Scalable Bayesian spatial analysis with Gaussian Markov random fields

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179298184
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Scalable Bayesian spatial analysis with Gaussian Markov random fields by : Per Sidén

Download or read book Scalable Bayesian spatial analysis with Gaussian Markov random fields written by Per Sidén and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-08-17 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurate statistical analysis of spatial data is important in many applications. Failing to properly account for spatial autocorrelation may often lead to false conclusions. At the same time, the ever-increasing sizes of spatial datasets pose a great computational challenge, as many standard methods for spatial analysis are limited to a few thousand data points. In this thesis, we explore how Gaussian Markov random fields (GMRFs) can be used for scalable analysis of spatial data. GMRFs are closely connected to the commonly used Gaussian processes, but have sparsity properties that make them computationally cheap both in time and memory. The Bayesian framework enables a GMRF to be used as a spatial prior, comprising the assumption of smooth variation over space, and gives a principled way to estimate the parameters and propagate uncertainty. We develop new algorithms that enable applying GMRF priors in 3D to the brain activity inherent in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, with millions of observations. We show that our methods are both faster and more accurate than previous work. A method for approximating selected elements of the inverse precision matrix (i.e. the covariance matrix) is also proposed, which is important for evaluating the posterior uncertainty. In addition, we establish a link between GMRFs and deep convolutional neural networks, which have been successfully used in countless machine learning tasks for images, resulting in a deep GMRF model. Finally, we show how GMRFs can be used in real-time robotic search and rescue operations, for modeling the spatial distribution of injured persons. Tillförlitlig statistisk analys av spatiala data är viktigt inom många tillämpningar. Om inte korrekt hänsyn tas till spatial autokorrelation kan det ofta leda till felaktiga slutsatser. Samtidigt ökar ständigt storleken på de spatiala datamaterialen vilket utgör en stor beräkningsmässig utmaning, eftersom många standardmetoder för spatial analys är begränsade till några tusental datapunkter. I denna avhandling utforskar vi hur Gaussiska Markov-fält (eng: Gaussian Markov random fields, GMRF) kan användas för mer skalbara analyser av spatiala data. GMRF-modeller är nära besläktade med de ofta använda Gaussiska processerna, men har gleshetsegenskaper som gör dem beräkningsmässigt effektiva både vad gäller tids- och minnesåtgång. Det Bayesianska synsättet gör det möjligt att använda GMRF som en spatial prior som innefattar antagandet om långsam spatial variation och ger ett principiellt tillvägagångssätt för att skatta parametrar och propagera osäkerhet. Vi utvecklar nya algoritmer som gör det möjligt att använda GMRF-priors i 3D för den hjärnaktivitet som indirekt kan observeras i hjärnbilder framtagna med tekniken fMRI, som innehåller milliontals datapunkter. Vi visar att våra metoder är både snabbare och mer korrekta än tidigare forskning. En metod för att approximera utvalda element i den inversa precisionsmatrisen (dvs. kovariansmatrisen) framförs också, vilket är viktigt för att kunna evaluera osäkerheten i posteriorn. Vidare gör vi en koppling mellan GMRF och djupa neurala faltningsnätverk, som har använts framgångsrikt för mängder av bildrelaterade problem inom maskininlärning, vilket mynnar ut i en djup GMRF-modell. Slutligen visar vi hur GMRF kan användas i realtid av autonoma drönare för räddningsinsatser i katastrofområden för att modellera den spatiala fördelningen av skadade personer.

Beyond Recognition

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 918075676X
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Recognition by : Le Minh-Ha

