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Role Of Visual Orthographic
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Book Synopsis The Varieties of Orthographic Knowledge by : V.W. Berninger
Download or read book The Varieties of Orthographic Knowledge written by V.W. Berninger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of orthography in reading and writing is not a new topic of inquiry. For example, in 1970 Venezky made a seminal contribution with The Structure of English Orthography in which he showed how both sequential redundancy (probable and permissible letter sequences) and rules of letter-sound correspondence contribute to orthographic structure. In 1980 Ehri introduced the concept of orthographic images, that is, the representation of written words in memory, and proposed that the image is created by an amalgamation of the word's orthographic and phonological properties. In 1981 Taylor described the evolution of orthographies in writing systems-from the earliest logographies for pictorial representation of ideas to syllabaries for phonetic representation of sounds to alphabets for phonemic representation of sounds. In 1985 Frith proposed a stage model for the role of orthographic knowledge in development of word recognition: Initially in the logographic stage a few words can be recognized on the basis of partial spelling information; in the alphabetic stage words are. recognized on the basis of grapheme-phoneme correspondence; in the orthographic stage spelling units are recognized automatically without phonological mediation. For an historical overview of research on visual processing of written language spanning the earliest records of writing to the early work in experimental psychology, see Venezky (1993).
Download or read book Letter and Word Perception written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-06-05 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Letter and Word Perception
Book Synopsis The Role of Orthographic and Phonological Code in Visual Word Recognition by : T. C. Sim
Download or read book The Role of Orthographic and Phonological Code in Visual Word Recognition written by T. C. Sim and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Visual Word Recognition Volume 1 by : James S. Adelman
Download or read book Visual Word Recognition Volume 1 written by James S. Adelman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Word recognition is the component of reading which involves the identification of individual words. Together the two volumes of Visual Word Recognition offer a state-of-the-art overview of contemporary research from leading figures in the field. This first volume outlines established theory, new models and key experimental evidence used to investigate visual word recognition: lexical decision and word naming. It also considers methodological concerns: new developments in large databases, and how these have been applied to theoretical questions; and control considerations when dealing with words as stimuli. Finally, the book considers the visual-orthographic input to the word recognition system: from the left and right-hand sides of vision, through the processing of letters and their proximity, to the similarity and confusability of words, and the contribution of the spoken-phonological form of the word. The two volumes serve as a state-of-the-art, comprehensive overview of the field. They are essential reading for researchers of visual word recognition, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students of cognition and cognitive psychology, specifically the psychology of language and reading. They will also be of use to those working in education and speech-language therapy.
Book Synopsis Visual Processes in Reading and Reading Disabilities by : Dale M. Willows
Download or read book Visual Processes in Reading and Reading Disabilities written by Dale M. Willows and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last 25 years, reading processes have been the focus of an enormous amount of research in experimental psychology as well as in other disciplines. The theories and models emerging from this research have greatly advanced understanding of both normal acquisition and of reading disabilities. Although great progress has been made, there are certain aspects that have been relatively neglected in the current understanding. Specifically, the role of visual factors has received less attention than that of other component processes. This is particularly surprising since reading and writing are distinct from the other language processes of speaking and listening in large part by virtue of the fact that a visual dimension is involved. Relevant research is broadly scattered both geographically and in terms of disciplines, and there have been no major reviews or books concerned with the visual dimension of reading and reading disabilities. The purpose of this book is to bring together a broad range of evidence that concerns the role of visual information in reading and reading disabilities. Because reading processes are of central interest to cognitive scientists, neuropsychologists, psycholinguists, clinicians, and educators, this book should draw a very broad readership.
Book Synopsis The Varieties of Orthographic Knowledge by : V.W. Berninger
Download or read book The Varieties of Orthographic Knowledge written by V.W. Berninger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of orthography in reading and writing is not a new topic of inquiry. For example, in 1970 Venezky made a seminal contribution with The Structure of English Orthography in which he showed how both sequential redundancy (probable and permissible letter sequences) and rules of letter-sound correspondence contribute to orthographic structure. In 1972 Kavanagh and Mattingly edited Language by Eye and by Ear which contained important linguistic studies of the orthographic system. In 1980 Ehri introduced the concept of orthographic images, that is, the representation of written words in memory, and proposed that the image is created by an amalgamation of the word's orthographic and phonological In 1981 Taylor described the evolution of properties. orthographies in writing systems-from the earliest logographies for pictorial representation of ideas to syllabaries for phonetic representation of sounds to alphabets for phonemic representation of sounds. In 1985 Frith proposed a stage model for the role of orthographic knowledge in development of word recognition: Initially in the logographic stage a few words can be recognized on the basis of partial spelling information; in the alphabetic stage words are recognized on the basis of grapheme-phoneme correspondence; in the orthographic stage spelling units are recognized automatically without phonological mediation. In 1990 Adams applied connectionism to an analysis of the orthographic processing of skilled readers: letter patterns emerge from the association units linking individual letters.
