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Robinson Crusoes Economic Man
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Book Synopsis Robinson Crusoe's Economic Man by : Ulla Grapard
Download or read book Robinson Crusoe's Economic Man written by Ulla Grapard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, economists and literary scholars examine the uses to which the Robinson Crusoe figure has been put by the economics discipline since the publication of Defoe’s novel in 1719. The authors’ critical readings of two centuries of texts that have made use of Robinson Crusoe undermine the pervasive belief of mainstream economics that Robinson Crusoe is a benign representative of economic agency, and that he, like other economic agents, can be understood independently of historical and cultural specificity. The book provides a detailed account of the appearance of Robinson Crusoe in the economics literature and in a plethora of modern economics texts, in which, for example, we find Crusoe is portrayed as a schizophrenic consumer/producer trying to maximize his personal well-being. Using poststructuralist, feminist, postcolonial, Marxist and literary criticism approaches, the authors of the fourteen chapters in this volume examine and critique some of the deepest, fundamental assumptions neoclassical economics hold about human nature; the political economy of colonization; international trade; and the pervasive gendered organization of social relations. The contributors to this volume can be seen as engaging in the emerging conversation between economists and literary scholars known as the New Economic Criticism. They offer unique perspectives on how the economy and economic thought can be read through different disciplinary lenses. Economists pay attention to rhetoric and metaphor deployed in economics, and literary scholars have found new areas to explore and understand by focusing on economic concepts and vocabulary encountered in literary texts.
Book Synopsis Feminist Economics by : Gillian J. Hewitson
Download or read book Feminist Economics written by Gillian J. Hewitson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hewitson (business, La Trobe U., Australia) uses a feminist poststructuralist approach to expose the masculinity of the allegedly unsexed figure of the neoclassical "rational economic man". Employing a wide range of poststructuralist writings, she argues that neoclassical economics does construct sexual differences and that the notion of the exchanging agent, commonly perceived as a universal and sexless individual, cannot accommodate sexual differences, thus concluding that neoclassical economics cannot accommodate women's differences.
Book Synopsis Who Cooked Adam Smith's Dinner? by : Katrine Marcal
Download or read book Who Cooked Adam Smith's Dinner? written by Katrine Marcal and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do you get your dinner? That is the basic question of economics. When economist and philosopher Adam Smith proclaimed that all our actions were motivated by self-interest, he used the example of the baker and the butcher as he laid the foundations for 'economic man,' arguing that the baker and butcher didn't give bread and meat out of the goodness of their hearts. It's an ironic point of view coming from a bachelor who lived with his mother for most of his life—a woman who cooked his dinner every night.The economic man has dominated our understanding of modern-day capitalism, with a focus on self-interest and the exclusion of all other motivations. Such a view point disregards the unpaid work of mothering, caring, cleaning and cooking. It insists that if women are paid less, then that's because their labor is worth less.A kind of femininst Freakonomics, Who Cooked Adam Smith’s Dinner? charts the myth of economic man—from its origins at Adam Smith's dinner table, its adaptation by the Chicago School, and its disastrous role in the 2008 Global Financial Crisis—in a witty and courageous dismantling of one of the biggest myths of our time.
Download or read book Galileo Unbound written by David D. Nolte and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galileo Unbound traces the journey that brought us from Galileo's law of free fall to today's geneticists measuring evolutionary drift, entangled quantum particles moving among many worlds, and our lives as trajectories traversing a health space with thousands of dimensions. Remarkably, common themes persist that predict the evolution of species as readily as the orbits of planets or the collapse of stars into black holes. This book tells the history of spaces of expanding dimension and increasing abstraction and how they continue today to give new insight into the physics of complex systems. Galileo published the first modern law of motion, the Law of Fall, that was ideal and simple, laying the foundation upon which Newton built the first theory of dynamics. Early in the twentieth century, geometry became the cause of motion rather than the result when Einstein envisioned the fabric of space-time warped by mass and energy, forcing light rays to bend past the Sun. Possibly more radical was Feynman's dilemma of quantum particles taking all paths at once — setting the stage for the modern fields of quantum field theory and quantum computing. Yet as concepts of motion have evolved, one thing has remained constant, the need to track ever more complex changes and to capture their essence, to find patterns in the chaos as we try to predict and control our world.
