Statistical Rethinking

Download Statistical Rethinking PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315362619
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Statistical Rethinking by : Richard McElreath

Download or read book Statistical Rethinking written by Richard McElreath and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-03 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical Rethinking: A Bayesian Course with Examples in R and Stan builds readers’ knowledge of and confidence in statistical modeling. Reflecting the need for even minor programming in today’s model-based statistics, the book pushes readers to perform step-by-step calculations that are usually automated. This unique computational approach ensures that readers understand enough of the details to make reasonable choices and interpretations in their own modeling work. The text presents generalized linear multilevel models from a Bayesian perspective, relying on a simple logical interpretation of Bayesian probability and maximum entropy. It covers from the basics of regression to multilevel models. The author also discusses measurement error, missing data, and Gaussian process models for spatial and network autocorrelation. By using complete R code examples throughout, this book provides a practical foundation for performing statistical inference. Designed for both PhD students and seasoned professionals in the natural and social sciences, it prepares them for more advanced or specialized statistical modeling. Web Resource The book is accompanied by an R package (rethinking) that is available on the author’s website and GitHub. The two core functions (map and map2stan) of this package allow a variety of statistical models to be constructed from standard model formulas.

Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition

Download Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439840954
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition by : Andrew Gelman

Download or read book Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition written by Andrew Gelman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, this classic book is widely considered the leading text on Bayesian methods, lauded for its accessible, practical approach to analyzing data and solving research problems. Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition continues to take an applied approach to analysis using up-to-date Bayesian methods. The authors—all leaders in the statistics community—introduce basic concepts from a data-analytic perspective before presenting advanced methods. Throughout the text, numerous worked examples drawn from real applications and research emphasize the use of Bayesian inference in practice. New to the Third Edition Four new chapters on nonparametric modeling Coverage of weakly informative priors and boundary-avoiding priors Updated discussion of cross-validation and predictive information criteria Improved convergence monitoring and effective sample size calculations for iterative simulation Presentations of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo, variational Bayes, and expectation propagation New and revised software code The book can be used in three different ways. For undergraduate students, it introduces Bayesian inference starting from first principles. For graduate students, the text presents effective current approaches to Bayesian modeling and computation in statistics and related fields. For researchers, it provides an assortment of Bayesian methods in applied statistics. Additional materials, including data sets used in the examples, solutions to selected exercises, and software instructions, are available on the book’s web page.

Revisiting Targeting in Social Assistance

Download Revisiting Targeting in Social Assistance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464818150
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Revisiting Targeting in Social Assistance by : Margaret Grosh

Download or read book Revisiting Targeting in Social Assistance written by Margaret Grosh and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-06-14 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Targeting is a commonly used, but much debated, policy tool within global social assistance practice. Revisiting Targeting in Social Assistance: A New Look at Old Dilemmas examines the well-known dilemmas in light of the growing body of experience, new implementation capacities, and the potential to bring new data and data science to bear. The book begins by considering why or whether or how narrowly or broadly to target different parts of social assistance and updates the global empirics around the outcomes and costs of targeting. It illustrates the choices that must be made in moving from an abstract vision to implementable definitions and procedures, and in deciding how the choices should be informed by values, empirics, and context. The importance of delivery systems and processes to distributional outcomes are emphasized, and many facets with room for improvement are discussed. The book also explores the choices between targeting methods and how differences in purposes and contexts shape those. The know-how with respect to the data and inference used by the different household-specific targeting methods is summarized and comprehensively updated, including a focus on “big data†? and machine learning. A primer on measurement issues is included. Key findings include the following: · Targeting selected categories, families, or individuals plays a valuable role within the framework of universal social protection. · Measuring the accuracy and cost of targeting can be done in many ways, and judicious choices require a range of metrics. · Weighing the relatively low costs of targeting against the potential gains is important. · Implementing inclusive delivery systems is critical for reducing errors of exclusion and inclusion. · Selecting and customizing the appropriate targeting method depends on purpose and context; there is no method preferred in all circumstances. · Leveraging advances in technology—ICT, big data, artificial intelligence, machine learning—can improve targeting accuracy, but they are not a panacea; better data matters more than sophistication in inference. · Targeting social protection should be a dynamic process.