Book Synopsis Visual Word Recognition by : James S. Adelman
Download or read book Visual Word Recognition written by James S. Adelman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Role of Orthographic Processing and Visual Perception in Dyslexic Children by : Courtney Franzway
Download or read book The Role of Orthographic Processing and Visual Perception in Dyslexic Children written by Courtney Franzway and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essentials of Assessing, Preventing, and Overcoming Reading Difficulties by : David A. Kilpatrick
Download or read book Essentials of Assessing, Preventing, and Overcoming Reading Difficulties written by David A. Kilpatrick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-10 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical, effective, evidence-based reading interventions that change students' lives Essentials of Understanding and Assessing Reading Difficulties is a practical, accessible, in-depth guide to reading assessment and intervention. It provides a detailed discussion of the nature and causes of reading difficulties, which will help develop the knowledge and confidence needed to accurately assess why a student is struggling. Readers will learn a framework for organizing testing results from current assessment batteries such as the WJ-IV, KTEA-3, and CTOPP-2. Case studies illustrate each of the concepts covered. A thorough discussion is provided on the assessment of phonics skills, phonological awareness, word recognition, reading fluency, and reading comprehension. Formatted for easy reading as well as quick reference, the text includes bullet points, icons, callout boxes, and other design elements to call attention to important information. Although a substantial amount of research has shown that most reading difficulties can be prevented or corrected, standard reading remediation efforts have proven largely ineffective. School psychologists are routinely called upon to evaluate students with reading difficulties and to make recommendations to address such difficulties. This book provides an overview of the best assessment and intervention techniques, backed by the most current research findings. Bridge the gap between research and practice Accurately assess the reason(s) why a student struggles in reading Improve reading skills using the most highly effective evidence-based techniques Reading may well be the most important thing students are taught during their school careers. It is a skill they will use every day of their lives; one that will dictate, in part, later life success. Struggling students need help now, and Essentials of Understanding and Assessing Reading Difficulties shows how to get these students on track.
Book Synopsis Visual Word Recognition Volume 1 by : James S. Adelman
Download or read book Visual Word Recognition Volume 1 written by James S. Adelman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Word recognition is the component of reading which involves the identification of individual words. Together the two volumes of Visual Word Recognition offer a state-of-the-art overview of contemporary research from leading figures in the field. This first volume outlines established theory, new models and key experimental evidence used to investigate visual word recognition: lexical decision and word naming. It also considers methodological concerns: new developments in large databases, and how these have been applied to theoretical questions; and control considerations when dealing with words as stimuli. Finally, the book considers the visual-orthographic input to the word recognition system: from the left and right-hand sides of vision, through the processing of letters and their proximity, to the similarity and confusability of words, and the contribution of the spoken-phonological form of the word. The two volumes serve as a state-of-the-art, comprehensive overview of the field. They are essential reading for researchers of visual word recognition, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students of cognition and cognitive psychology, specifically the psychology of language and reading. They will also be of use to those working in education and speech-language therapy.
Book Synopsis Theories of Reading Development by : Kate Cain
Download or read book Theories of Reading Development written by Kate Cain and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of printed words to capture language is one of the most remarkable inventions of humankind, and learning to read them is one of the most remarkable achievements of individuals. In recent decades, how we learn to read and understand printed text has been studied intensely in genetics, education, psychology, and cognitive science, and both the volume of research papers and breadth of the topics they examine have increased exponentially. Theories of Reading Development collects within a single volume state-of-the-art descriptions of important theories of reading development and disabilities. The included chapters focus on multiple aspects of reading development and are written by leading experts in the field. Each chapter is an independent theoretical review of the topic to which the authors have made a significant contribution and can be enjoyed on its own, or in relation to others in the book. The volume is written for professionals, graduate students, and researchers in education, psychology, and cognitive neuroscience. It can be used either as a core or as a supplementary text in senior undergraduate and graduate education and psychology courses focusing on reading development.