Book Synopsis Robinson Crusoe's Money (Annotated) by : David Ames Wells
Download or read book Robinson Crusoe's Money (Annotated) written by David Ames Wells and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Robinson Cruso's Money" is actually a monetary experiment which investigates the dynamics and feature of cash. It is based on Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Cruso," wherein the primary character is actually stranded on a deserted isle. A thought experiment involves envisioning that Robinson Crusoe discovers a chest filled with gold coins while stranded on the island. Crucial Points: Isolation: Crusoe could be the single person on the island, and there's no nearby community to trade or maybe commerce with. Absence of Market: The gold coins have no intrinsic worth for Crusoe since there's economic system or no market on island. Utility: Crusoe can not use the gold for practical uses. He cannot consume it, use it for shelter or even swap it for goods or services. Exchange as well as trade: Money gains the worth of its from turning into a medium of exchange in an economic system. Crusoe sees the cash as ineffective since the island is missing an economy or maybe possibility for trade. Economic Lessons: Medium of Exchange: Only cash might be replaced for merchandise and / or perhaps services. As a medium of exchange it loses the electric of its in isolation. The actual distinction between intrinsic and also Instrumental worth. In this thought experiment, the intrinsic worth of a point is actually distinguished from its instrumental worth (the worth of its as an instrument to achieve various other end). Community Construct: Money is a cultural idea mostly. The worth of the moderate is dependent upon the collective agreement kept by a town to swap it. Barter System: If Crusoe encounter someone else on the island, a barter system is going to prove much more helpful without any cash. Barter methods entail immediate exchange of items without the usage of money or maybe another moderate. Source Allocation: Money is not always handy in cases in which resources are actually restricted and must be successfully allotted (such as a deserted island). Abilities, labor, and natural resources turn into the key assets. The Philosophical Implications: The thought experiment carries philosophical ramifications related to the dynamics of worth, man needs as well as the cap of material wealth. When eliminated from societal buildings & norms it challenges us to think about what really matters in life. "Robinson Cruso's Money" is actually a theoretical foundation for grasping the basic principles of cash and economics. It lets us realize the contextual and social elements which confer worth on cash. Surely! The "Robinson Crusoe's Money" thought experiment serves as a foundational tool for understanding a number of important concepts in economics, sociology, and also philosophy. Let us delve deeper into each area. Expanded Economic Lessons: Very subjective Theory of Value: In classical economics, the valuation of an item is usually regarded as intrinsic. Nevertheless, the modern, much more nuanced view argues that value is actually very subjective and depending on the energy it offers to the person. Robinson Crusoe's scenario illustrates this perfectly: gold, typically regarded as invaluable, becomes worthless in the context of his since it provides no utility. Portability and liquidity: One of the causes cash is beneficial in contemporary economies is the liquidity of its and portability. You are able to quickly carry it and swap it for a broad range of services and goods. But once again, in Crusoe's remote economy of one, these qualities are actually irrelevant. Marginal Utility: The idea of marginal energy details the extra pleasure or maybe advantage one profits from eating yet another device of a very good or perhaps service. Crusoe's scenario shows that the marginal energy of cash could become 0 in case it can't be replaced for whatever helpful.
