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Author : Esmaeil Zarei
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303162470X
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Safety Causation Analysis in Sociotechnical Systems written by Esmaeil Zarei and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book A Review of Accident Modelling Approaches for Complex Critical Sociotechnical Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing complexity in highly technological systems such as aviation, maritime, air traffic control, telecommunications, nuclear power plants, defence and aerospace, chemical and petroleum industry, and healthcare and patient safety is leading to potentially disastrous failure modes and new kinds of safety issues. Traditional accident modelling approaches are not adequate to analyse accidents that occur in modern sociotechnical systems, where accident causation is not the result of an individual component failure or human error. This report provides a review of key traditional accident modelling approaches and their limitations, and describes new system-theoretic approaches to the modelling and analysis of accidents in safety-critical systems. It also discusses current research on the application of formal (mathematically-based) methods to accident modelling and organisational theories on safety and accident causation. This report recommends new approaches to the modelling and analysis of complex systems that are based on systems theory and interdisciplinary research, in order to capture the complexity of modern sociotechnical systems from a broad systemic view for understanding the multidimensional aspects of safety and accident causation.
Author : Nancy G. Leveson
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262297302
Total Pages : 555 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)
Download or read book Engineering a Safer World written by Nancy G. Leveson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new approach to safety, based on systems thinking, that is more effective, less costly, and easier to use than current techniques. Engineering has experienced a technological revolution, but the basic engineering techniques applied in safety and reliability engineering, created in a simpler, analog world, have changed very little over the years. In this groundbreaking book, Nancy Leveson proposes a new approach to safety—more suited to today's complex, sociotechnical, software-intensive world—based on modern systems thinking and systems theory. Revisiting and updating ideas pioneered by 1950s aerospace engineers in their System Safety concept, and testing her new model extensively on real-world examples, Leveson has created a new approach to safety that is more effective, less expensive, and easier to use than current techniques. Arguing that traditional models of causality are inadequate, Leveson presents a new, extended model of causation (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes, or STAMP), then shows how the new model can be used to create techniques for system safety engineering, including accident analysis, hazard analysis, system design, safety in operations, and management of safety-critical systems. She applies the new techniques to real-world events including the friendly-fire loss of a U.S. Blackhawk helicopter in the first Gulf War; the Vioxx recall; the U.S. Navy SUBSAFE program; and the bacterial contamination of a public water supply in a Canadian town. Leveson's approach is relevant even beyond safety engineering, offering techniques for “reengineering” any large sociotechnical system to improve safety and manage risk.
Author : Paul M. Salmon
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1317120124
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)
Download or read book Human Factors Methods and Accident Analysis written by Paul M. Salmon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of, and practical guidance on, the range of human factors (HF) methods that can be used for the purposes of accident analysis and investigation in complex sociotechnical systems. Human Factors Methods and Accident Analysis begins with an overview of different accident causation models and an introduction to the concepts of accident analysis and investigation. It then presents a discussion focussing on the importance of, and difficulties associated with, collecting appropriate data for accident analysis purposes. Following this, a range of HF-based accident analysis methods are described, as well as step-by-step guidance on how to apply them. To demonstrate how the different methods are applied, and what the outputs are, the book presents a series of case study applications across a range of safety critical domains. It concludes with a chapter focussing on the data challenges faced when collecting, coding and analysing accident data, along with future directions in the area. Human Factors Methods and Accident Analysis is the first book to offer a practical guide for investigators, practitioners and researchers wishing to apply accident analysis methods. It is also unique in presenting a series of novel applications of accident analysis methods, including HF methods not previously used for these purposes (e.g. EAST, critical path analysis), as well as applications of methods in new domains.
Author : Bernhard Wilpert
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134833210
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)
Download or read book Reliability and Safety In Hazardous Work Systems written by Bernhard Wilpert and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a selection of original contributions from internationally reputed scholars in the field of risk management in socio?technical systems with high hazard potential. Its first major section addresses fundamental psychological and socio?technical concepts in the field of risk perception, risk management and learning systems for safety improvement. The second section deals with the variety of procedures for system safety analysis. It covers strategies of analyzing automation problems and of safety culture as well as the analysis of social dynamics in field settings and of field experiments. Its third part then illustrates the utilization of basic concepts and analytic approaches by way of case studies of designing man?machine systems and in various industrial sectors such as intensive care wards, aviation, offfshore oil drilling and chemical industry. In linking basic theoretical conceptual notions and analytic strategies to detailed case studies in the area of hazardous work organizations the volume differs from and complements more theoretical works such as Human Error (J. Reason, 1990) and more general approaches such as New Technologies and Human Error (J. Rasmussen, K. Duncan, J. Leplat, Eds.)