Book Synopsis ROLE OF VISUAL & ORTHOGRAPHIC by : Pun-Lok David Kwan
Download or read book ROLE OF VISUAL & ORTHOGRAPHIC written by Pun-Lok David Kwan and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Role of Visual and Orthographic Skills in Reading Among Chinese Dyslexic Children" by Pun-lok, David, Kwan, 關本樂, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled The Role of Visual and Orthographic Skills in Reading among Chinese Dyslexic Children submitted by Kwan Pun Lok, David for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in February 2004 The aims of the present studies were to investigate the importance of visual and orthographic skills in learning to read Chinese among average readers and the importance of these skills in explaining reading difficulties among Chinese dyslexic children. Study 1 examined the visual and orthographic skills of 289 Chinese average readers, ranging from grade 1 to grade 4. Results showed that visual and orthographic skills predicted reading only for younger readers at Grade 1 and 2. This pattern suggested that different reading strategies were used by children of different ages: younger readers tend to rely more on logographic word decoding which required more visual processing of graphemes, while elder readers rely more on analytic word decoding that requires less visual processing skills. In Study 2, 25 Chinese dyslexic children were compared with 35 chronological-age (CA) matched and 25 reading 2level (RL) matched readers on a variety of visual and orthographic tasks. The dyslexic children performed significantly worse than the CA group in both accuracy and speed measures of these tasks. In line with findings in Study 1, the correlation coefficients between reading and visual and orthographic accuracy scores and reading performance were not significant in both dyslexic and CA groups. On the other hand, visual and orthographic speed measures were significantly related to reading performance for both dyslexic and CA groups. We concluded that reading difficulties are related to processing speed problems, and there is an inclined importance of lower level visual skills in explaining reading skills. Study 3 examined the online reading performance of Chinese dyslexic readers using the eye tracking technique. 15 dyslexic children were compared with 30 chronological-age matched average readers on various eye movement parameters. Dyslexic children were found to have longer fixation duration and higher number of fixations, which were related to processing speed problems and the need to gain more information respectively. In addition, they were less efficient in making fixations on information regions and had more erratic scan orders while scanning through text. It is concluded that reading difficulties were related to visual and orthographic speed difficulties plus an over reliance of lower-level visual skills, and word decoding difficulties were in turn reflected in text reading difficulties. DOI: 10.5353/th_b2932596 Subjects: Chinese language - Transliteration Reading - Ability testing Word recognition Dyslexic children - China - Hong Kong
Book Synopsis The Neural Basis of Reading by : Piers Cornelissen
Download or read book The Neural Basis of Reading written by Piers Cornelissen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-28 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reading is a unique human ability that has become very pivotal for functioning in our world today. As modern societies rely extensively on literacy skills, and as reading disabilities have profound personal, economic and social consequences, it is surprising that we have a very underdeveloped scientific understanding of the neural basis of reading and visual word recognition in the normal brain. This book fills this gap in the literature by addressing some of the fundamental questions in reading research.
