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Role Of The Serotonergic System In The Behavioural Pharmacology Of Parkinsons Disease And Levodopa Induced Dyskinesia
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Book Synopsis Role of the Serotonergic System in the Behavioural Pharmacology of Parkinson's Disease and Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia by : Sarah Louise Nicholson
Download or read book Role of the Serotonergic System in the Behavioural Pharmacology of Parkinson's Disease and Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia written by Sarah Louise Nicholson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease by : Susan H. Fox
Download or read book Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease written by Susan H. Fox and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-08 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide a single reference source on levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) from ‘bench to bedside’. Initial chapters review the clinical features and phenomenology of LID with video examples; epidemiology and genetic risk factors for LID are covered as a background to understanding risk factors for developing LID. The following chapters cover the latest preclinical studies aiming to understand the pathophysiology of LID at the cellular, neurochemical, neurophysiological and circuitry level with detailed discussion of mechanisms and future directions to take the field forward; clinical studies from phase II to phase IV; on going RCTs in LID and evidence-based medicine reviews of treatment options. Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease is aimed at an international audience of movement disorder neurologists; neuroscientists; trainees and graduate and post-graduate students.
Book Synopsis Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson’s Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Scenarios by : Antonio Cerasa
Download or read book Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson’s Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Scenarios written by Antonio Cerasa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-13 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This topic aims to pool the most recent advances in the phenomenology and pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesias. The papers in this eBook have strongly contributed to reduce the gaps in our knowledge of LIDs pathogenesis.
Book Synopsis Serotonin- and Dopamine-mediated Neurotransmission in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease by : Philippe Huot
Download or read book Serotonin- and Dopamine-mediated Neurotransmission in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease written by Philippe Huot and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis L-dopa and the Serotonergic System by : Branden J. Stansley
Download or read book L-dopa and the Serotonergic System written by Branden J. Stansley and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to loss of dopamine neurotransmission in the striatum, and subsequent loss of motor control. L-dopa is often administered to recover motor function in PD patients; however, over time the drug efficacy decreases and debilitating side effects such as dyskinesia, mood disorders, and hallucinations occur. The therapeutic effect as well as some of the side effects of L-dopa has been credited to serotonin (5-HT) neurons. To address the mechanisms underlying the side effects of L-dopa, it was hypothesized that L-dopa forms dopamine within 5-HT neurons to produce oxidative stress and cytotoxicity, leading to 5-HT neurotransmitter deficits as well as behavioral impairments in rats. To directly test this hypothesis, initial experiments utilized serotonergic neuronal cell cultures that were incubated with L-dopa. Results illustrated that dopamine production occurred in serotonergic cells after incubation with L-dopa. Furthermore, L-dopa dose-dependently increased reactive oxygen species production and cell death, both of which were attenuated by amino-acid decarboxylase inhibition, MAO inhibition or incubation with antioxidants. The effects of L-dopa on 5-HT neurons in-vivo were also examined. Male rats were treated chronically for 10 days with L-dopa (6 mg/kg; twice daily) and killed 48 hours after the last injection to investigate the effects on 5-HT neuron number in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and 5-HT content throughout the brain. L-dopa treatment decreased the number of 5-HT neurons significantly in the caudal-dorsal sub-region of the DRN (28% decrease). Co-treatment with the anti-oxidant ascorbate (400 mg/kg) or MAO-B inhibitor deprenyl (2 mg/kg) prevented the L-dopa induced decreases in 5-HT neurons within the DRN. Furthermore, 5-HT tissue content was decreased significantly in the dorsal DRN and prefrontal cortex (PFC) by L-dopa treatment. These L-dopa-induced 5-HT depletions were blocked by ascorbate co-treatment. Chronic L-dopa also caused significant behavioral impairments in rats. Spatial memory recall was impaired, in addition to a potentiated fear response after L-dopa, both of which were prevented by ascorbate co-treatment. Taken together, results presented in this dissertation provide evidence that L-dopa produces 5-HT neuron loss both in vitro and in vivo, as well as in vivo 5-HT neurochemical depletions and behavioral impairments through an oxidative stress mechanism.
