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Ribonucleases Part A Functional Roles And Mechanisms Of Action
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Book Synopsis Ribonucleases, Part A: Functional Roles and Mechanisms of Action by :
Download or read book Ribonucleases, Part A: Functional Roles and Mechanisms of Action written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-09-26 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first of two volumes provides up-to-date, methods-related information on ribonuclease functions, assays, and applications. Chapter topics include the identification of, characterization of, and assays for secreted ribonucleases; viral ribonucleases, artificial and engineered ribonucleases, and ribozymes. The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. Now with more than 300 volumes (all of them still in print), the series contains much material still relevant today--truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences.
Download or read book Ribonucleases Part A written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ribonucleases by : Allen W. Nicholson
Download or read book Ribonucleases written by Allen W. Nicholson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-06 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ribonucleases are a ubiquitous and functionally diverse group of enzymes that have a common ability to cleave RNA. Either through scission of internal phosphodiesters, or removal of nucleotides from RNA 5’ or 3’ ends, ribonucleases perform essential roles in gene expression and regulation, genome replication and maintenance, host defense, stress response, and viral strategies of infection. Ribonucleases have also served as highly informative models to understand virtually every aspect of biomolecular structure and function. The fifteen chapters in this volume are written by recognized researchers in the field, and provide in-depth analyses of the major ribonuclease families. Particular focus is given to the relation of ribonuclease structure and mechanism to biological function, as well as ribonuclease dysfunction in certain disease states. Other topics include the evolutionary genetics and functional diversification of ribonucleases, engineered ribonucleases as anti-cancer agents, the mechanisms of action of artificial ribonucleases, and ribonucleases as models to understand protein folding and stability. This volume should serve as an essential reference for a broad range of researchers and educators with interests in RNA metabolism, enzymology, and gene regulation.
Book Synopsis Ribonucleases by : Giuseppe D'Alessio
Download or read book Ribonucleases written by Giuseppe D'Alessio and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-02-11 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pancreatic ribonuclease, the focus of highly productive scientific research for more than half a century and the only enzyme to be the basis of four Nobel prizes, has recently undergone a resurgence in popularity for the recognition of an extended ribonuclease superfamily with functions ranging from tumour growth and inhibition to self-recognition and neurotoxicity. This volume highlights the functional diversity of ribonucleases and reveals the emerging research opportunities provided by these enzymes. * Never before has discussion of the entire family of ribonucleases and related enzymes been covered in a single volume* Core chapters focus on the latest structures and functions of pancreatic-type ribonucleases* Structures and functions of intracellular ribonucleases and nondigestive members of the family are also covered* How ribonucleases continue to serve as excellent systems with which to uncover the secrets of protein chemistry is demonstrated
Book Synopsis Structure, Mechanism and Function of Ribonucleases by : Claudi M. Cuchillo
Download or read book Structure, Mechanism and Function of Ribonucleases written by Claudi M. Cuchillo and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ribonucleases, Part B: Artificial and Engineered Ribonucleases and Speicifc Applications by :
Download or read book Ribonucleases, Part B: Artificial and Engineered Ribonucleases and Speicifc Applications written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-09-28 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second volume on ribonucleases provides up-to-date, methods-related information on these enzymes. Of particular interest to researchers will be the discussion of artificial and engineered ribonucleases, as well as the application of ribonucleases in medicine and biotechnology.The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. Now with more than 300 volumes (all of them still in print), the series contains much material still relevant today--truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences.
Book Synopsis Artificial Nucleases by : Marina A. Zenkova
Download or read book Artificial Nucleases written by Marina A. Zenkova and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-01-07 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of agents capable of cleaving RNA and DNA has attracted considerable attention from researchers in the last few years, because of the immediate and very important applications they can find in the emerging fields of biotechnology and pharmacology. There are essentially two classes of these agents - nucleases that occur naturally inside cells and synthetically produced artificial nucleases. The first class includes protein enzyme nucle ases and catalytic RNA structured ribozymes that perform cleavage of the phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids according to a hydrolytic pathway in the course of different biochemical processes in the cell. A different pathway is used by some antibiotics which cleave DNA via redox-based mechanisms resulting in oxidative damage of nucleotide units and breakage of the DNA backbone. The above molecules are indispensable tools for manipulating nucleic acids and processing RNA; DNA-cleaving antibiotics and cytotoxic ribonucleases have demonstrated utility as chemotherapeutic agents. The second class, artificial nucleases, are rationally designed to imitate the active centers of natural enzymes by simple structures possessing minimal sets of the most important characteristics that are essential for catalysis. A dif ferent approach, in vitro selection, was also used to create artificial RNA and DNA enzymes capable of cleaving RNA. Being less efficient and specific as compared to the natural enzymes, the primitive mimics are smaller and robust and can function in a broad range of conditions.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research: pt. A. Subject access A-H by :
Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research: pt. A. Subject access A-H written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :918 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Research Grants Index by : National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants
Download or read book Research Grants Index written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis RNA Damage and Repair by : Ioly Kotta-Loizou
Download or read book RNA Damage and Repair written by Ioly Kotta-Loizou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-04 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a macromolecule that plays a central role in cell physiology: RNA molecules act as intermediates between the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), where genetic information is stored, and proteins, which perform the necessary functions within the cell. Traditionally, the structural and functional properties of RNA are closely linked to gene expression. However, RNA-based enzymes, called ribozymes, are also involved in catalysis and small RNAs regulate key cellular processes, such as cell growth, division, differentiation, aging and death. RNA is a sensitive macromolecule that can be easily damaged by environmental conditions (ultraviolet radiation, oxidative stress) and biological factors (ribonucleases, ribotoxins, CRISPR-Cas systems). Therefore, cells have developed mechanisms to protect and/or repair RNA molecules. This book presents an overview of the biology of RNA damage, protection and repair in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Individual chapters cover the expression regulation, enzymology and physiological role of such systems, and link them to important human diseases such as cancer and degenerative diseases.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research by :
Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ribonucleases and Ribonuclease Inhibitors by :
Download or read book Ribonucleases and Ribonuclease Inhibitors written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pancreatic-type ribonucleases (ptRNases) comprise a class of highly conserved, vertebrate-specific, secretory endoribonucleases. They mediate diverse biological actions by catalyzing the cleavage of RNA, and are regulated by a ubiquitous cytosolic protein, ribonuclease inhibitor (RI). Little is known about the biological function of the prototype of this enzyme family, mammalian ribonuclease 1 (RNase 1). The goal of this thesis is to understand the endogenous functions of RNase 1 by a) analyses of recombinant proteins, b) interpretation of evolutionary patterns across species, and c) characterizing the absence of RNase 1 in a genetic model. Understanding the physiological roles of RNase 1 is becoming increasingly important as engineered forms of the enzyme are progressing through clinical trials. In CHAPTER 1, I summarize the large body of evidence indicating an important role for RNase 1 in human disease, and I describe several therapeutic applications of RNase 1. In CHAPTER 2, I highlight the innate characteristics of RNase 1 that enable its use as a protein-based drug, as well as efficacious modifications to further expand and exploit its therapeutic potential. Progress toward elucidating the endogenous functions of RNase 1 has been hindered by the historical view that all mammalian RNase 1 homologs are identical. In CHAPTER 3, I illuminate the functional evolution of RNase 1 across species and shed light on the roles of RNase 1 in mammals. In CHAPTER 4, I describe the structures and functions of the first reported non-mammalian RI proteins and explore the functional co-evolution of RI*RNase complexes across species. Mammalian RNase 1 is a secreted protein and primarily functions in the extracellular space. As such, study of systemic RNase 1 physiology requires a model mammalian system. Therefore, in CHAPTER 5 I describe the creation and characterization of an Rnase1 knockout mouse. Preliminary analyses of Rnase1-/- mice indicate a role for RNase 1 in regulation of extracellular RNA, coagulation, and metabolic imbalance. Taken together, this thesis presents evidence for the evolving functional roles of mammalian RNase 1 and ribonuclease inhibitor, demonstrating important biological functions conserved across species.
Book Synopsis The Exocrine Pancreas by : Stephen Pandol
Download or read book The Exocrine Pancreas written by Stephen Pandol and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The secretions of the exocrine pancreas provide for digestion of a meal into components that are then available for processing and absorption by the intestinal epithelium. Without the exocrine pancreas, malabsorption and malnutrition result. This chapter describes the cellular participants responsible for the secretion of digestive enzymes and fluid that in combination provide a pancreatic secretion that accomplishes the digestive functions of the gland. Key cellular participants, the acinar cell and the duct cell, are responsible for digestive enzyme and fluid secretion, respectively, of the exocrine pancreas. This chapter describes the neurohumoral pathways that mediate the pancreatic response to a meal as well as details of the cellular mechanisms that are necessary for the organ responses, including protein synthesis and transport and ion transports, and the regulation of these responses by intracellular signaling systems. Examples of pancreatic diseases resulting from dysfunction in cellular mechanisms provide emphasis of the importance of the normal physiologic mechanisms.
Book Synopsis RNA Exosome by : Torben Heick Jensen
Download or read book RNA Exosome written by Torben Heick Jensen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diversity of RNAs inside living cells is amazing. We have known of the more “classic” RNA species: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA for some time now, but in a steady stream new types of molecules are being described as it is becoming clear that most of the genomic information of cells ends up in RNA. To deal with the enormous load of resulting RNA processing and degradation reactions, cells need adequate and efficient molecular machines. The RNA exosome is arising as a major facilitator to this effect. Structural and functional data gathered over the last decade have illustrated the biochemical importance of this multimeric complex and its many co-factors, revealing its enormous regulatory power. By gathering some of the most prominent researchers in the exosome field, it is the aim of this volume to introduce this fascinating protein complex as well as to give a timely and rich account of its many functions. The exosome was discovered more than a decade ago by Phil Mitchell and David Tollervey by its ability to trim the 3’end of yeast, S. cerevisiae, 5. 8S rRNA. In a historic account they laid out the events surrounding this identification and the subsequent birth of the research field. In the chapter by Kurt Januszyk and Christopher Lima the structural organization of eukaryotic exosomes and their evolutionary counterparts in bacteria and archaea are discussed in large part through presentation of structures.
Book Synopsis Ribozymes and RNA Catalysis by : David Malcolm James Lilley
Download or read book Ribozymes and RNA Catalysis written by David Malcolm James Lilley and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2008 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Takes the reader through the origins of catalysis in RNA and necessarily includes significant discussion of structure and folding. The main focus of the book concerns chemical mechanism with extensive comment on how, despite the importance of RNA catalysis in the cell, its origins are still poorly understood and often controversial. The reader is given an outline of the important role of RNA catalysis in many aspects of cell function, including RNA processing and translation.
Book Synopsis Long Non Coding RNA Biology by : M.R.S. Rao
Download or read book Long Non Coding RNA Biology written by M.R.S. Rao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-16 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of the various aspects of long non-coding RNAs and discusses their emerging significance. Written by leading experts in the field, it motivates young researchers around the globe, and offers graduate and postgraduate students fascinating insights into genes and their regulation in eukaryotes and higher organisms.
Book Synopsis Ribonucleases and Ribonuclease Inhibitors by : Jo Ellen Lomax
Download or read book Ribonucleases and Ribonuclease Inhibitors written by Jo Ellen Lomax and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pancreatic-type ribonucleases (ptRNases) comprise a class of highly conserved, vertebrate-specific, secretory endoribonucleases. They mediate diverse biological actions by catalyzing the cleavage of RNA, and are regulated by a ubiquitous cytosolic protein, ribonuclease inhibitor (RI). Little is known about the biological function of the prototype of this enzyme family, mammalian ribonuclease 1 (RNase 1). The goal of this thesis is to understand the endogenous functions of RNase 1 by a) analyses of recombinant proteins, b) interpretation of evolutionary patterns across species, and c) characterizing the absence of RNase 1 in a genetic model. Understanding the physiological roles of RNase 1 is becoming increasingly important as engineered forms of the enzyme are progressing through clinical trials. In CHAPTER 1, I summarize the large body of evidence indicating an important role for RNase 1 in human disease, and I describe several therapeutic applications of RNase 1. In CHAPTER 2, I highlight the innate characteristics of RNase 1 that enable its use as a protein-based drug, as well as efficacious modifications to further expand and exploit its therapeutic potential. Progress toward elucidating the endogenous functions of RNase 1 has been hindered by the historical view that all mammalian RNase 1 homologs are identical. In CHAPTER 3, I illuminate the functional evolution of RNase 1 across species and shed light on the roles of RNase 1 in mammals. In CHAPTER 4, I describe the structures and functions of the first reported non-mammalian RI proteins and explore the functional co-evolution of RI*RNase complexes across species. Mammalian RNase 1 is a secreted protein and primarily functions in the extracellular space. As such, study of systemic RNase 1 physiology requires a model mammalian system. Therefore, in CHAPTER 5 I describe the creation and characterization of an Rnase1 knockout mouse. Preliminary analyses of Rnase1-/- mice indicate a role for RNase 1 in regulation of extracellular RNA, coagulation, and metabolic imbalance. Taken together, this thesis presents evidence for the evolving functional roles of mammalian RNase 1 and ribonuclease inhibitor, demonstrating important biological functions conserved across species.