Download or read book Beyond Recognition written by Le Minh-Ha and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2024-05-06 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis addresses the need to balance the use of facial recognition systems with the need to protect personal privacy in machine learning and biometric identification. As advances in deep learning accelerate their evolution, facial recognition systems enhance security capabilities, but also risk invading personal privacy. Our research identifies and addresses critical vulnerabilities inherent in facial recognition systems, and proposes innovative privacy-enhancing technologies that anonymize facial data while maintaining its utility for legitimate applications. Our investigation centers on the development of methodologies and frameworks that achieve k-anonymity in facial datasets; leverage identity disentanglement to facilitate anonymization; exploit the vulnerabilities of facial recognition systems to underscore their limitations; and implement practical defenses against unauthorized recognition systems. We introduce novel contributions such as AnonFACES, StyleID, IdDecoder, StyleAdv, and DiffPrivate, each designed to protect facial privacy through advanced adversarial machine learning techniques and generative models. These solutions not only demonstrate the feasibility of protecting facial privacy in an increasingly surveilled world, but also highlight the ongoing need for robust countermeasures against the ever-evolving capabilities of facial recognition technology. Continuous innovation in privacy-enhancing technologies is required to safeguard individuals from the pervasive reach of digital surveillance and protect their fundamental right to privacy. By providing open-source, publicly available tools, and frameworks, this thesis contributes to the collective effort to ensure that advancements in facial recognition serve the public good without compromising individual rights. Our multi-disciplinary approach bridges the gap between biometric systems, adversarial machine learning, and generative modeling to pave the way for future research in the domain and support AI innovation where technological advancement and privacy are balanced.

Parameterized Verification of Synchronized Concurrent Programs

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179296971
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Parameterized Verification of Synchronized Concurrent Programs by : Zeinab Ganjei

Download or read book Parameterized Verification of Synchronized Concurrent Programs written by Zeinab Ganjei and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2021-03-19 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is currently an increasing demand for concurrent programs. Checking the correctness of concurrent programs is a complex task due to the interleavings of processes. Sometimes, violation of the correctness properties in such systems causes human or resource losses; therefore, it is crucial to check the correctness of such systems. Two main approaches to software analysis are testing and formal verification. Testing can help discover many bugs at a low cost. However, it cannot prove the correctness of a program. Formal verification, on the other hand, is the approach for proving program correctness. Model checking is a formal verification technique that is suitable for concurrent programs. It aims to automatically establish the correctness (expressed in terms of temporal properties) of a program through an exhaustive search of the behavior of the system. Model checking was initially introduced for the purpose of verifying finite‐state concurrent programs, and extending it to infinite‐state systems is an active research area. In this thesis, we focus on the formal verification of parameterized systems. That is, systems in which the number of executing processes is not bounded a priori. We provide fully-automatic and parameterized model checking techniques for establishing the correctness of safety properties for certain classes of concurrent programs. We provide an open‐source prototype for every technique and present our experimental results on several benchmarks. First, we address the problem of automatically checking safety properties for bounded as well as parameterized phaser programs. Phaser programs are concurrent programs that make use of the complex synchronization construct of Habanero Java phasers. For the bounded case, we establish the decidability of checking the violation of program assertions and the undecidability of checking deadlock‐freedom. For the parameterized case, we study different formulations of the verification problem and propose an exact procedure that is guaranteed to terminate for some reachability problems even in the presence of unbounded phases and arbitrarily many spawned processes. Second, we propose an approach for automatic verification of parameterized concurrent programs in which shared variables are manipulated by atomic transitions to count and synchronize the spawned processes. For this purpose, we introduce counting predicates that related counters that refer to the number of processes satisfying some given properties to the variables that are directly manipulated by the concurrent processes. We then combine existing works on the counter, predicate, and constrained monotonic abstraction and build a nested counterexample‐based refinement scheme to establish correctness. Third, we introduce Lazy Constrained Monotonic Abstraction for more efficient exploration of well‐structured abstractions of infinite‐state non‐monotonic systems. We propose several heuristics and assess the efficiency of the proposed technique by extensive experiments using our open‐source prototype. Lastly, we propose a sound but (in general) incomplete procedure for automatic verification of safety properties for a class of fault‐tolerant distributed protocols described in the Heard‐Of (HO for short) model. The HO model is a popular model for describing distributed protocols. We propose a verification procedure that is guaranteed to terminate even for unbounded number of the processes that execute the distributed protocol.

