Roman Rule and Civic Life: Local and Regional Perspectives

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004401652
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Roman Rule and Civic Life: Local and Regional Perspectives by : Luuk de Ligt

Download or read book Roman Rule and Civic Life: Local and Regional Perspectives written by Luuk de Ligt and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-05-27 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: I. INSTRUMENTS OF IMPERIAL RULE. ECK, W.: Lateinisch, Griechisch, Germanisch ...? Wie sprach Rom met seinen Untertanen? TALBERT, R.: Rome’s provinces as framework for world-view. KOKKINIA, C.: Ruling, inducing, arguing: how to govern (and survive) a Greek province. SLOOTJES, D.: The governor as benefactor in Late Antiquity. LIGT, L. DE: Direct taxation in western Asia Minor under the early Empire. II. CONQUEST AND ITS EFFECTS BIRLEY, A.: Britain 71-105: advance and retrenchment. ROSSUM, J.A.. VAN: The end of the Batavian auxiliaries as ‘national’ units. COULSTON, J.C.N.: Military identity and personal self-identity in the Roman army. BRUUN, C.: The legend of Decebalus. III. ROMANIZATION AND ITS LIMITS LOMAS, K.: Funerary epigraphy and the impact of Rome in Italy. BINTLIFF, J.L.: Town and chôra of Thespiae in the imperial age. ELTON, H.: Romanization and some Cilician cults. HESBERG, H. VON: Grabmonumente als Zeichen des sozialen Aufstiegs der neuen Eliten in den germanischen Provinzen. HAAN, N. DE: Living like the Romans? Some remarks on domestic architecture in North Africa and Britain. IV. URBAN ELITES AND CIVIC LIFE VRIES, T. DE & W.J. ZWALVE: Roman actuarial science and Ulpian’s life expectancy table. KRIECKHAUS, A.: Duae Patriae? C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus zwischen germana patria und urbs. STRUBBE, J.H.M.: Cultic honours for benefactors in Asia Minor. HORSTER, M.: Substitutes for emperors and members of the imperial families as local magistrates. DONDIN-PAYRE, M.: Notables et élites dans les Trois Gaules. BRANCO, M. DI: Entre Amphion et Achille: réalité et mythologie de la défense d’Athènes du IIIe au IVe siècle. NAVARRO CABALLERO, M.: L’élite, les femmes et l’argent dans les provinces hispaniques. HIRSCHMANN, V.: Methodische Überlegungen zu Frauen in antiken Vereinen. HEMELRIJK, E.: Patronage of cities: the role of women.

Roman Rule and Civic Life

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Author :
Publisher : Impact of Empire
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Roman Rule and Civic Life by : Impact of Empire (Organization). Workshop

Download or read book Roman Rule and Civic Life written by Impact of Empire (Organization). Workshop and published by Impact of Empire. This book was released on 2004 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: I. INSTRUMENTS OF IMPERIAL RULE. ECK, W.: Lateinisch, Griechisch, Germanisch ...? Wie sprach Rom met seinen Untertanen? TALBERT, R.: Rome's provinces as framework for world-view. KOKKINIA, C.: Ruling, inducing, arguing: how to govern (and survive) a Greek province. SLOOTJES, D.: The governor as benefactor in Late Antiquity. LIGT, L. DE: Direct taxation in western Asia Minor under the early Empire. II. CONQUEST AND ITS EFFECTS BIRLEY, A.: Britain 71-105: advance and retrenchment. ROSSUM, J.A.. VAN: The end of the Batavian auxiliaries as 'national' units. COULSTON, J.C.N.: Military identity and personal self-identity in the Roman army. BRUUN, C.: The legend of Decebalus. III. ROMANIZATION AND ITS LIMITS LOMAS, K.: Funerary epigraphy and the impact of Rome in Italy. BINTLIFF, J.L.: Town and chôra of Thespiae in the imperial age. ELTON, H.: Romanization and some Cilician cults. HESBERG, H. VON: Grabmonumente als Zeichen des sozialen Aufstiegs der neuen Eliten in den germanischen Provinzen. HAAN, N. DE: Living like the Romans? Some remarks on domestic architecture in North Africa and Britain. IV. URBAN ELITES AND CIVIC LIFE VRIES, T. DE & W.J. ZWALVE: Roman actuarial science and Ulpian's life expectancy table. KRIECKHAUS, A.: Duae Patriae? C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus zwischen germana patria und urbs. STRUBBE, J.H.M.: Cultic honours for benefactors in Asia Minor. HORSTER, M.: Substitutes for emperors and members of the imperial families as local magistrates. DONDIN-PAYRE, M.: Notables et élites dans les Trois Gaules. BRANCO, M. DI: Entre Amphion et Achille: réalité et mythologie de la défense d'Athènes du IIIe au IVe siècle. NAVARRO CABALLERO, M.: L'élite, les femmes et l'argent dans les provinces hispaniques. HIRSCHMANN, V.: Methodische Überlegungen zu Frauen in antiken Vereinen. HEMELRIJK, E.: Patronage of cities: the role of women.

Roman Rule and Jewish Life

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Author :
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110770431
Total Pages : 639 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Roman Rule and Jewish Life by : Hannah M. Cotton

Download or read book Roman Rule and Jewish Life written by Hannah M. Cotton and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-03-07 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hannah M Cotton’s collected papers focus on questions which have fascinated her for over four decades: the concrete relationships between law, language, administration and everyday life in Judaea and Nabataea in particular, and in the Roman world as a whole. Many of the papers, especially those devoted to the Judean Desert documents of the 2nd century CE have been widely cited. Others, having appeared in less accessible publications, may not have received the attention they deserve. On the whole, rather than addressing the grand narratives of world or national history, they look at the texture of life, seeking to provide tentative answers to historical questions and interpretations by paying fine attention to the details of literary and, especially, documentary evidence. Taken together they illuminate fundamental, often legal, questions concerning daily life and the exercise of Roman rule and administration in the early imperial period, and especially, their impact on life as it was lived in the province and the period where Roman and Jewish history fatefully intersected. The volume includes a complete bibliography of her publications.

The Relationship between Roman and Local Law in the Babatha and Salome Komaise Archives

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9047421361
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relationship between Roman and Local Law in the Babatha and Salome Komaise Archives by : Carolien Oudshoorn

Download or read book The Relationship between Roman and Local Law in the Babatha and Salome Komaise Archives written by Carolien Oudshoorn and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007-08-31 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of the Babatha archive provided scholars with unique opportunities for reconstructing the life of Jews in second-century Arabia. Although legal issues and especially the question of the relationship between Roman and local law have received attention in a number of publications, this study presents the first complete overview of the legal situation as presented in the Babatha as well as the Salome Komaise archive, using references to law in the documents' texts as the key element for understanding what law is applicable to these documents. By distinguishing between two levels in the papyri, of substantive and of formal law, a new understanding is reached of the part both Roman and local law played in legal reality.

Man of High Empire

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199948208
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Man of High Empire by : Roy K. Gibson

Download or read book Man of High Empire written by Roy K. Gibson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pliny the Younger (c. 60-112 C.E.)--senator and consul in the Rome of emperors Domitian and Trajan, eyewitness to the eruption of Vesuvius in 79, and early 'persecutor' of Christians on the Black Sea--remains Rome's best documented private individual between Cicero and Augustine. No Roman writer, not even Vergil, ties his identity to the regions of Italy more successfully than Pliny. His individuality can be captured by focusing on the range of locales in which he lived: from his hometown of Comum (Como) at the foot of the Italian Alps, down through the villa and farms he owned in Umbria, to the senate and courtrooms of Rome and the magnificent residence he owned on the coast near the capital. Organized geographically, Man of High Empire is the first full-scale biography devoted solely to the Younger Pliny. Reserved, punctilious, occasionally patronizing, and perhaps inclined to overvalue his achievements, Pliny has seemed to some the ancient equivalent of Mr. Collins, the unctuous vicar of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice. Roy K. Gibson reveals a man more complex than this unfair comparison suggests. An innovating landowner in Umbria and a deeply generous benefactor in Comum, Pliny is also a consul who plays with words in Rome and dispenses summary justice in the provinces. A solicitous, if rather traditional, husband in northern Italy, Pliny is also a literary modernist in Rome, and--more surprisingly--a secret pessimist about Trajan, the 'best' of emperors. Pliny's life is a window on to the Empire at its zenith. The book concludes with an archaeological tour guide of the sites associated with Pliny.

