Rod and Cone Contributions to S-potentials from Cat Retina

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Rod and Cone Contributions to S-potentials from Cat Retina by : Roy Herbert Steinberg

Download or read book Rod and Cone Contributions to S-potentials from Cat Retina written by Roy Herbert Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of whether the rods contribute to S-potentials was studied in the intact eye of the cat. S-potentials from luminosity units (L-units) were evoked by small spots of relatively monochromatic light in dark- and light-adapted retinae. The spectral sensitivity curve for dark-adapted S-potentials had its maximum at 500 nm, and the form of dark-adapted responses also suggested that rods were excited. The spectral sensitivity curve for light-adapted S-potentials had its maximum at 560 nm, and response latencies even at threshold were much faster than in dark adaptation. Individual S-potentials exhibited Purkinje shifts. It is concluded that rhodopsin rods contribute to S-potentials (L-type) in the cat and that cones contribute to the same responses. (Author).

Rod-cone Interaction in S-potentials from Cat Retina

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Rod-cone Interaction in S-potentials from Cat Retina by : Roy Herbert Steinberg

Download or read book Rod-cone Interaction in S-potentials from Cat Retina written by Roy Herbert Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rod-cone interaction in cat S-potentials was studied by analyzing the effect of wavelength and intensity upon the form of dark-adapted responses. Flashes of white light and relatively monochromatic flashes produced responses that seemed to originate from the excitation of both receptor types. The rod response changed as a function of intensity, peaking at approx. 2.5 log above threshold and increasing in duration at approx. 3.0 log above threshold. The cone response seemed in some way to add to the changing rod response. V-Log I curves showed that the rod responses reached a ceiling (initial peak voltage) at approx. 3.5 log above threshold while the maintained voltage leveled off at a lower intensity. Both ceilings were obscured by the apparent addition of the cone contribution. Cone and rod responses to brief orange and blue lights of moderate intensity, separated in time, added together across a complete range of intervals. (Author).

The Rod After-effect in S-potentials from Cat Retina

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rod After-effect in S-potentials from Cat Retina by : Roy Herbert Steinberg

Download or read book The Rod After-effect in S-potentials from Cat Retina written by Roy Herbert Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relation of the rod after-effect to percentage rhodopsin bleached was studied in S-potentials from cat retina. At threshold, flashes which produced the rod after-effect bleached only very small quantities of rhodopsin; and at a fixed flash duration, the duration of the after-effect increased as a function of log intensity. The after-effect's threshold occurred at about the intensity which saturated the maintained voltage. With flash intensity fixed (6.5 log td. scotopic) and flash duration increased (0.5 to 64.0 sec) the duration of the after-effect was a linear function of exposure time. The duration continued to increase after an exposure of 16 sec, even though at least 99 per cent of the rhodopsin had been bleached. It is concluded that the after-effect originates from something which accumulates after the maintained voltage in rod pathways reaches a ceiling. The accumulation can continue at a fixed rate irrespective of the bleaching rate. (Author).

Webvision

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Webvision by : Helga Kolb

Download or read book Webvision written by Helga Kolb and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neural Principles in Vision

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642664326
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Principles in Vision by : F. Zettler

Download or read book Neural Principles in Vision written by F. Zettler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific investigation of the retina began with extensive studies of its anatomical structure. The selective staining of neurons achieved by the Golgi method has led to a comprehensive picture of the architecture of the tissue in terms of its individ ual elements. Cajal, in particular, used this tech nique to reveal the fundamentals of retinal struc ture. In the studies that followed, selective stain ing method continued to be decisive in the analysis of neuroanatomy, and in recent years these techniques have been complemented by electron microscopy. The complexity of retinal structure that has been revealed demands a functional explanation, and elec trophysiology attempts to provide it. But functional analysis, like anatomy, must ultimately be based on the single cell. It is only by using dyes to mark the recording site that one can identify the cells involved. When this succeeds, as it has recently, one can actually fit functional events into the ana tomical framework. With these advances, our strate gies and tactics toward an understanding of the structure and function of the retina have moved in to a new phase.