Author : Kip Edward Johnson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (986 download)
Download or read book Systems-theoretic Safety Analyses Extended for Coordination written by Kip Edward Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When interdependent conditions exist among decision units, safety results in part from coordination. Safety analysis methods should correspondingly address coordination. However, state-of-the-art safety analysis methods have limited guidance for analytical inquiry into coordination between interdependent decision systems. This thesis presents theoretical and applied research to address the knowledge gap by extending STAMP (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes)-based analysis methods STPA (System-Theoretic Process Analysis) and CAST (Causal Analysis based on STAMP). This thesis contributes to knowledge by introducing: 1) a coordination framework for use in analysis, 2) STPA-Coordination and CAST-Coordination, which extend STPA and CAST to analyze coordination, and 3) flawed coordination analysis guidance for use in the extensions. The coordination framework provides explanatory power for observation of and analysis of coordination in sociotechnical systems. The coordination framework includes perspectives for use in the evaluation of coordination, which are used to operationalize the framework for analysis. STPA-Coordination extends STPA with additional steps for analysis of how coordination can lead to unsafe controls (i.e. hazards). In part, STPA-Coordination uses analysis guidance introduced in this thesis that consists of four unique flawed coordination cases and nine coordination elements. CAST-Coordination extends CAST with additional steps to investigate accident causation influences from flawed coordination. Two case studies evaluate the utility of extensions, flawed coordination guidance, and the framework. One case study investigates the application of STPA-Coordination to a current and significant sociotechnical system challenge-unmanned aircraft systems integration into military and civil flight operations. Results are compared to official functional hazard analysis and requirements results. The comparison shows that STPA-Coordination provides additional insights into identifying hazardous coordination scenarios and recommendations. Another case study applies CAST-Coordination to investigate a Patriot missile friendly fire (2003) during Operation Iraqi Freedom, which is a relevant concern today. CAST-Coordination is successfully applied to the friendly-fire coordination problem. When compared to official government accident investigation reports, CAST-Coordination shows benefits in identifying accident influences and generating recommendations to address the coordination and safety problem. Both case study quantitative and qualitative results are promising and suggest STPA- and CAST-Coordination and the coordination framework are useful.
Author : Luca Podofillini
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315648415
Total Pages : 730 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (156 download)
Download or read book Safety and Reliability of Complex Engineered Systems written by Luca Podofillini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety and Reliability of Complex Engineered Systems contains the Proceedings of the 25th European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2015, held 7-10 September 2015 in Zurich, Switzerland. It includes about 570 papers accepted for presentation at the conference. These contributions focus on theories and methods in the area of risk, safety and
Author : Thomas G.C. Griffin
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1317120094
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)
Download or read book Human Factors Models for Aviation Accident Analysis and Prevention written by Thomas G.C. Griffin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation and modelling of aviation accident causation is dominated by linear models. Aviation is, however, a complex system and as such suffers from being artificially manipulated into non-complex models and methods. This book addresses this issue by developing a new approach to investigating aviation accident causation through information networks. These networks centralise communication and the flow of information as key indicators of a system’s health and risk. This holistic approach focuses on the system environment, the activity that takes place within it, the strategies used to conduct this activity, the way in which the constituent parts of the system (both human and non-human) interact and the behaviour required. Each stage of this book identifies and expands upon the potential of the information network approach, maintaining firm focus on the overall health of a system. The book’s new model offers many potential developments and some key areas are studied in this research. Through the centralisation of barriers and information nodes the method can be applied to almost any situation. The application of Bayesian mathematics to historical data populations provides scope for studying error migration and barrier manipulation. The book also provides application of these predictions to a flight simulator study for the purposes of validation. Beyond this it also discusses the applicability of the approach to industry. Through working with a legacy airline the methods discussed are used as the basis for a new and prospective safety management system.