Modeling Spatio-Temporal Data

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040217214
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Spatio-Temporal Data by : Marco A. R. Ferreira

Download or read book Modeling Spatio-Temporal Data written by Marco A. R. Ferreira and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-11-29 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several important topics in spatial and spatio-temporal statistics developed in the last 15 years have not received enough attention in textbooks. Modeling Spatio-Temporal Data: Markov Random Fields, Objectives Bayes, and Multiscale Models aims to fill this gap by providing an overview of a variety of recently proposed approaches for the analysis of spatial and spatio-temporal datasets, including proper Gaussian Markov random fields, dynamic multiscale spatio-temporal models, and objective priors for spatial and spatio-temporal models. The goal is to make these approaches more accessible to practitioners, and to stimulate additional research in these important areas of spatial and spatio-temporal statistics. Key topics: Proper Gaussian Markov random fields and their uses as building blocks for spatio-temporal models and multiscale models. Hierarchical models with intrinsic conditional autoregressive priors for spatial random effects, including reference priors, results on fast computations, and objective Bayes model selection. Objective priors for state-space models and a new approximate reference prior for a spatio-temporal model with dynamic spatio-temporal random effects. Spatio-temporal models based on proper Gaussian Markov random fields for Poisson observations. Dynamic multiscale spatio-temporal thresholding for spatial clustering and data compression. Multiscale spatio-temporal assimilation of computer model output and monitoring station data. Dynamic multiscale heteroscedastic multivariate spatio-temporal models. The M-open multiple optima paradox and some of its practical implications for multiscale modeling. Ensembles of dynamic multiscale spatio-temporal models for smooth spatio-temporal processes. The audience for this book are practitioners, researchers, and graduate students in statistics, data science, machine learning, and related fields. Prerequisites for this book are master's-level courses on statistical inference, linear models, and Bayesian statistics. This book can be used as a textbook for a special topics course on spatial and spatio-temporal statistics, as well as supplementary material for graduate courses on spatial and spatio-temporal modeling.

Introduction to Bayesian Methods in Ecology and Natural Resources

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303060750X
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Bayesian Methods in Ecology and Natural Resources by : Edwin J. Green

Download or read book Introduction to Bayesian Methods in Ecology and Natural Resources written by Edwin J. Green and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents modern Bayesian analysis in a format that is accessible to researchers in the fields of ecology, wildlife biology, and natural resource management. Bayesian analysis has undergone a remarkable transformation since the early 1990s. Widespread adoption of Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques has made the Bayesian paradigm the viable alternative to classical statistical procedures for scientific inference. The Bayesian approach has a number of desirable qualities, three chief ones being: i) the mathematical procedure is always the same, allowing the analyst to concentrate on the scientific aspects of the problem; ii) historical information is readily used, when appropriate; and iii) hierarchical models are readily accommodated. This monograph contains numerous worked examples and the requisite computer programs. The latter are easily modified to meet new situations. A primer on probability distributions is also included because these form the basis of Bayesian inference. Researchers and graduate students in Ecology and Natural Resource Management will find this book a valuable reference.

Statistical Methods in Epilepsy

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1003829295
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods in Epilepsy by : Sharon Chiang

Download or read book Statistical Methods in Epilepsy written by Sharon Chiang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-03-25 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epilepsy research promises new treatments and insights into brain function, but statistics and machine learning are paramount for extracting meaning from data and enabling discovery. Statistical Methods in Epilepsy provides a comprehensive introduction to statistical methods used in epilepsy research. Written in a clear, accessible style by leading authorities, this textbook demystifies introductory and advanced statistical methods, providing a practical roadmap that will be invaluable for learners and experts alike. Topics include a primer on version control and coding, pre-processing of imaging and electrophysiological data, hypothesis testing, generalized linear models, survival analysis, network analysis, time-series analysis, spectral analysis, spatial statistics, unsupervised and supervised learning, natural language processing, prospective trial design, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling, and randomized clinical trials. Features: Provides a comprehensive introduction to statistical methods employed in epilepsy research Divided into four parts: Basic Processing Methods for Data Analysis; Statistical Models for Epilepsy Data Types; Machine Learning Methods; and Clinical Studies Covers methodological and practical aspects, as well as worked-out examples with R and Python code provided in the online supplement Includes contributions by experts in the field https://github.com/sharon-chiang/Statistics-Epilepsy-Book/ The handbook targets clinicians, graduate students, medical students, and researchers who seek to conduct quantitative epilepsy research. The topics covered extend broadly to quantitative research in other neurological specialties and provide a valuable reference for the field of neurology.