Download or read book Easy Money written by Vivek Kaul and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2018-05-05 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in an era when coloured pieces of paper are deemed to be money. But this was not how things always were. In the United States, tobacco was money for longer than gold was. In parts of ancient India, almonds were money. Corn was money in Guatemala. In the rice-producing nations of Philippines, Japan and Burma, standardized portions of rice served as money. Salt was money in the Sahara Desert. How did these commodities disappear as money? What role did the rise of banking play in the rise of paper money? How has paper money at various points of time destroyed financial systems? And, most importantly, how do the same mistakes which were made earlier continue to be made in the modern era? Vivek Kaul answers these and many more questions in the first book in the Easy Money series.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to ‘Robinson Crusoe' by : John Richetti
Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to ‘Robinson Crusoe' written by John Richetti and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An instant success in its own time, Daniel Defoe's The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe has for three centuries drawn readers to its archetypal hero, the man surviving alone on an island. This Companion begins by studying the eighteenth-century literary, historical and cultural contexts of Defoe's novel, exploring the reasons for its immense popularity in Britain and in its colonies in America and in the wider European world. Chapters from leading scholars discuss the social, economic and political dimensions of Crusoe's island story before examining the 'after life' of Robinson Crusoe, from the book's multitudinous translations to its cultural migrations and transformations into other media such as film and television. By considering Defoe's seminal work from a variety of critical perspectives, this book provides a full understanding of the perennial fascination with, and the enduring legacy of, both the book and its iconic hero.
Download or read book Robinson Crusoe written by Lieve Spaas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-07 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robinson Crusoe explores Defoe's story, the legend it captured, the universal desire which underlies the myth and a range of modern re-writings which reveal a continued fascination with the problematic character of this narrative. Whether envisaged as an heroic rejection of the old world order, a piece of pre-colonialist propaganda or a tale raising archetypal problems of 'otherness' and 'inequality', the mythic value of Crusoe has become a pretext over many centuries for an examination of some of the fundamental problems of existence. This collection of essays examines, from a wide range of critical and philosophical perspectives, the cultural manifestations of Robinson Crusoe in different centuries, in different media, in different genres.
Download or read book Marx in Motion written by Thomas Nail and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Socialism is back and with it is a renewed interest in Marx's critique of capitalism. After the 2008 financial crash international book sales of Capital exploded for the first time in decades. In a world of rising income inequality, right-wing nationalisms, and global climate change, people are again looking to the father of modern socialism for answers. This book is written to help those returning to Marx today get answers to their pressing questions about the nature of wealth, ecological crisis, gender inequality, colonialism, migration, and the possibility of socialism. Marx, as always, remains our contemporary. This book also offers readers a new perspective on a several major ideas in Marx's work. It argues that Marx, contrary to convention, did not think history was deterministic or that reality could be reduced to classical materialism. Marx was not an anthropocentric humanist nor did he have a labor theory of value. The unique contribution of this book is that it begins with Marx's earliest and most neglected book on ancient naturalism in order to show its lasting methodological effect on his "process materialism" defined by the primacy of motion. This "kinetic Marxism," as I call it, offers us a new way to re-read Capital that bears directly on a number of contemporary issues. This also makes Marx in Motion the first book to offer a new materialist reading of Marx. The result of all this is a fresh new view on the important theories of primitive accumulation, metabolism, value, fetishism, dialectics, and the possibility of a kinetic communism for the 21st century"--
Book Synopsis Robinson Crusoe's Money by : David Ames Wells
Download or read book Robinson Crusoe's Money written by David Ames Wells and published by E-Kitap Projesi & Cheapest Books. This book was released on 2024-01-23 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An excellent example of his work in this field is his "ROBINSON CRUSOE'S MONEY", issued first in 1876 when resumption was in doubt, and again in 1896 when the 'free silver' advocacy was in full swing. Wells was among the earliest to appreciate the importance of what has since been known as 'technological unemployment,' the displacing of men by machines ..His writing and speaking was marked by simplicity, candor, and extraordinary facility in the popular adaptation of statistics. His aptness in illustration was as charming as it was effective ..."Importance of Money in De Foe's Robinson CrusoeBecasuse of Money plays an important role in De Foe's Robinson Crusoe even though the islander repeatedly celebrates his triumph over the whole attribution of value to money, a medium of no value to him, who is deprived of all human commerce. Crusoe keeps a continuous account of his wealth and he is finally overwhelmed when he has to realise how rich he became in the time of his isolation. His computations mention:§ English pounds sterling,§ Portuguese Moidors and Cruisadoes, i.e. gold moedas and silver cruzados,§ Spanish Doubloons and Pieces of Eight, i.e. gold doblóns and pesos, silver coins of eight reales,§ unspecified (gold) ducats§ unminted goldAll coins mentioned matched specific amounts of gold and silver and one knew how to calculate between these coins. Our marginal notes offer the equivalents in English money at the rates valid in 1719.The computations for 1719 are not a weak compromise. A gold Moidore minted in 1670 would not contain one gram less gold in 1719 its value as a gold coin would hence remain stable. The value of gold in silver money was, however, unstable.None of the European currencies could fix a price at which gold could be converted; and all currencies gave sums on national silver standards. The problem increased where a country failed to stabilise its silver money (by failing to issue new silver coins of the expected quality). The 1680s and 1690s thus saw the English public unwilling to continue changing their gold guineas into silver shillings at the established rate of 20 shillings the guinea. The guinea rose from 20 to 30 shillings in 1694, it was successfully fixed at 21s, 6d in 1698; the rate was modified to 21 shillings in a new attempt to stabilise the monetary system in 1717, and it was to remain at this ratio till 1816.