Cumulated Index Medicus

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1828 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Night Vision

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521327367
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Night Vision by : R. F. Hess

Download or read book Night Vision written by R. F. Hess and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-09-27 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed 1990 book describes the light and dark adaptation of receptoral and post-receptoral mechanisms from a number of perspectives. The authors emphasise the importance of the study of achromatopsia, a rare congenital condition in which the visual mechanisms that mediate day vision are absent whilst those that mediate night vision remain intact.

Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642653405
Total Pages : 784 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs by : Michelangelo G.F. Fuortes

Download or read book Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs written by Michelangelo G.F. Fuortes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of essays which attempts to summarize the recent progress in the field of photoreceptor and retinal physiology. Reflecting the way in which research is organized, each author reports on the studies performed with the techniques with which he is most familiar: morpholo gical, chemical or physiological. The first chapters describe the structure of visual cells and the histological architecture of the retina. Next comes a summary of the laws governing photochemical reactions and a report on the biochemistry of photopigments. Four articles cover the optical properties of invertebrate eyes and the electrophysiology and the interactions of their photoreceptors. These are followed by a discussion of the properties of vertebrate eyes, including chapters on optics, on the electrical responses of rods and cones and on the functional organization of the retina. The final chapter provides an extensive review of retinal biochemistry and metabolism. Even though the experimental approach differs, all studies are directed toward the solution of two basic problems: transduction in the photoreceptors and orga nization (often called "information processing") in the retina. The central problem of photoreceptor cells is to determine how light produces a response. We know that illumination evokes electrical changes and we have recently learned a great deal about the features of these changes. The evidence indicates however that elaborate processes must be interposed between the ab sorption of photons by the pigment and the production of electric currents through the membrane. These intermediary cvents remain to be unraveled.

Photochemistry of Vision

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364265066X
Total Pages : 841 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Photochemistry of Vision by : Herbert J.A. Dartnall

Download or read book Photochemistry of Vision written by Herbert J.A. Dartnall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 841 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation can only affect matter if absorbed by it. Within the broad range of 300-1000 nm, which we call "the visible", light quanta are energetic enough to produce excited electronic states in the atoms and molecules that absorb them. In these states the molecules may have quite different properties from those in their dormant condition, and reactions that would not otherwise occur become possible. About 80 % of the radiant energy emitted by our sun lies in this fertile band, and so long as the sun's surface temperature is maintained at about 6000° C this state of affairs will continue. This and the transparency of our atmosphere and waters have allowed the generation and evolution of life. Before life began the atmosphere probably also transmitted much of the solar short-wave radiation, but with the rise of vegetation a new product - oxygen - appeared and this, by a photochemical reaction in the upper atmosphere, led to the ozone layer that now protects us from the energetic "short-wave" quanta that once, perhaps, took part in the generation of life-molecules. Light is an ideal sensory stimulus. It travels in straight lines at great speed and, consequently, can be made to form an image from which an animal can make "true", continuous and immediate assessments of present and impending events.

From Cell Physiology to Emerging Brain Functions

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889660001
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis From Cell Physiology to Emerging Brain Functions by : Philippe Isope

Download or read book From Cell Physiology to Emerging Brain Functions written by Philippe Isope and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-09-11 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Comparative Color Vision

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323159893
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparative Color Vision by : Gerald Jacobs

Download or read book Comparative Color Vision written by Gerald Jacobs and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-06-11 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparative Color Vision provides information about the means by which color vision has been studied in nonhuman animals and about the outcomes of these studies for a variety of representative species. Individuals who become interested in color vision in animals come from a variety of different educational backgrounds—from the traditional biological and behavioral sciences as well as from more applied fields. Accordingly, this book includes sufficient tutorial information about color vision so that a relative newcomer would be able to make sense out of this area without having to search out still more background material. To provide this, basic information about the psychophysics of color vision and about the methods used to study color vision in animals is presented; along with coverage of the broad range of biological mechanisms responsible for color vision. Subsequent chapters present systematic reviews of studies of color vision in a wide selection of vertebrate species. The final chapter is devoted to a discussion of two fascinating issues raised by studies of animal color vision: the evolutionary origins and the functional utility of color vision.