Book Synopsis The Clinical Uses of Levodopa by : Gerald Stern
Download or read book The Clinical Uses of Levodopa written by Gerald Stern and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis L-Dopa and Parkinsonism by : Manuel Riklan
Download or read book L-Dopa and Parkinsonism written by Manuel Riklan and published by Charles C. Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 1973 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission in parkinson's disease and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia by :
Download or read book Noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission in parkinson's disease and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Role of Noradrenergic Transmission in Parkinson's Disease and L-dopa-induced Dyskinesia by : Amal Alachkar
Download or read book Role of Noradrenergic Transmission in Parkinson's Disease and L-dopa-induced Dyskinesia written by Amal Alachkar and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Establishing Mechanisms of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson’s Disease in Post-mortem Human Brain Tissue by : Perdita Anne Cheshire
Download or read book Establishing Mechanisms of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson’s Disease in Post-mortem Human Brain Tissue written by Perdita Anne Cheshire and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson‘s disease (PD) is a progressive and disabling neurodegenerative disease,characterized by a loss of dopamine neurons in the midbrain. Treatment of the motorsymptoms of PD relies on replacing lost dopamine with dopaminergic drugs, inparticular the pro-drug levodopa (L-DOPA). Chronic L-DOPA treatment leads tounwanted side-effects in the form of abnormal, involuntary movements (dyskinesias), which represent a major barrier to effective symptomatic management of PD. Although pre-clinical animal models provide compelling evidence as to the underlying mechanisms of levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID), this has repeatedly failed to translate into treatment optionsAnimal model data implicates both pre-synaptic and post-synaptic mechanisms of LID; namely that serotonin neurons cause LID by aberrantly releasing dopamine, and thatpost-synaptic dopamine receptors become hypersensitised to dopamine resulting indyskinetic movements. Correlative data from human studies is notably lacking, but is acritical step in improving research translation. The research presented in this thesis aimed to address this translational gap by compiling two cohorts of post-mortem human brain tissue from PD patients characterised on the basis of their clinical LID phenotype, which provided an unprecedented opportunity to explore the pathophysiology of LID in PD.Studies were designed to determine whether hypotheses generated from animal modelscould be validated in human tissue. The results of these studies do not support a central role for serotonin neurons in LID, nor was post-synaptic sensitisation of dopamine receptors supported as a mechanism of LID. Putative genetic risk factors for developing LID identified from cross-sectional living cohorts were also excluded in a pathologicallyconfirmed study. The failure to demonstrate pathological markers of LID identified from animal models in human tissue challenges the adequacy of current pre-clinical animal models of LID, demonstrates the value of autopsy studies, and may go some way to explain why effective treatment of LID has so far proved elusive. These findings have important implications for the development of anti-dyskinetic agents but also contribute to the understanding of PD as a whole.
Book Synopsis Homeostatic Control of Brain Function by : Detlev Boison
Download or read book Homeostatic Control of Brain Function written by Detlev Boison and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homeostatic Control of Brain Function offers a broad view of brain health and diverse perspectives for potential treatments, targeting key areas such as mitochondria, the immune system, epigenetic changes, and regulatory molecules such as ions, neuropeptides, and neuromodulators. Loss of homeostasis becomes expressed as a diverse array of neurological disorders. Each disorder has multiple comorbidities - with some crossing over several conditions - and often disease-specific treatments remain elusive. When current pharmacological therapies result in ineffective and inadequate outcomes, therapies to restore and maintain homeostatic functions can help improve brain health, no matter the diagnosis. Employing homeostatic therapies may lead to future cures or treatments that address multiple comorbidities. In an age where brain diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are ever present, the incorporation of homeostatic techniques could successfully promote better overall brain health. Key Features include · A focus on the homeostatic controls that significantly depend on the way one lives, eats, and drinks. · Highlights from emerging research in non-pharmaceutical therapies including botanical medications, meditation, diet, and exercise. · Incorporation of homeostatic therapies into existing basic and clinical research paradigms. · Extensive scientific basic and clinical research ranging from molecules to disorders. · Emerging practical information for improving homeostasis. · Examples of homeostatic therapies in preventing and delaying dysfunction. Both editors, Detlev Boison and Susan Masino, bring their unique expertise in homeostatic research to the overall scope of this work. This book is accessible to all with an interest in brain health; scientist, clinician, student, and lay reader alike.