Rivers and the Power of Ancient Rome

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Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 080786904X
Total Pages : 606 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Rivers and the Power of Ancient Rome by : Brian Campbell

Download or read book Rivers and the Power of Ancient Rome written by Brian Campbell and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Figuring in myth, religion, law, the military, commerce, and transportation, rivers were at the heart of Rome's increasing exploitation of the environment of the Mediterranean world. In Rivers and the Power of Ancient Rome, Brian Campbell explores the role and influence of rivers and their surrounding landscape on the society and culture of the Roman Empire. Examining artistic representations of rivers, related architecture, and the work of ancient geographers and topographers, as well as writers who describe rivers, Campbell reveals how Romans defined the geographical areas they conquered and how geography and natural surroundings related to their society and activities. In addition, he illuminates the prominence and value of rivers in the control and expansion of the Roman Empire--through the legal regulation of riverine activities, the exploitation of rivers in military tactics, and the use of rivers as routes of communication and movement. Campbell shows how a technological understanding of--and even mastery over--the forces of the river helped Rome rise to its central place in the ancient world.

The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199714428
Total Pages : 929 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy by : Christer Bruun

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy written by Christer Bruun and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 929 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epigraphy, or the study of inscriptions, is critical for anyone seeking to understand the Roman world, whether they regard themselves as literary scholars, historians, archaeologists, anthropologists, religious scholars or work in a field that touches on the Roman world from c. 500 BCE to 500 CE and beyond. The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy is the fullest collection of scholarship on the study and history of Latin epigraphy produced to date. Rather that just a collection of inscriptions, however, this volume seeks to show why inscriptions matter and demonstrate to classicists and ancient historians how to work with the sources. To that end, the 35 chapters, written by senior and rising scholars in Roman history, classics, and epigraphy, cover everything from typograph to the importance of inscriptions for understanding many aspects of Roman culture, from Roman public life, to slavery, to the roles and lives of women, to the military, and to life in the provinces. Students and scholars alike will find the Handbook a crritical tool for expanding their knowledge of the Roman world.

A Companion to the Roman Republic

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1405172037
Total Pages : 776 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to the Roman Republic by : Nathan Rosenstein

Download or read book A Companion to the Roman Republic written by Nathan Rosenstein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Companion provides an authoritative and up-to-date overview of Roman Republican history as it is currently practiced. Highlights recent developments, including archaeological discoveries, fresh approaches to textual sources, and the opening up of new areas of historical study Retains the drama of the Republic’s rise and fall Emphasizes not just the evidence of texts and physical remains, but also the models and assumptions that scholars bring to these artefacts Looks at the role played by the physical geography and environment of Italy Offers a compact but detailed narrative of military and political developments from the birth of the Roman Republic through to the death of Julius Caesar Discusses current controversies in the field

Mercury's Wings

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190663286
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Mercury's Wings by : Richard J. A. Talbert

Download or read book Mercury's Wings written by Richard J. A. Talbert and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury's Wings: Exploring Modes of Communication in the Ancient World is the first-ever volume of essays devoted to ancient communications. Comparable previous work has been mainly confined to articles on aspects of communication in the Roman empire. This set of 18 essays with an introduction by the co-editors marks a milestone, therefore, that demonstrates the importance and rich further potential of the topic. The authors, who include art historians, Assyriologists, Classicists and Egyptologists, take the broad view of communications as a vehicle not just for the transmission of information, but also for the conduct of religion, commerce, and culture. Encompassed within this scope are varied purposes of communication such as propaganda and celebration, as well as profit and administration. Each essay deals with a communications network, or with a means or type of communication, or with the special features of religious communication or communication in and among large empires. The spatial, temporal, and cultural boundaries of the volume take in the Near East as well as Greece and Rome, and cover a period of some 2,000 years beginning in the second millennium BCE and ending with the spread of Christianity during the last centuries of the Roman Empire in the West. In all, about one quarter of the essays deal with the Near East, one quarter with Greece, one quarter with Greece and Rome together, and one quarter with the Roman empire and its Persian and Indian rivals. Some essays concern topics in cultural history, such as Greek music and Roman art; some concern economic history in both Mesopotamia and Rome; and some concern traditional historical topics such as diplomacy and war in the Mediterranean world. Each essay draws on recent work in the theory of communications.