Adler's Physiology of the Eye

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Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323834078
Total Pages : 840 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Adler's Physiology of the Eye by : Leonard A Levin

Download or read book Adler's Physiology of the Eye written by Leonard A Levin and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2024-02-14 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written and designed to enhance your understanding of ocular function, structure, and anatomy, Adler's Physiology of the Eye is a classic, best-selling text that makes critical information easier to learn and retain. The fully revised 12th Edition continues the successful Adler’s approach that connects basic science and clinical aspects in a user-friendly, highly visual format—ideal for study, review, and exam preparation. It captures the latest molecular, genetic, and biochemical discoveries and offers you unparalleled knowledge and insight into the physiology of the eye and its structures. Covers the full structure and function of the eye and its related anatomy and makes the connection between physiology and clinical practice. Includes major updates throughout, including new information on OCT/OCTA imaging, new drug delivery methods, ocular biomechanics, and evolving gene therapies. Organizes content by function, rather than anatomy, to help you make a stronger connection between physiological principles and clinical practice. Explains the physiological principles that underlie visual acuity, intraocular pressure, ocular circulation, the extraocular muscles, and much more. Features approximately 1,000 illustrations throughout, including medical artwork; schematics, charts, and graphs; clinical photographs; and more. Any additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date.

Gap Junctions in the Nervous System

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662219352
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Gap Junctions in the Nervous System by : David C. Spray

Download or read book Gap Junctions in the Nervous System written by David C. Spray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the types of gap junction proteins (connexins) and their distribution within the nervous system, the physiological properties of channels formed of each connexin, and the role of gap junction channels in functions of normal and pathological brain and peripheral nerve. Although glial tissue is emphasized, additional groups of chapters deal with neurons in the central nervous system and with the retina.

Neurophysiological Aspects of Color Vision in Primates

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642876064
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurophysiological Aspects of Color Vision in Primates by : E. Zrenner

Download or read book Neurophysiological Aspects of Color Vision in Primates written by E. Zrenner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To explain all nature is too difficult a task for anyone man or even for anyone age. Tis much better to do a little with certainty, and leave the rest for others that come after you, than to explain all things ... " Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) This book describes and discusses some new aspects of col or vision in primates which have emerged from a series of experiments conducted over the past 8 years both on single ganglion cells in monkey retina and on the visually evoked cortical potential in man: corresponding psychophysical mechanisms of human perception will be considered as well. An attempt will be made to better understand the basic mechanisms of color vision using a more comprehensive approach which takes into account new mechanisms found in single cells and relates them to those found valid for the entire visual system. The processing of color signals was followed up from the retina to the visual cortex and to the percepq.tal centers, as far as the available techniques permitted.

The Synaptic Organization of the Brain

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019515956X
Total Pages : 736 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis The Synaptic Organization of the Brain by : Gordon M. Shepherd

Download or read book The Synaptic Organization of the Brain written by Gordon M. Shepherd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a thorough revision of the standard text on local circuits in the different regions of the brain. In this fifth edition, the results of the mouse and human genome projects are incorporated for the first time. Also for the first time, the reader is oriented to supporting neuroscience databases. Among the new advances covered are 2-photon confocal laser microscopy of dendrites and dendritic spines, biochemical analyses, and dual patch and multielectrode recordings, applied together with an increasing range of behavioral and gene-targeting methods.

Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs by : Israel Abramov

Download or read book Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs written by Israel Abramov and published by Springer. This book was released on 1972 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

U.S. Government Research & Development Reports

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1304 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis U.S. Government Research & Development Reports by :

Download or read book U.S. Government Research & Development Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 1304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: