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Russian Views Of The Transition In The Rural Sector
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Book Synopsis Russian Views of the Transition in the Rural Sector by : World Bank The
Download or read book Russian Views of the Transition in the Rural Sector written by World Bank The and published by World Bank Group. This book was released on 2000 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation " ... a decade into the reform, the number of collective farms has not changed. These enterprises remain the dominant agricultural producers, while the role of individual farms is still marginal and stagnant (Goskomstat 1997: 38; 1998)."Western strategies are not working for Russian agriculture. To determine why the reforms suggested by Western experts for Russian reformers are either faltering or ignored, the World Bank invited several Russian scholars to submit papers on a variety of rural and social development themes. The scholars' contributions varied from national to local in scope and used rural economic, sociological, political, and demographic analysis to reach their conclusions. Some of their observations were consistent with those of World Bank experts; others, surprisingly, differ substantially from Bank findings. Although the World Bank perspective has been published elsewhere and circulated widely, this volume benefits from the unique perspective of these Russian academicians. In publishing these papers, the editor hopes to stimulate dialogue to assist the Bank in addressing the pressing issues facing rural communities in Russia.
Book Synopsis Reflecting Transformation in Post-socialist Rural Areas by : Maarit Heinonen
Download or read book Reflecting Transformation in Post-socialist Rural Areas written by Maarit Heinonen and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rural reforms in many post-soviet countries produced a number of unintended consequences. The reforms were guided by ideals of romanticized society of family farmers; they were to be the basis of the rural middle-class, together with owners of non-agricultural SME’s, acting as guardians of democracy and common good. The guidelines were set by advisers from World Bank and IMF, who preferred family farms or individual farms over the collective enterprises. In most countries the result was nothing like those envisaged by reformers. Instead of efficient and productive family farms, the result was almost complete de-capitalization of agriculture and collapse of production. The reform was destructive not only as far as production is concerned, but more importantly to rural communities. Social ties, which were based on the collective farm as the main economic and social resource for local community, were eroded. Only from the turn of this decade some early stages have been visible of new developments in economic and social life in post-socialist rural areas. The result is that now, more than fifteen years since the beginning of agricultural reforms, the key agricultural producers in Russia, Baltic countries and elsewhere are very large capitalist farms or large agricultural holding companies. This anthology is based on the presentations given at the 5th Aleksanteri Conference 10 – 11 November 2005 in Helsinki, Finland, and it is devoted to the analysis of some of these issues. The volume is divided into two parts, in the first part the focus is on the patterns and problems of transformation of post-socialist agriculture and agricultural policies while the second part is focuses mainly on efforts to revitalize rural communities and issues of local development.
Book Synopsis Assisting Russia's Transition by : Gianni Zanini
Download or read book Assisting Russia's Transition written by Gianni Zanini and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This evaluation assesses the development effectiveness of the World Bank's lending and non-lending assistance to the Russian Federation since 1991, a 10-year period of tumultuous political, economic, and social change. This report concludes that an assistance strategy, concentrating on analytical and advisory services with limited financial support for Russia, would have been more appropriate than one involving large volumes of adjustment lending.
Book Synopsis Dilemmas of Transition in Post-Soviet Countries by : Joel C. Moses
Download or read book Dilemmas of Transition in Post-Soviet Countries written by Joel C. Moses and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2003 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the tensions inherent in transition, this perceptive book offers a wide-ranging overview of the impact of democracy and capitalism on the former Soviet republics. Leading scholars assess the region's daunting problems in the key realms of privatization, democratization, foreign investment, agrarian reform, local governance, and market economics. The contributors argue that the central dilemma facing all these fledgling countries is the inherent contradiction between the immediate pursuit of privatization and foreign investment and the long-term policy goal of democratization. Offering both theoretical and comparative perspectives on the far-reaching implications of nation-building and democratic transition, this valuable study will enable both students and scholars to comprehend the unique difficulties of transition.
Book Synopsis Measuring Social and Economic Change in Rural Russia by : David J. O'Brien
Download or read book Measuring Social and Economic Change in Rural Russia written by David J. O'Brien and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2006 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measuring Social and Economic Change in Rural Russia is based upon nine household surveys in seven rural regions of Russia from 1991 to 2003; including a four wave panel study over an eight-year period. The findings that O'Brien and Patsiorkovsky share in this important work are the only long-term indicators of how ordinary people have learned to adapt to an economic system that was thrust upon them when the Soviet Union collapsed. Three main themes are explored: the relationship between formal and informal institutional change; regional responses to reforms; and the impact of household labor, social networks and community involvement, and physical capital on inequality in material, social, and psychological conditions. This comprehensive study's conceptual and interdisciplinary approach will appeal to anyone interested in the transition of countries from socialist to market economies.