An Imperial Possession

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Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101160403
Total Pages : 709 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis An Imperial Possession by : David Mattingly

Download or read book An Imperial Possession written by David Mattingly and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2008-05-27 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the Penguin History of Britain series, An Imperial Possession is the first major narrative history of Roman Britain for a generation. David Mattingly draws on a wealth of new findings and knowledge to cut through the myths and misunderstandings that so commonly surround our beliefs about this period. From the rebellious chiefs and druids who led native British resistance, to the experiences of the Roman military leaders in this remote, dangerous outpost of Europe, this book explores the reality of life in occupied Britain within the context of the shifting fortunes of the Roman Empire.

For Your Sake He Became Poor

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Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110723948
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis For Your Sake He Became Poor by : Georges Massinelli

Download or read book For Your Sake He Became Poor written by Georges Massinelli and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pauline collection for the poor in Jerusalem is the most famous example of financial support for geographically distant groups in early Christianity. Recent assessments of the Pauline collection have focused on patronage to explain the social relations between Jerusalem and the Pauline groups and the strategies adopted by Paul. Through a comparison with the Greco-Roman world and a close reading of the texts, this study challenges the recent approach and proposes that other factors shaped Paul’s stance. Paul was interested in reassuring the Corinthians about the financial outcome of the collection and dispelling doubts that he might take advantage of them. The collection was an action modeled on divine generosity and an exchange within a reciprocal relationship between Christian groups. This study also surveys intergroup support between Christian groups in the first three centuries CE. This practice involved churches from most of the Mediterranean Basin and was known even outside of Christian circles. Transfers of money were organized according to a consistent pattern modeled on local charitable practices. The Pauline collection had similar characteristics and can be seen as part of this widespread economic practice.

Simulating Roman Economies

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192857827
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Simulating Roman Economies by : Associate Professor Classical Archaeology and Centre for Urban Network Evolutions (Urbnet) Tom Brughmans

Download or read book Simulating Roman Economies written by Associate Professor Classical Archaeology and Centre for Urban Network Evolutions (Urbnet) Tom Brughmans and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-14 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of formal modelling and computational simulation in studies of the Roman economy has become more common over the last decade. But detailed critical evaluations of this innovative approach are still missing and much needed. What kinds of insights about the Roman economy can it lead to that could not have been obtained through more established approaches, and how do simulation methods constructively enhance research processes in Roman Studies? This edited volume addresses this need through critical discussion and convincing examples. It presents the Roman economy as a highly complex system, traditionally studied through critical examinations of material and textual sources, and understood through a wealth of diverging theories. A key contribution of simulation lies in its ability to formally represent diverse theories of Roman economic phenomena, and test them against empirical evidence. Critical simulation studies rely on collaboration across Roman data, theory, and method specialisms, and can constructively enhance multivocality of theoretical debates of the Roman economy. This potential is illustrated, avoiding computational and mathematical language, through simulation studies of a wealth of Roman economic phenomena: from maritime trade and terrestrial transport infrastructures, through the economic impacts of the Antonine Plague and demography, to local cult economies and grain trade. Through these examples and discussions, this volume aims to provide the common ground, guidance, and inspiration needed to make simulation methods part of the tools of the trade in Roman Studies, and to allow them to make constructive contributions to our understanding of the Roman economy.

A Place at the Altar

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069120232X
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis A Place at the Altar by : Meghan J. DiLuzio

Download or read book A Place at the Altar written by Meghan J. DiLuzio and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Place at the Altar illuminates a previously underappreciated dimension of religion in ancient Rome: the role of priestesses in civic cult. Demonstrating that priestesses had a central place in public rituals and institutions, Meghan DiLuzio emphasizes the complex, gender-inclusive nature of Roman priesthood. In ancient Rome, priestly service was a cooperative endeavor, requiring men and women, husbands and wives, and elite Romans and slaves to work together to manage the community's relationship with its gods. Like their male colleagues, priestesses offered sacrifices on behalf of the Roman people, and prayed for the community’s well-being. As they carried out their ritual obligations, they were assisted by female cult personnel, many of them slave women. DiLuzio explores the central role of the Vestal Virgins and shows that they occupied just one type of priestly office open to women. Some priestesses, including the flaminica Dialis, the regina sacrorum, and the wives of the curial priests, served as part of priestly couples. Others, such as the priestesses of Ceres and Fortuna Muliebris, were largely autonomous. A Place at the Altar offers a fresh understanding of how the women of ancient Rome played a leading role in public cult.