Author : Erik Hollnagel
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 135193595X
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)
Download or read book FRAM: The Functional Resonance Analysis Method written by Erik Hollnagel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resilience engineering has consistently argued that safety is more than the absence of failures. Since the first book was published in 2006, several book chapters and papers have demonstrated the advantage in going behind 'human error' and beyond the failure concept, just as a number of serious accidents have accentuated the need for it. But there has not yet been a comprehensive method for doing so; the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) fulfils that need. Whereas commonly used methods explain events by interpreting them in terms of an already existing model, the FRAM is used to model the functions that are needed for everyday performance to succeed. This model can then be used to explain specific events, by showing how functions can be coupled and how the variability of everyday performance sometimes may lead to unexpected and out-of-scale outcomes - either good or bad. The FRAM is based on four principles: equivalence of failures and successes, approximate adjustments, emergence, and functional resonance. As the FRAM is a method rather than a model, it makes no assumptions about how the system under investigation is structured or organised, nor about possible causes and cause-effect relations. Instead of looking for failures and malfunctions, the FRAM explains outcomes in terms of how functions become coupled and how everyday performance variability may resonate. This book presents a detailed and tested method that can be used to model how complex and dynamic socio-technical systems work, to understand why things sometimes go wrong but also why they normally succeed.
Author : Paul M. Salmon
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000602761
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Systems Thinking Methods written by Paul M. Salmon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-08-19 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The systems thinking philosophy has become popular in human factors and ergonomics and safety science. These methods are being used to understand and resolve complex societal problems in areas such as transport safety, workplace safety, medication error, disaster management, child abuse, financial crises, terrorism, climate change and public health and wellbeing. This handbook presents practical step-by-step guidance for practitioners and researchers wishing to use these methods to tackle complex problems. Each method includes an example case study which demonstrates how the method can be applied and how the results can be interpreted and translated into practical recommendations. The book presents practical guidance on state-of-the-art systems thinking methods and offers case study applications describing systems thinking methods in novel areas. It explains how to translate the outputs of systems thinking methods in practice and introduces systems thinking with an overview of Human Factors and Ergonomics applications. This book will serve as a great reference for students and engineers in the field of systems engineering, complex systems and the design and development of systems, including ergonomics/human factors and systems engineers, designers, architects, industrial engineers, project management engineers, reliability engineers, risk engineers, software engineers and computer engineers.
Author : M.H. Walter
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351357921
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)
Download or read book Revival: Safety and Reliability in the 90s (1990) written by M.H. Walter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-09-09 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reliability-based design is relatively well established in structural design. Its use is less mature in geotechnical design, but there is a steady progression towards reliability-based design as seen in the inclusion of a new Annex D on "Reliability of Geotechnical Structures" in the third edition of ISO 2394. Reliability-based design can be viewed as a simplified form of risk-based design where different consequences of failure are implicitly covered by the adoption of different target reliability indices. Explicit risk management methodologies are required for large geotechnical systems where soil and loading conditions are too varied to be conveniently slotted into a few reliability classes (typically three) and an associated simple discrete tier of target reliability indices.
Author : Hal W. Hendrick
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1410612414
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Macroergonomics written by Hal W. Hendrick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-04-01 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book's primary objective is to provide a comprehensive coverage of ergonomics in overall work system analysis and design. It provides a summary of the historical development of macroergonomics. It explains how an understanding of macroergonomics can lead to improvements in such things as reducing work-related lost time accidents; and describes the methods and tools used in work system analysis and design. Throughout, the integrating theme is that the full potential of an organization--in terms of productivity, safety, health, and Quality of Work Life (QWL)--can't be met unless the overall work system is designed to conform with the characteristics of its technology, personnel subsystem, and the external environment upon which it depends for its survival and success. Using a sociotechnical systems approach, this text discusses the application of macroergonomics to training system development, hazard management, technology transfer, large scale organizational change projects, office and factory automation, community planning and development, and job design. For each of these applications, actual case examples will be included. The book will appeal to teachers of introductory human factors/ergonomics courses as a supplemental text or as the primary text for a course fully devoted to macroergonomics. In addition, it should also appeal to practicing ergonomists internationally as a must add to their personal professional libraries.