Book Synopsis Agriculture in Transition by : Zvi Lerman
Download or read book Agriculture in Transition written by Zvi Lerman and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2004 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Agriculture in Transition: Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Post Soviet Countries authors Zvi Lerman, Csaba Csaki, and Gershon Feder study the land policies and farming structures of these newly emerging nations as components of institutional change in the rural sector - change from a centralized rural economy to a market-oriented economy.
Book Synopsis Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Transition Countries by : Zvi Lerman
Download or read book Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Transition Countries written by Zvi Lerman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Continuity And Change In Rural Russia A Geographical Perspective by : Gregory Ioffe
Download or read book Continuity And Change In Rural Russia A Geographical Perspective written by Gregory Ioffe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-23 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contrary to the viewpoint of many Western scholars, the authors of this penetrating analysis argue that private farming is not a viable option in Russia's future. Instead, a convergence of Soviet-style subsidiary farming with traditional and reorganized collective farms is the most plausible path of evolution in most rural areas.Grigory Ioffe and Tatyana Nefedova arrive at this conclusion by a careful examination of ongoing reform efforts in Russian agriculture against the backdrop of European and Russian agrarian history and rural spatial development since the late nineteenth century. The comparisons at the national level are then filled in with consideration of a number of Russian provinces (oblasti) and regions (raiony). Their research reveals the substantial negative impact of rural depopulation on the Russian agrarian economy. Seventy original maps richly complement and support the narrative.
Book Synopsis Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia by : David J. O'Brien
Download or read book Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia written by David J. O'Brien and published by Woodrow Wilson Center Press. This book was released on 2002-03-20 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia reviews change in agricultural and rural life since 1990 through historical, political, sociological, and anthropological investigation. The contributors' interest is not so much in agriculture itself but in agrarian issues such as the relationship between rural interests and changing Russian institutions, the economic and social organization of rural households, and the quality of life in rural families and villages.
Download or read book A Guide to the World Bank written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Bank Group works in more than 100 developing economies and is one of the world's largest sources of development assistance. In 2002, the institution provided US $19.5 billion in loans to its client countries. This guide reviews the organisation's history, objectives and operations, and looks at the five institutions that make up the World Bank Group: the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID).
Book Synopsis Agrarian Reform in Russia by : Carol S. Leonard
Download or read book Agrarian Reform in Russia written by Carol S. Leonard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-06 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of reforms and major state interventions affecting Russian agriculture: the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the Stolypin reforms, the NEP, the Collectivization, Khrushchev reforms, and finally farm enterprise privatization in the early 1990s. It shows a pattern emerging from a political imperative in imperial, Soviet, and post-Soviet regimes, and it describes how these reforms were justified in the name of the national interest during severe crises - rapid inflation, military defeat, mass strikes, rural unrest, and/or political turmoil. It looks at the consequences of adversity in the economic environment for rural behavior after reform and at long-run trends. It has chapters on property rights, rural organization, and technological change. It provides a new database for measuring agricultural productivity from 1861 to 1913 and updates these estimates to the present. This book is a study of the policies aimed at reorganizing rural production and their effectiveness in transforming institutions.
Book Synopsis Food Policy and Food Security by : Stephen K. Wegren
Download or read book Food Policy and Food Security written by Stephen K. Wegren and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2018-03-28 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive analysis of Russian food policy. Food policy is defined as the way government policy influences food production and distribution. Russia’s food policy is important for several reasons. The first and most obvious reason is that a dysfunctional food policy is symptomatic of larger political and societal problems. A failing food policy is often the precursor to political instability. Russian food policy is also important is due to the agricultural recovery since 2004 that has allowed Russia to become self-sufficient in grain production. Being food-sufficient in grain means that Russia is not drawing upon global grain supply. Even more important, Russia now produces surpluses and has become a global grain supplier. Moreover, the agricultural recovery has made the country food secure, traditionally defined as having enough food for a healthy life. An analysis of food policy reveals that the structure of food production has changed with the emergence of mega-farms called agroholdings that are horizontally and vertically integrated. Agroholdings represent a concentration of capital and land, with a small number of farms producing large percentages of total food output. The book explores alternatives to the industrial agricultural model by discussing different variants of sustainable agriculture. A final importance of Russian food policy concerns food trade. Russia has become more protectionist since 2012. The food embargo against Western nations (2014-2017) is one example, so too is import substitution that is a core component of food policy. The book demonstrates the politicalization of external food trade. Food trade and denial of access to the Russian market is used as an instrument of foreign policy to punish countries with whom Russia has disagreements. Current Russian policymakers have food resources to augment, support, and extend national interests abroad. Russia historically has cycled through periods of integration and isolation from the West. This book raises the question whether a new normal has arisen that is characterized by the permanent withdrawal from integration, as evidenced by its nationalist and protectionist food policy. The book is entirely original, rich in detail and broad in scope. It is based on field work, survey data, a wide reading of primary sources and the secondary literature, all of which are linked to important policy questions in development studies and food studies. It is destined to become a classic book on Russian food policy.