Download or read book Foe written by J. M. Coetzee and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2017-02-07 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the same electrical intensity of language and insight that he brought to Waiting for the Barbarians, J.M. Coetzee reinvents the story of Robinson Crusoe—and in so doing, directs our attention to the seduction and tyranny of storytelling itself. J.M. Coetzee's latest novel, The Schooldays of Jesus, is now available from Viking. Late Essays: 2006-2016 will be available January 2018. In 1720 the eminent man of letters Daniel Foe is approached by Susan Barton, lately a castaway on a desert island. She wants him to tell her story, and that of the enigmatic man who has become her rescuer, companion, master and sometimes lover: Cruso. Cruso is dead, and his manservant, Friday, is incapable of speech. As she tries to relate the truth about him, the ambitious Barton cannot help turning Cruso into her invention. For as narrated by Foe—as by Coetzee himself—the stories we thought we knew acquire depths that are at once treacherous, elegant, and unexpectedly moving.
Book Synopsis General Equilibrium Theory by : Ross M. Starr
Download or read book General Equilibrium Theory written by Ross M. Starr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-07-13 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General Equilibrium Theory: An Introduction treats the classic Arrow-Debreu general equilibrium model in a form accessible to graduate students and advanced undergraduates in economics and mathematics. Topics covered include mathematical preliminaries, households and firms, existence of general equilibrium, Pareto efficiency of general equilibrium, the First and Second Fundamental Theorems of Welfare Economics, the core and core convergences, future markets over time and contingent commodity markets under uncertainty. Demand, supply, and excess demand appear first as (point-valued) functions, then optionally as (set-valued) correspondences. The mathematics presented (with elementary proofs of the theorems) includes a real analysis, the Brouwer fixed point theorem, and separating and supporting hyperplane theorems. Optional chapters introduce the existence of equilibrium with set-valued supply and demand, the mathematics of upper and lower hemicontinuous correspondences, and the Kakutani fixed point theorem. The treatment emphasizes clarity and accessibility to the student through use of examples and intuition.
Book Synopsis The Bourgeois and the Savage by : Alfonso Maurizio Iacono
Download or read book The Bourgeois and the Savage written by Alfonso Maurizio Iacono and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-18 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic text in Italian history of political philosophy, translated into English for the first time, investigates the philosophical and ideological conceptions hidden beneath the modern image of the isolated individual. In The Bourgeois and the Savage, Alfonso Maurizio Iacono reveals that this apparently simple and transparent image is imbued with a profound complexity containing human and social relationships, which are intertwined with relationships of power, domination, inequality, colonisation and servitude. As Karl Marx argued, and as was later confirmed by twentieth-century anthropology, the isolated individual does not stand at the beginning of history; he can emerge only where social relationships are already very developed and where society appears as a tool used for private purposes. Considering the writings of Daniel Defoe, the great French Enlightenment philosopher Turgot, and the father of political economy Adam Smith, The Bourgeois and the Savage critically analyses the process which led to the naturalisation of the image of the isolated man and traces its development and transformation into a still dominant paradigm.