Book Synopsis Parkinson's Disease: Current and Future Therapeutics and Clinical Trials by : Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez
Download or read book Parkinson's Disease: Current and Future Therapeutics and Clinical Trials written by Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book emphasizes treatment options for Parkinson's disease, providing the necessary clinical and scientific basis for the foundations of solid therapeutics.
Book Synopsis Rating Scales in Parkinson's Disease by : Cristina Sampaio
Download or read book Rating Scales in Parkinson's Disease written by Cristina Sampaio and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years, the need to develop valid tools to evaluate signs and symptoms of Parkinson Disease (PD) has been present. However the understanding of all intricacies of rating scales development was not widely available and the first attempts were relatively crude. In 2002, the Movement Disorders Society created a task force to systemize the measurement of Parkinson's Disease. Since then, the Task Force has produced and published several critiques to the available rating scales addressing both motor and non-motor domains of Parkinson Disease. Additionally the task force initiated a project to develop a new version of the UPDRS, the MDS-UPDRS. But none of this was made available in one convenient source. Until now. Rating Scales in Parkinson's Disease is written for researchers from the medical and social sciences, and for health professionals wishing to evaluate the progress of their patients suffering from Parkinson Disease. The book is both exhaustive in the description of the scales and informative on the advantages and limitations of each scale. As such, the text clearly guides readers on how to choose and use the instruments available. Extensive cross-referenced tables and charts closely integrate the parts of the book to facilitate readers in moving from one symptom domain to another.
Book Synopsis An Essay on the Shaking Palsy by : James Parkinson
Download or read book An Essay on the Shaking Palsy written by James Parkinson and published by . This book was released on 1817 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Marsden's Book of Movement Disorders by : Ivan Donaldson
Download or read book Marsden's Book of Movement Disorders written by Ivan Donaldson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 1512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the final work of the late Professor C. David Marsden, who was the most influential figure in the field of movement disorders, in terms of his contributions to both research and clinical practice, in the modern era. It was conceived and written by David Marsden and his colleague at the Institute of Neurology, Prof. Ivan Donaldson. It was their intention that this would be the most comprehensive book on movement disorders and also that it would serve as the 'clinical Bible' for the management of these conditions. It provides a masterly survey of the entire topic, which has been made possible only by vast laboratory and bedside experience. Marsden's Book of Movement Disorders covers the full breadth of movement disorders, from the underlying anatomy and understanding of basal ganglia function to the diagnosis and management of specific movement disorders, including the more common conditions such as Parkinson's Disease through to rare, and very rare conditions such as Niemann-Pick disease. Chapters follow a structured format with historical overviews, definitions, clinical features, differential diagnosis, investigations and treatment covered in a structured way. It is extensively illustrated with many original photographs and diagrams of historical significance. Among these illustrations are still images of some original film clips of some of Dr. Marsden's patients published here for the first time. Comprehensively referenced and updated by experts from the Institute of Neurology at Queen Square, this book is a valuable reference for, not just movement disorder specialists and researchers, but also for clinicians who care for patients with movement disorders.
Book Synopsis Prozac Backlash by : Joseph Glenmullen
Download or read book Prozac Backlash written by Joseph Glenmullen and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2001-04-17 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a controversial look at the potent drugs millions of Americans consume each day--for everything from anxiety to sexual addiction--Dr. Glenmullen presents authoritative information on why they are risky and provides advice on choosing safer alternative treatments.
Book Synopsis Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease by : K. Ray Chaudhuri
Download or read book Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease written by K. Ray Chaudhuri and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are known to suffer from motor symptoms of the disease, but they also experience non-motor symptoms (NMS) that are often present before diagnosis or that inevitably emerge with disease progression. The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease have been extensively researched, and effective clinical tools for their assessment and treatment have been developed and are readily available. In contrast, researchers have only recently begun to focus on the NMS of Parkinson's Disease, which are poorly recognized and inadequately treated by clinicians. The NMS of PD have a significant impact on patient quality of life and mortality and include neuropsychiatric, sleep-related, autonomic, gastrointestinal, and sensory symptoms. While some NMS can be improved with currently available treatments, others may be more refractory and will require research into novel (non-dopaminergic) drug therapies for the future. Edited by members of the UK Parkinson's Disease Non-Motor Group (PD-NMG) and with contributions from international experts, this new edition summarizes the current understanding of NMS symptoms in Parkinson's disease and points the way towards future research.