Bayesian Prediction and Adaptive Sampling Algorithms for Mobile Sensor Networks

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319219219
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Bayesian Prediction and Adaptive Sampling Algorithms for Mobile Sensor Networks by : Yunfei Xu

Download or read book Bayesian Prediction and Adaptive Sampling Algorithms for Mobile Sensor Networks written by Yunfei Xu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-27 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief introduces a class of problems and models for the prediction of the scalar field of interest from noisy observations collected by mobile sensor networks. It also introduces the problem of optimal coordination of robotic sensors to maximize the prediction quality subject to communication and mobility constraints either in a centralized or distributed manner. To solve such problems, fully Bayesian approaches are adopted, allowing various sources of uncertainties to be integrated into an inferential framework effectively capturing all aspects of variability involved. The fully Bayesian approach also allows the most appropriate values for additional model parameters to be selected automatically by data, and the optimal inference and prediction for the underlying scalar field to be achieved. In particular, spatio-temporal Gaussian process regression is formulated for robotic sensors to fuse multifactorial effects of observations, measurement noise, and prior distributions for obtaining the predictive distribution of a scalar environmental field of interest. New techniques are introduced to avoid computationally prohibitive Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for resource-constrained mobile sensors. Bayesian Prediction and Adaptive Sampling Algorithms for Mobile Sensor Networks starts with a simple spatio-temporal model and increases the level of model flexibility and uncertainty step by step, simultaneously solving increasingly complicated problems and coping with increasing complexity, until it ends with fully Bayesian approaches that take into account a broad spectrum of uncertainties in observations, model parameters, and constraints in mobile sensor networks. The book is timely, being very useful for many researchers in control, robotics, computer science and statistics trying to tackle a variety of tasks such as environmental monitoring and adaptive sampling, surveillance, exploration, and plume tracking which are of increasing currency. Problems are solved creatively by seamless combination of theories and concepts from Bayesian statistics, mobile sensor networks, optimal experiment design, and distributed computation.

Gaussian Markov Random Fields

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203492021
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Gaussian Markov Random Fields by : Havard Rue

Download or read book Gaussian Markov Random Fields written by Havard Rue and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-02-18 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gaussian Markov Random Field (GMRF) models are most widely used in spatial statistics - a very active area of research in which few up-to-date reference works are available. This is the first book on the subject that provides a unified framework of GMRFs with particular emphasis on the computational aspects. This book includes extensive case-studie

Statistical Modeling Using Bayesian Latent Gaussian Models

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031397916
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Modeling Using Bayesian Latent Gaussian Models by : Birgir Hrafnkelsson

Download or read book Statistical Modeling Using Bayesian Latent Gaussian Models written by Birgir Hrafnkelsson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-10 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the statistical modeling of geophysical and environmental data using Bayesian latent Gaussian models. The structure of these models is described in a thorough introductory chapter, which explains how to construct prior densities for the model parameters, how to infer the parameters using Bayesian computation, and how to use the models to make predictions. The remaining six chapters focus on the application of Bayesian latent Gaussian models to real examples in glaciology, hydrology, engineering seismology, seismology, meteorology and climatology. These examples include: spatial predictions of surface mass balance; the estimation of Antarctica’s contribution to sea-level rise; the estimation of rating curves for the projection of water level to discharge; ground motion models for strong motion; spatial modeling of earthquake magnitudes; weather forecasting based on numerical model forecasts; and extreme value analysis of precipitation on a high-dimensional grid. The book is aimed at graduate students and experts in statistics, geophysics, environmental sciences, engineering, and related fields.

Advanced Spatial Modeling with Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Using R and INLA

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429629850
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Spatial Modeling with Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Using R and INLA by : Elias T. Krainski

Download or read book Advanced Spatial Modeling with Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Using R and INLA written by Elias T. Krainski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling spatial and spatio-temporal continuous processes is an important and challenging problem in spatial statistics. Advanced Spatial Modeling with Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Using R and INLA describes in detail the stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) approach for modeling continuous spatial processes with a Matérn covariance, which has been implemented using the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) in the R-INLA package. Key concepts about modeling spatial processes and the SPDE approach are explained with examples using simulated data and real applications. This book has been authored by leading experts in spatial statistics, including the main developers of the INLA and SPDE methodologies and the R-INLA package. It also includes a wide range of applications: * Spatial and spatio-temporal models for continuous outcomes * Analysis of spatial and spatio-temporal point patterns * Coregionalization spatial and spatio-temporal models * Measurement error spatial models * Modeling preferential sampling * Spatial and spatio-temporal models with physical barriers * Survival analysis with spatial effects * Dynamic space-time regression * Spatial and spatio-temporal models for extremes * Hurdle models with spatial effects * Penalized Complexity priors for spatial models All the examples in the book are fully reproducible. Further information about this book, as well as the R code and datasets used, is available from the book website at http://www.r-inla.org/spde-book. The tools described in this book will be useful to researchers in many fields such as biostatistics, spatial statistics, environmental sciences, epidemiology, ecology and others. Graduate and Ph.D. students will also find this book and associated files a valuable resource to learn INLA and the SPDE approach for spatial modeling.