Roman Seas

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190083654
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Roman Seas by : Justin Leidwanger

Download or read book Roman Seas written by Justin Leidwanger and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing together maritime landscape studies and network analysis, this book offers an archaeological exploration of seaborne economy and connectivity across the Roman eastern Mediterranean, where the material record of shipwrecks and ports reveals multiple evolving regional and interregional systems of interaction.

Imperial Power, Provincial Government, and the Emergence of Roman Asia, 133 BCE-14 CE

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019888706X
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Imperial Power, Provincial Government, and the Emergence of Roman Asia, 133 BCE-14 CE by : Jordan

Download or read book Imperial Power, Provincial Government, and the Emergence of Roman Asia, 133 BCE-14 CE written by Jordan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-01-09 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What ambitions lay behind Roman provincial governance? How did these change over time and in response to local conditions? To what extent did local agents facilitate and contribute to the creation of imperial administrative institutions? The answers to these questions shape our understanding of how the Roman empire established and maintained hegemony within its provinces. This issue of imperial hegemony is particularly acute for the period during which the political apparatus of the Roman Republic was itself in crisis and flux--precisely the period during which many provinces first came under Roman control. Imperial Power, Provincial Government, and the Emergence of Roman Asia, 133 BCE-14 CE uses a case study of the province of Asia to focus closely on the formation and evolution of the Roman empire's administrative institutions. Comparatively well-excavated, Asia's rich epigraphy lends itself to this detailed study, while the region's long history of autonomous civic diplomacy and engagement with a range of Roman actors provide vital evidence for assessing the ways in which Roman empire and hegemony affected conditions on the ground in the province. Asia's unique history, moving from allied kingdom to regularly assigned provincia to a reconquered and reorganized territory, offers an insight into the complex workings of institutional formation. From an investigation of the institutions which emerged in the province over a long first century (133 BCE-14 CE), Bradley Jordan considers the discursive power of official utterances of the Roman state, and the strategies employed by local actors to negotiate a favourable relationship with the empire.

Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome, second edition

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Author :
Publisher : Oxbow Books
ISBN 13 : 1785703951
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (857 download)

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Book Synopsis Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome, second edition by : M. C. Bishop

Download or read book Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome, second edition written by M. C. Bishop and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2006-04-22 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rome's rise to empire is often said to have owed much to the efficiency and military skill of her armies and their technological superiority over barbarian enemies. But just how 'advanced' was Roman military equipment? What were its origins and how did it evolve? The authors of this book have gathered a wealth of evidence from all over the Roman Empire - excavated examples as well as pictorial and documentary sources - to present a picture of what range of equipment would be available at any given time, what it would look like and how it would function. They examine how certain pieces were adopted from Rome's enemies and adapted to particular conditions of warfare prevailing in different parts of the Empire. They also investigate in detail the technology of military equipment and the means by which it was produced, and discuss wider questions such as the status of the soldier in Roman society. Both the specially prepared illustrations and the text have been completely revised for the second edition of this detailed and authoritative handbook, bringing it up to date with the very latest research. It illustrates each element in the equipment of the Roman soldier, from his helmet to his boots, his insignia, his tools and his weapons. This book will appeal to archaeologists, ancient and military historians as well as the generally informed and inquisitive reader.

Commanders and Command in the Roman Republic and Early Empire

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Author :
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469621274
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Commanders and Command in the Roman Republic and Early Empire by : Fred K. Drogula

Download or read book Commanders and Command in the Roman Republic and Early Empire written by Fred K. Drogula and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2015-04-13 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Fred Drogula studies the development of Roman provincial command using the terms and concepts of the Romans themselves as reference points. Beginning in the earliest years of the republic, Drogula argues, provincial command was not a uniform concept fixed in positive law but rather a dynamic set of ideas shaped by traditional practice. Therefore, as the Roman state grew, concepts of authority, control over territory, and military power underwent continual transformation. This adaptability was a tremendous resource for the Romans since it enabled them to respond to new military challenges in effective ways. But it was also a source of conflict over the roles and definitions of power. The rise of popular politics in the late republic enabled men like Pompey and Caesar to use their considerable influence to manipulate the flexible traditions of military command for their own advantage. Later, Augustus used nominal provincial commands to appease the senate even as he concentrated military and governing power under his own control by claiming supreme rule. In doing so, he laid the groundwork for the early empire's rules of command.