Author : Erik Hollnagel
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1317059794
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Safety-I and Safety-II written by Erik Hollnagel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety has traditionally been defined as a condition where the number of adverse outcomes was as low as possible (Safety-I). From a Safety-I perspective, the purpose of safety management is to make sure that the number of accidents and incidents is kept as low as possible, or as low as is reasonably practicable. This means that safety management must start from the manifestations of the absence of safety and that - paradoxically - safety is measured by counting the number of cases where it fails rather than by the number of cases where it succeeds. This unavoidably leads to a reactive approach based on responding to what goes wrong or what is identified as a risk - as something that could go wrong. Focusing on what goes right, rather than on what goes wrong, changes the definition of safety from ’avoiding that something goes wrong’ to ’ensuring that everything goes right’. More precisely, Safety-II is the ability to succeed under varying conditions, so that the number of intended and acceptable outcomes is as high as possible. From a Safety-II perspective, the purpose of safety management is to ensure that as much as possible goes right, in the sense that everyday work achieves its objectives. This means that safety is managed by what it achieves (successes, things that go right), and that likewise it is measured by counting the number of cases where things go right. In order to do this, safety management cannot only be reactive, it must also be proactive. But it must be proactive with regard to how actions succeed, to everyday acceptable performance, rather than with regard to how they can fail, as traditional risk analysis does. This book analyses and explains the principles behind both approaches and uses this to consider the past and future of safety management practices. The analysis makes use of common examples and cases from domains such as aviation, nuclear power production, process management and health care. The final chapters explain the theoret
Author : Franck Guarnieri
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319962590
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Safety Dynamics written by Franck Guarnieri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a systematic approach to risk assessment for complex socio-technical systems like industrial processes, especially innovative ones. It provides an overview of applications of system dynamics theory and methodologies on industrial systems in order to demonstrate the relevance of such an approach in helping to assess risks in such complex systems. An important feature of this approach is that it takes into account the dynamic of the interactions of the components (technical, human and organizational ones) in order to study and simulate the behavior of the system. This methodology helps to define the failures and/or accident scenarios and to implement and test the prevention and protection barriers. This book is of particular interest to students and teachers at university level (Master and Doctorate) and to engineers interested in risk analysis and management.
Author : Tareq Ahram
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303039512X
Total Pages : 1295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Intelligent Human Systems Integration 2020 written by Tareq Ahram and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 1295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents cutting-edge research on innovative human systems integration and human–machine interaction, with an emphasis on artificial intelligence and automation, as well as computational modeling and simulation. It covers a wide range of applications in the areas of design, construction and operation of products, systems and services, and discusses the human factors in a wide range of settings. Gathering the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2020), held on February 19–21, 2020, in Modena, Italy, the book’s goal is to advance the theory and applications of artificial cognitive systems and improve human-artificial systems collaboration. Special emphasis is placed on automotive design, autonomous vehicles and the applications of artificial intelligence. The book offers a timely survey and source of inspiration for human factors engineers, automotive engineers, IT developers and UX designers who are working to shape the future of automated intelligent systems.
Author : Nathaniel Arthur Peper
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Systems Thinking Applied to Automation and Workplace Safety written by Nathaniel Arthur Peper and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the results of a study to compare Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA), a hazard analysis methodology based on a new model of accident causation called Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP), with the traditional assessments recommended by industry standards for analyzing safety risks in modern manufacturing workplaces that are increasingly incorporating automated systems. These increasingly complex, modern socio-technical systems are introducing new problems in the manufacturing environment that traditional methods of analysis were not designed to analyze. While these traditional methods have previously proven effective at analyzing hazards, the increasing levels of complexity and technological advancement in the factories are surpassing the limits of traditional assessment capabilities. Today's continuous search for opportunities to automate manufacturing process makes this a critical time to ensure that the hazard analysis methodologies in use are capable of providing an effective and efficient analysis. STAMP and STPA were developed specifically to understand and analyze modern, complex socio-technical systems that are introducing new types of accidents with causes beyond traditional component failures. This thesis provides background and discussion of traditional models and methods, of the current industry standard method, and of the proposed method. The current and proposed methods are then used on an actual semi-automated manufacturing process being implemented in an aerospace manufacturing company and analyzed with a set of criteria to determine their effectiveness and efficiency. The results of this analysis determine that STPA is better equipped for the modern manufacturing environment.
Author : Kevin Dew
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1800885695
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Health Research in the Social Sciences written by Kevin Dew and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring state-of-the-art contributions from leading experts in their respective fields, the Encyclopedia of Health Research in the Social Sciences explores an extensive range of topics, concepts, research approaches and theoretical orientations aimed at providing guidance for those undertaking health research.