Book Synopsis ROLE OF PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS by : Wai-Ting Siok
Download or read book ROLE OF PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS written by Wai-Ting Siok and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Role of Phonological Awareness and Visual-orthographic Skills in Chinese Reading Acquisition" by Wai-ting, Siok, 蕭慧婷, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled 'The Role Of Phonological Awareness And Visual-Orthographic Skills In Chinese Reading Acquisition' submitted by Siok Wai Ting for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in March 2001 This study examined the role of phonological awareness and visuo- orthographic processing skills in the development of Chinese reading abilities. Research using alphabetic languages has generally shown that phonological awareness, the ability to conceive of spoken words as sequences of smaller units of sound segments, is strongly related to success in reading. In particular, phonological awareness measured at both the onset- rime and the phonemic level relates to alphabetic reading success. Written Chinese has a logographic feature where the characters map onto the morpheme and cannot be pronounced by recourse to grapheme-phoneme correspondence rules. It is likely that the nature of phonological awareness that relates to Chinese reading is different from that of English. The study recruited 154 1st to 5th graders in Beijing. Before they were taught to read Chinese characters, these subjects had learned an alphabetic script known as Hanyu Pinyin, which helps the association of a visual character form and its pronunciation in later reading acquisition. Children's performance on tests of various cognitive skills, reading ability and pinyin knowledge were examined. Specifically, phonological awareness was assessed by 4 tasks that varied in linguistic complexity (onset-rime, tonal and phonemic level) to ascertain which level of phonological units best predicts Chinese reading. These subjects were tested again one year later on measures of reading ability and pinyin knowledge to discover the longitudinal relationship of these measures with the various cognitive skills. Results using the hierarchical multiple regression and the structural equation approach showed that (1) visual skills predicted reading success at lower grades, (2) pinyin knowledge and the ability to discriminate homophonic characters were longitudinally predictive of later reading success, (3) onset-rime awareness, but not phonemic awareness, predicted Chinese reading, and (4) there was a reciprocal relationship between pinyin knowledge and reading success. These findings suggest that learning to read Chinese progresses from a logographic phase to an orthographic- phonological phase and that the nature of phonological awareness predicting reading success is contingent on the characteristics of the writing system. Moreover, this study has demonstrated the importance and effectiveness of the adoption of pinyin as a learning tool from a psychological perspective. These findings have important implications for education in Hong Kong, where no phonetic script is adopted to aid Chinese reading, unlike reading acquisition in Taiwan or Mainland China. Learning to read Chinese in Hong Kong is painstaking, which involves tremendous amount of rote memory and writing exercises, and children have difficulties in reading Chinese texts at home as there is no guidance on how to pronounce unfamiliar Chinese characters. Without teacher's or parents' help, Hong Kong children do not know the sounds of newly encountered characters, unlike Mainland children who can read with the help of pinyin. This casts doubts on the effectiveness of using Chinese as the instruction medium in Ho
Book Synopsis Developmental Dyslexia across Languages and Writing Systems by : Ludo Verhoeven
Download or read book Developmental Dyslexia across Languages and Writing Systems written by Ludo Verhoeven and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-03 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first truly systematic, multi-disciplinary, and cross-linguistic study of the language and writing system factors affecting the emergence of dyslexia.
Book Synopsis Development of Orthographic Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy by : Shane Templeton
Download or read book Development of Orthographic Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy written by Shane Templeton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume unites spelling and word recognition -- two areas that have largely remained theoretically and empirically distinct. Despite considerable advances in the investigation of processes underlying word perception and the acknowledgement of the seminal importance of lexical access in the reading and writing processes, to date the development and functioning of orthographic knowledge across both encoding and decoding contexts has rarely been explored. The book begins to fill this void by offering a coherent and unified articulation of the perceptual, linguistic, and cognitive features that characterize an individual's advancing word/orthographic knowledge, providing evidence for a common knowledge base underlying spelling in writing and word recognition in reading. From a developmental perspective, the studies and syntheses presented in this volume blend insights from psychology and language study with those from clinical and classroom observations. These insights help explain how individuals, from preschool through adolescence, develop knowledge of the orthographic system underlying word structure in English and how they apply this knowledge in actual writing and reading contexts. Implications are drawn for the assessment and teaching of spelling, vocabulary, and word analysis from primary through middle grades.
Book Synopsis Reading in the Brain by : Stanislas Dehaene
Download or read book Reading in the Brain written by Stanislas Dehaene and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2009-11-12 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A renowned cognitive neuroscientist?s fascinating and highly informative account of how the brain acquires reading How can a few black marks on a white page evoke an entire universe of sounds and meanings? In this riveting investigation, Stanislas Dehaene provides an accessible account of the brain circuitry of reading and explores what he calls the ?reading paradox?: Our cortex is the product of millions of years of evolution in a world without writing, so how did it adapt to recognize words? Reading in the Brain describes pioneering research on how we process language, revealing the hidden logic of spelling and the existence of powerful unconscious mechanisms for decoding words of any size, case, or font. Dehaene?s research will fascinate not only readers interested in science and culture, but also educators concerned with debates on how we learn to read, and who wrestle with pathologies such as dyslexia. Like Steven Pinker, Dehaene argues that the mind is not a blank slate: Writing systems across all cultures rely on the same brain circuits, and reading is only possible insofar as it fits within the limits of a primate brain. Setting cutting-edge science in the context of cultural debate, Reading in the Brain is an unparalleled guide to a uniquely human ability.