Book Synopsis Reading Marx Writing by : Thomas M. Kemple
Download or read book Reading Marx Writing written by Thomas M. Kemple and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Employing the insights of recent cultural critics, Reading Marx Writing uses the eight notebooks (the Grundrisse) Marx worked on in 1857-58 to examine his literary, political, and scientific imagination and the fictional writers he admired. By exploring the Grundrisse, the project or plan that Marx did not carry through, the author speculates on the limits and possibilities of Marx's interpretive approach for addressing current issues in philosophy and hermeneutics, critical sociology and political economy, and aesthetics and literary criticism. The study employs certain literary works - notably a scene from Goethe's Faust and several stories from Balzac's Comedie humaine - as looking-glasses or sounding boards for Marx's political and scientific concerns and to connect themes emerging from the cultural economy of the nineteenth century. These literary works are treated less as dramatic illustrations of Marx's life or depictions of his scientific insights than as interpretive frameworks or social fictions which give shape to both Marx's text and the writings of others working in his wake. Through an innovative blend of German critical theory (Lukacs, Marcuse, and Habermas), French post-structuralism (Althusser, Lyotard, and Baudrillard), and Anglo-American cultural criticism (Jameson, Mitchell, and O'Neill), the author develops a unique method for articulating the play of image, text, and even music within Marx's human scientific discourse.
Book Synopsis Frontiers of Political Economy by : Guglielmo Carchedi
Download or read book Frontiers of Political Economy written by Guglielmo Carchedi and published by Verso. This book was released on 1991 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcending the arid formalism of present-day economic theory, Frontiers of Political Economy develops a new and accessible perspective on the world economy. Guglielmo Carchedi identifies and analyses three key features of modern capitalism: the rapidly increasing share of human labour needed for the advancement of science and technology rather than for the production of goods; the global, rather than national, nature of production, distribution and consumption; and the dominance of the oligopolies. This analysis enables Carchedi to explore new theoretical frontiers: from an original theory of mental and material labour to an investigation of the conditions under which mental labour produces value; from an assessment of the class structure of modern capitalism to an appraisal of the social content of science and technology; from an alternative account of crises, inflation and stagflation to a study of their relation to the destruction of value and to arms production. He also cast fresh light on a number of basic contemporary issues—including the present financial and monetary crisis—and surveys the most important recent controversies in language accessible to non-specialists. Rigorous and wide-ranging, but written with great lucidity, Frontiers of Political Economy is an essential book for both specialists and students in economics and politics.
Book Synopsis Myths of Modern Individualism by : Ian Watt
Download or read book Myths of Modern Individualism written by Ian Watt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, Ian Watt examines the myths of Faust, Don Quixote, Don Juan and Robinson Crusoe, as the distinctive products of modern society. He traces the way the original versions of Faust, Don Quixote and Don Juan - all written within a forty-year period during the Counter Reformation - presented unflattering portrayals of the three figures, while the Romantic period two centuries later recreated them as admirable and even heroic. The twentieth century retained their prestige as mythical figures, but with a new note of criticism. Robinson Crusoe came much later than the other three, but his fate can be seen as representative of the new religious, economic and social attitudes which succeeded the Counter-Reformation. The four figures help to reveal problems of individualism in the modern period: solitude, narcissism, and the claims of the self versus the claims of society. They all pursue their own view of what they should be, raising strong questions about their heroes' character and the societies whose ideals they reflect.
Book Synopsis Robinson Crusoe after 300 Years by : Andreas K. E. Mueller
Download or read book Robinson Crusoe after 300 Years written by Andreas K. E. Mueller and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-16 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no shortage of explanations for the longevity of Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, which has been interpreted as both religious allegory and frontier myth, with Crusoe seen as an example of the self-sufficient adventurer and the archetypal colonizer and capitalist. Defoe’s original has been reimagined multiple times in legions of Robinsonade or castaway stories, but the Crusoe myth is far from spent. This wideranging collection brings together eleven scholars who suggest new and unfamiliar ways of thinking about this most familiar of works, and who ask us to consider the enduring appeal of “Crusoe,” more recognizable today than ever before.