Orchestrating a Resource-aware Edge

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9180757480
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Orchestrating a Resource-aware Edge by : Klervie Toczé

Download or read book Orchestrating a Resource-aware Edge written by Klervie Toczé and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2024-09-02 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More and more services are moving to the cloud, attracted by the promise of unlimited resources that are accessible anytime, and are managed by someone else. However, hosting every type of service in large cloud datacenters is not possible or suitable, as some emerging applications have stringent latency or privacy requirements, while also handling huge amounts of data. Therefore, in recent years, a new paradigm has been proposed to address the needs of these applications: the edge computing paradigm. Resources provided at the edge (e.g., for computation and communication) are constrained, hence resource management is of crucial importance. The incoming load to the edge infrastructure varies both in time and space. Managing the edge infrastructure so that the appropriate resources are available at the required time and location is called orchestrating. This is especially challenging in case of sudden load spikes and when the orchestration impact itself has to be limited. This thesis enables edge computing orchestration with increased resource-awareness by contributing with methods, techniques, and concepts for edge resource management. First, it proposes methods to better understand the edge resource demand. Second, it provides solutions on the supply side for orchestrating edge resources with different characteristics in order to serve edge applications with satisfactory quality of service. Finally, the thesis includes a critical perspective on the paradigm, by considering sustainability challenges. To understand the demand patterns, the thesis presents a methodology for categorizing the large variety of use cases that are proposed in the literature as potential applications for edge computing. The thesis also proposes methods for characterizing and modeling applications, as well as for gathering traces from real applications and analyzing them. These different approaches are applied to a prototype from a typical edge application domain: Mixed Reality. The important insight here is that application descriptions or models that are not based on a real application may not be giving an accurate picture of the load. This can drive incorrect decisions about what should be done on the supply side and thus waste resources. Regarding resource supply, the thesis proposes two orchestration frameworks for managing edge resources and successfully dealing with load spikes while avoiding over-provisioning. The first one utilizes mobile edge devices while the second leverages the concept of spare devices. Then, focusing on the request placement part of orchestration, the thesis formalizes it in the case of applications structured as chains of functions (so-called microservices) as an instance of the Traveling Purchaser Problem and solves it using Integer Linear Programming. Two different energy metrics influencing request placement decisions are proposed and evaluated. Finally, the thesis explores further resource awareness. Sustainability challenges that should be highlighted more within edge computing are collected. Among those related to resource use, the strategy of sufficiency is promoted as a way forward. It involves aiming at only using the needed resources (no more, no less) with a goal of reducing resource usage. Different tools to adopt it are proposed and their use demonstrated through a case study.

Hybrid Random Fields

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642203086
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Hybrid Random Fields by : Antonino Freno

Download or read book Hybrid Random Fields written by Antonino Freno and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-11 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an exciting new synthesis of directed and undirected, discrete and continuous graphical models. Combining elements of Bayesian networks and Markov random fields, the newly introduced hybrid random fields are an interesting approach to get the best of both these worlds, with an added promise of modularity and scalability. The authors have written an enjoyable book---rigorous in the treatment of the mathematical background, but also enlivened by interesting and original historical and philosophical perspectives. -- Manfred Jaeger, Aalborg Universitet The book not only marks an effective direction of investigation with significant experimental advances, but it is also---and perhaps primarily---a guide for the reader through an original trip in the space of probabilistic modeling. While digesting the book, one is enriched with a very open view of the field, with full of stimulating connections. [...] Everyone specifically interested in Bayesian networks and Markov random fields should not miss it. -- Marco Gori, Università degli Studi di Siena Graphical models are sometimes regarded---incorrectly---as an impractical approach to machine learning, assuming that they only work well for low-dimensional applications and discrete-valued domains. While guiding the reader through the major achievements of this research area in a technically detailed yet accessible way, the book is concerned with the presentation and thorough (mathematical and experimental) investigation of a novel paradigm for probabilistic graphical modeling, the hybrid random field. This model subsumes and extends both Bayesian networks and Markov random fields. Moreover, it comes with well-defined learning algorithms, both for discrete and continuous-valued domains, which fit the needs of real-world applications involving large-scale, high-dimensional data.

Empirical Studies in Machine Psychology

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179295061
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Empirical Studies in Machine Psychology by : Robert Johansson

Download or read book Empirical Studies in Machine Psychology written by Robert Johansson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2024-10-09 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents Machine Psychology as an interdisciplinary paradigm that integrates learning psychology principles with an adaptive computer system for the development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). By synthesizing behavioral psychology with a formal intelligence model, the Non-Axiomatic Reasoning System (NARS), this work explores the potential of operant conditioning paradigms to advance AGI research. The thesis begins by introducing the conceptual foundations of Machine Psychology, detailing its alignment with the theoretical constructs of learning psychology and the formalism of NARS. It then progresses through a series of empirical studies designed to systematically investigate the emergence of increasingly complex cognitive behaviors as NARS interacts with its environment. Initially, operant conditioning is established as a foundational principle for developing adaptive behavior with NARS. Subsequent chapters explore increasingly sophisticated cognitive capabilities, all studied with NARS using experimental paradigms from operant learning psychology: Generalized identity matching, Functional equivalence, and Arbitrarily Applicable Relational Responding. Throughout this research, Machine Psychology is demonstrated to be a promising framework for guiding AGI research, allowing both the manipulation of environmental contingencies and the system’s intrinsic logical processes. The thesis contributes to AGI research by showing how using operant psychological paradigms with NARS can enable cognitive abilities similar to human cognition. These findings set the stage for AGI systems that learn and adapt more like humans, potentially advancing the creation of more general and flexible AI. Denna avhandling introducerar Maskinpsykologi som ett tvärvetenskapligt område där principer från inlärningspsykologi integreras med ett adaptivt datorsystem. Genom att kombinera forskning från beteendepsykologi med en formell modell för intelligens (Non-Axiomatic Reasoning System; NARS), undersöker avhandlingen hur operant betingning kan användas för att driva utvecklingen av Artificiell General Intelligens (AGI) framåt. Avhandlingen börjar med att förklara grunderna i Maskinpsykologi och hur dessa relaterar till både inlärningspsykologi och NARS. Därefter presenteras en serie experiment som systematiskt undersöker hur allt mer komplexa kognitiva beteenden kan uppstå när NARS interagerar med sin omgivning. Till att börja med etableras operant betingning som en central metod för att utveckla adaptiva beteenden med NARS. I de följande kapitlen utforskas hur NARS, genom experiment inspirerade av operant inlärningspsykologi, kan utveckla mer avancerade kognitiva förmågor som till exempel generaliserad identitetsmatchning, funktionell ekvivalens och så kallade arbiträrt applicerbara relationsresponser. Denna forskning visar att Maskinpsykologi är ett lovande verktyg för att vägleda AGI-forskning, eftersom det möjliggör att både påverka omgivningsfaktorer och styra systemets interna logiska processer. Avhandlingen bidrar till AGI-forskning genom att visa hur operanta psykologiska metoder, tillämpade på NARS, kan möjliggöra kognitiva förmågor som liknar mänskligt tänkande. Dessa insikter öppnar nya möjligheter för att utveckla AI-system som kan lära sig och anpassa sig på ett mer mänskligt sätt, vilket kan leda till skapandet av mer generell och flexibel AI.

Introducing Monte Carlo Methods with R

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441915753
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Introducing Monte Carlo Methods with R by : Christian Robert

Download or read book Introducing Monte Carlo Methods with R written by Christian Robert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the main tools used in statistical simulation from a programmer’s point of view, explaining the R implementation of each simulation technique and providing the output for better understanding and comparison.

Random Fields on a Network

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780387944289
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (442 download)

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Book Synopsis Random Fields on a Network by : Xavier Guyon

Download or read book Random Fields on a Network written by Xavier Guyon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-06-23 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of spatial models over lattices, or random fields as they are known, has developed significantly over recent years. This book provides a graduate-level introduction to the subject which assumes only a basic knowledge of probability and statistics, finite Markov chains, and the spectral theory of second-order processes. A particular strength of this book is its emphasis on examples - both to motivate the theory which is being developed, and to demonstrate the applications which range from statistical mechanics to image analysis and from statistics to stochastic algorithms.

Geostatistics

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118136179
Total Pages : 750 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (181 download)

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Book Synopsis Geostatistics by : Jean-Paul Chilès

Download or read book Geostatistics written by Jean-Paul Chilès and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-08 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for the First Edition ". . . a readable, comprehensive volume that . . . belongs on the desk, close at hand, of any serious researcher or practitioner." Mathematical Geosciences The state of the art in geostatistics Geostatistical models and techniques such as kriging and stochastic multi-realizations exploit spatial correlations to evaluate natural resources, help optimize their development, and address environmental issues related to air and water quality, soil pollution, and forestry. Geostatistics: Modeling Spatial Uncertainty, Second Edition presents a comprehensive, up-to-date reference on the topic, now featuring the latest developments in the field. The authors explain both the theory and applications of geostatistics through a unified treatment that emphasizes methodology. Key topics that are the foundation of geostatistics are explored in-depth, including stationary and nonstationary models; linear and nonlinear methods; change of support; multivariate approaches; and conditional simulations. The Second Edition highlights the growing number of applications of geostatistical methods and discusses three key areas of growth in the field: New results and methods, including kriging very large datasets; kriging with outliers; nonse??parable space-time covariances; multipoint simulations; pluri-gaussian simulations; gradual deformation; and extreme value geostatistics Newly formed connections between geostatistics and other approaches such as radial basis functions, Gaussian Markov random fields, and data assimilation New perspectives on topics such as collocated cokriging, kriging with an external drift, discrete Gaussian change-of-support models, and simulation algorithms Geostatistics, Second Edition is an excellent book for courses on the topic at the graduate level. It also serves as an invaluable reference for earth scientists, mining and petroleum engineers, geophysicists, and environmental statisticians who collect and analyze data in their everyday work.

Companion Robots for Older Adults

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Author :
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9180755747
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Companion Robots for Older Adults by : Sofia Thunberg

Download or read book Companion Robots for Older Adults written by Sofia Thunberg and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2024-05-06 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores, through a mixed-methods approach, what happens when companion robots are deployed in care homes for older adults by looking at different perspectives from key stakeholders. Nine studies are presented with decision makers in municipalities, care staff and older adults, as participants, and the studies have primarily been carried out in the field in care homes and activity centres, where both qualitative (e.g., observations and workshops) and quantitative data (surveys) have been collected. The thesis shows that companion robots seem to be here to stay and that they can contribute to a higher quality of life for some older adults. It further presents some challenges with a certain discrepancy between what decision makers want and what staff might be able to facilitate. For future research and use of companion robots, it is key to evaluate each robot model and potential use case separately and develop clear routines for how they should be used, and most importantly, let all stakeholders be part of the process. The knowledge contribution is the holistic view of how different actors affect each other when emerging robot technology is introduced in a care environment. Den här avhandlingen utforskar vad som händer när sällskapsrobotar införs på omsorgsboenden för äldre genom att titta på perspektiv från olika intressenter. Nio studier presenteras med kommunala beslutsfattare, vårdpersonal och äldre som deltagare. Studierna har i huvudsak genomförts i fält på särskilda boenden och aktivitetscenter där både kvalitativa- (exempelvis observationer och workshops) och kvantitativa data (enkäter) har samlats in. Avhandlingen visar att sällskapsrobotar verkar vara här för att stanna och att de kan bidra till en högre livskvalitet för vissa äldre. Den visar även på en del utmaningar med en viss diskrepans mellan vad beslutsfattare vill införa och vad personalen har möjlighet att utföra i sitt arbete. För framtida forskning och användning av sällskapsrobotar är det viktigt att utvärdera varje robotmodell och varje användningsområde var för sig och ta fram tydliga rutiner för hur de ska användas, och viktigast av allt, låta alla intressenter vara en del av processen. Kunskapsbidraget med avhandlingen är en helhetssyn på hur olika aktörer påverkar varandra när ny robotteknik introduceras i en vårdmiljö