Book Synopsis Food Security in the Russian Federation by : David J. Sedik
Download or read book Food Security in the Russian Federation written by David J. Sedik and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2003 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Russian Federation experienced a fall in GDP per capita of nearly 50 per cent during the 1990s, and following the sudden fall in value of the rouble in 1998, international concerns grew over to the rising level of food insecurity and poverty in the country. This report has been produced as part of a FAO technical assistance project, and examines the state of food security in the Russian Federation and the prospects for addressing these challenges in the future. Issues discussed include: the changes in agricultural production during the 1990s, the main indicators of food availability and access to food by the population, public nutrition and diet, and the outlook for improvements in the future.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Finance and Credit Infrastructure in Transition Economies Focus on South Eastern Europe - Proceedings of OECD Expert Meeting, Portoroz, Slovenia, May 2001 by : OECD
Download or read book Agricultural Finance and Credit Infrastructure in Transition Economies Focus on South Eastern Europe - Proceedings of OECD Expert Meeting, Portoroz, Slovenia, May 2001 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2001-09-24 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - What has been achieved in rural finance and institutional reform during more than a decade of transition and what challenges remain? - What are the special needs of South Eastern European countries to attract agricultural credit and finance to ...
Book Synopsis Land Reform in Russia by : Stephen K. Wegren
Download or read book Land Reform in Russia written by Stephen K. Wegren and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2009-11-24 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ambitious work is the definitive account of Russia's land reform initiatives from the late 1980s to today. In Russia, a country controlling more land than any other nation, land ownership is central to structures of power, class division, and agricultural production. The aim of Russian land reform for the past thirty years--to undo the collectivization of the Soviet era and encourage public ownership--has been largely unsuccessful. To understand this failure, Stephen Wegren examines contemporary land reform policies in terms of legislation, institutional structure, and human behavior. Using extensive survey data, he analyzes household behaviors in regard to land ownership and usage based on socioeconomic status, family size, demographic distribution, and regional differences. Wegren's study is important and timely, as Russian land reform will have a profound effect on Russia's ability to compete in an era of globalization.
Book Synopsis From Marx and Mao to the Market by : Johan F. M. Swinnen
Download or read book From Marx and Mao to the Market written by Johan F. M. Swinnen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-01-26 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of China as a global economic powerhouse, the uncertain path of Russia towards a market economy, and the integration of ten Central and Eastern European countries into the European Union (EU) have occupied the minds and agendas of many policy-makers, business leaders and scholars from around the world at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first century. Twenty years ago these developments were unimaginable. The impact of these changes is so vast that the importance of understanding the forces that unleashed this process, how these changes became possible, and what the lessons are for other developing countries, cannot be overestimated. This book is the first effort to analyze the economics and politics of agricultural reforms by comparing the reform processes, their causes and their effects across this vast region. The authors draw on a vast set of studies and new data, which compare reforms and economic impacts in more than 25 countries, to come up with a series of conclusions and implications on the role of economic reforms in growth, and the importance of initial conditions and political constraints in explaining the choices that were made and their effects. The book analyzes some of the most successful sets of agricultural policies in history that have lifted people out of poverty, raising productivity and incomes by staggering amounts. At the same time the book explains the reasons behind dramatic failures in policy processes and reforms that caused hunger, poverty and which had devastating effects on economic growth and development for millions of other people.
Book Synopsis Livestock Farming Systems in Central and Eastern Europe by : A. Gibon
Download or read book Livestock Farming Systems in Central and Eastern Europe written by A. Gibon and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the potential of Livestock Farming Systems (LFS) research to assess and understand the diversity of livestock farming systems in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). LFS research based on systemic modelling has improved the understanding of livestock production realities at farm level and influenced agricultural development strategies in Western Europe. Researchers from both Western and Eastern Europe carried out this initial study, which was coordinated and sponsored under a collaborative agreement between EAAP and FAO, and was run in selected regions in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and the Slovak Republic. The results and conclusions of the study are reported in the book, together with the other contributions of interest with respect to the sustainable development of livestock production in CEE presented and discussed during a workshop in Budapest in August 2001. The results of the study demonstrate the adaptability of LFS research to systems predominantly based on large-scale private, corporate and co-operative farms in the CEE countries.
