that knowledge is impossible, and explores some of the main responses to these arguments. Finally, he considers the part scepticism might play in applying better thinking and learning to achieve a more meaningful life. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

The Significance of Philosophical Scepticism

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198247616
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (476 download)

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Book Synopsis The Significance of Philosophical Scepticism by : Barry Stroud

Download or read book The Significance of Philosophical Scepticism written by Barry Stroud and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1984-07-05 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He author argues that the sceptical thesis is motivated by a persistent philosophical problem that calls the very possibility of knowledge about the external world into question, and that the sceptical thesis is the only acceptable answer to this problem as traditionally posed.

The Appearance of Ignorance

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192535919
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis The Appearance of Ignorance by : Keith DeRose

Download or read book The Appearance of Ignorance written by Keith DeRose and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contextualism, the view that the epistemic standards a subject must meet in order for a claim attributing "knowledge" to her to be true do vary with context, has been hotly debated in epistemology and philosophy of language during the last few decades. This volume presents, develops, and defends contextualist solutions to two of the stickiest problems in epistemology: the puzzles of skeptical hypotheses and of lotteries. It is argued that, at least by ordinary standards for knowledge, we do know that skeptical hypotheses are false, and that we've lost the lottery. Why it seems that we don't know that they're false tells us a lot, both about what knowledge is and how knowledge attributions work. The Appearance of Ignorance is the companion volume to Keith DeRose's 2009 title The Case for Contextualism: Knowledge, Skepticism, and Context, Volume 1.

Common Sense, Science and Scepticism

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521436250
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis Common Sense, Science and Scepticism by : Alan Musgrave

Download or read book Common Sense, Science and Scepticism written by Alan Musgrave and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-02-11 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can we know anything for certain? Dogmatists think we can, sceptics think we cannot, and epistemology is the great debate between them. Some dogmatists seek certainty in the deliverances of the senses. Sceptics object that the senses are not an adequate basis for certain knowledge. Other dogmatists seek certainty in the deliverances of pure reason. Sceptics object that rational self-evidence is no guarantee of truth. This book is an introductory and historically-based survey of the debate, siding for the most part with scepticism to show that the desire to vanquish it has often led to doctrines of idealism or anti-realism. Scepticism, science and common sense produce another view, fallibilism or critical rationalism: although we can have little or no certain knowledge, as the sceptics maintain, we can and do have plenty of conjectural knowledge. Fallibilism incorporates an uncompromising realism about perception, science, and the nature of truth.

Introduction to Philosophy

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781989014264
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Philosophy by : Guy Axtell

Download or read book Introduction to Philosophy written by Guy Axtell and published by . This book was released on 2022-01-26 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Philosophy: Epistemology engages first-time philosophy readers on a guided tour through the core concepts, questions, methods, arguments, and theories of epistemology-the branch of philosophy devoted to the study of knowledge. After a brief overview of the field, the book progresses systematically while placing central ideas and thinkers in historical and contemporary context. The chapters cover the analysis of knowledge, the nature of epistemic justification, rationalism vs. empiricism, skepticism, the value of knowledge, the ethics of belief, Bayesian epistemology, social epistemology, and feminist epistemologies. Along the way, instructors and students will encounter a wealth of additional resources and tools: Chapter learning outcomes Key terms Images of philosophers and related art Useful diagrams and tables Boxes containing excerpts and other supplementary material Questions for reflection Suggestions for further reading A glossary For an undergraduate survey epistemology course, Introduction to Philosophy: Epistemology is ideal when used as a main text paired with primary sources and scholarly articles. For an introductory philosophy course, select book chapters are best used in combination with chapters from other books in the Introduction to Philosophy series: https: //www1.rebus.community/#/project/4ec7ecce-d2b3-4f20-973c-6b6502e7cbb2.

Unnatural Doubts

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691011158
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Unnatural Doubts by : Michael Williams

Download or read book Unnatural Doubts written by Michael Williams and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1996-01-11 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Unnatural Doubts, Michael Williams constructs a masterly polemic against the very idea of epistemology, as traditionally conceived. Although philosophers have often found problems in efforts to study the nature and limits of human knowledge, Williams provides the first book that systematically argues against there being such a thing as knowledge of the external world. He maintains that knowledge of the world consitutes a theoretically coherent kind of knowledge, whose possibility needs to be defended, only given a deeply problematic doctrine he calls "epistemological realism." The only alternative to epistemological realism is a thoroughgoing contextualism.

Scepticism and the Possibility of Knowledge

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 716 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Scepticism and the Possibility of Knowledge by : Eric Paul Millstone

Download or read book Scepticism and the Possibility of Knowledge written by Eric Paul Millstone and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hume's True Scepticism

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199593868
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Hume's True Scepticism by : Donald C. Ainslie

Download or read book Hume's True Scepticism written by Donald C. Ainslie and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a sustained interpretation of Part 4 of Book 1 of Hume's Treatise, arguing that Hume uses our reactions to the sceptical arguments as evidence in favor of his model of the mind.

Postmodern Theory and Progressive Politics

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319906895
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Postmodern Theory and Progressive Politics by : Thomas de Zengotita

Download or read book Postmodern Theory and Progressive Politics written by Thomas de Zengotita and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the origins of the academic culture wars of the late 20th century and examines their lasting influence on the humanities and progressive politics. It puts us in a position to ask this question: what to make now of those furious debates over postmodernism, multiculturalism, relativism, critical theory, deconstruction, post-structuralism, and all the rest? In an effort to arrive at a fair judgment on that question, the book reaches for an understanding of postmodern theorists by way of two genres they despised and hopes, for that very reason, to do them justice. It tells a story, and in the telling, advances two basic claims: first, that the phenomenological/hermeneutical tradition is the most suitable source of theory for a humanism that aspires to be universal; and, second, that the ethical and political aspect of the human condition is authentically accessible only through narrative. In conclusion, it argues that the postmodern moment was a necessary one, or will have been if we rise to the occasion and seize the opportunity it offers: a truly universal humanism might yet be realized even in—or perhaps especially in—this atavistic hour of parochial populism.

Scepticism, Knowledge, and Forms of Reasoning

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501731734
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Scepticism, Knowledge, and Forms of Reasoning by : John Koethe

Download or read book Scepticism, Knowledge, and Forms of Reasoning written by John Koethe and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The problem of philosophical scepticism is not so much what to say about the view itself (there being a consensus that it should be rejected), but rather what to say about the arguments that purport to yield it. And since these arguments involve claims and principles concerning notions like knowledge and possibility, it is difficult to see how to explore the arguments without exploring these notions too."—from the Introduction How do we address philosophical arguments whose conclusions contradict our commonsense knowledge? For example: a logically impeccable argument that concludes that you cannot know that you are at this very moment reading a description of a book of philosophy. That is the problem of philosophical scepticism. Scepticism, Knowledge, and Forms of Reasoning is an attempt to resolve how best to respond to such vexing arguments, a matter on which there is no consensus among contemporary philosophers. Rather than denying the premises of such arguments or simply declaring them invalid, John Koethe delves into what such arguments reveal about the nature of reasoning itself. He suggests that there is nothing straightforwardly wrong with sceptical arguments, and that in recognizing this while at the same time honoring our commonsense convictions about knowledge, we confront profound questions about the very nature of reasoning.