Data Gathering, Analysis and Protection of Privacy Through Randomized Response Techniques: Qualitative and Quantitative Human Traits

Download Data Gathering, Analysis and Protection of Privacy Through Randomized Response Techniques: Qualitative and Quantitative Human Traits PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444635718
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Data Gathering, Analysis and Protection of Privacy Through Randomized Response Techniques: Qualitative and Quantitative Human Traits by :

Download or read book Data Gathering, Analysis and Protection of Privacy Through Randomized Response Techniques: Qualitative and Quantitative Human Traits written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-04-20 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data Gathering, Analysis and Protection of Privacy through Randomized Response Techniques: Qualitative and Quantitative Human Traits tackles how to gather and analyze data relating to stigmatizing human traits. S.L. Warner invented RRT and published it in JASA, 1965. In the 50 years since, the subject has grown tremendously, with continued growth. This book comprehensively consolidates the literature to commemorate the inception of RR. - Brings together all relevant aspects of randomized response and indirect questioning - Tackles how to gather and analyze data relating to stigmatizing human traits - Gives an encyclopedic coverage of the topic - Covers recent developments and extrapolates to future trends

The Connecticut River Ecological Study (1965-1973) Revisited

Download The Connecticut River Ecological Study (1965-1973) Revisited PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Connecticut River Ecological Study (1965-1973) Revisited by : Paul M. Jacobson

Download or read book The Connecticut River Ecological Study (1965-1973) Revisited written by Paul M. Jacobson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Doing Meta-Analysis with R

Download Doing Meta-Analysis with R PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000435636
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Doing Meta-Analysis with R by : Mathias Harrer

Download or read book Doing Meta-Analysis with R written by Mathias Harrer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-09-15 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doing Meta-Analysis with R: A Hands-On Guide serves as an accessible introduction on how meta-analyses can be conducted in R. Essential steps for meta-analysis are covered, including calculation and pooling of outcome measures, forest plots, heterogeneity diagnostics, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, methods to control for publication bias, risk of bias assessments and plotting tools. Advanced but highly relevant topics such as network meta-analysis, multi-three-level meta-analyses, Bayesian meta-analysis approaches and SEM meta-analysis are also covered. A companion R package, dmetar, is introduced at the beginning of the guide. It contains data sets and several helper functions for the meta and metafor package used in the guide. The programming and statistical background covered in the book are kept at a non-expert level, making the book widely accessible. Features • Contains two introductory chapters on how to set up an R environment and do basic imports/manipulations of meta-analysis data, including exercises • Describes statistical concepts clearly and concisely before applying them in R • Includes step-by-step guidance through the coding required to perform meta-analyses, and a companion R package for the book

Bayes and Empirical Bayes Methods for Data Analysis, Second Edition

Download Bayes and Empirical Bayes Methods for Data Analysis, Second Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Chapman and Hall/CRC
ISBN 13 : 9781584881704
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (817 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Bayes and Empirical Bayes Methods for Data Analysis, Second Edition by : Bradley P. Carlin

Download or read book Bayes and Empirical Bayes Methods for Data Analysis, Second Edition written by Bradley P. Carlin and published by Chapman and Hall/CRC. This book was released on 2000-06-22 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, Bayes and empirical Bayes (EB) methods have continued to increase in popularity and impact. Building on the first edition of their popular text, Carlin and Louis introduce these methods, demonstrate their usefulness in challenging applied settings, and show how they can be implemented using modern Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Their presentation is accessible to those new to Bayes and empirical Bayes methods, while providing in-depth coverage valuable to seasoned practitioners. With its broad appeal as a text for those in biomedical science, education, social science, agriculture, and engineering, this second edition offers a relatively gentle and comprehensive introduction for students and practitioners already familiar with more traditional frequentist statistical methods. Focusing on practical tools for data analysis, the book shows how properly structured Bayes and EB procedures typically have good frequentist and Bayesian performance, both in theory and in practice.

Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images

Download Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080466508
Total Pages : 689 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images by : William D. Penny

Download or read book Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images written by William D. Penny and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an age where the amount of data collected from brain imaging is increasing constantly, it is of critical importance to analyse those data within an accepted framework to ensure proper integration and comparison of the information collected. This book describes the ideas and procedures that underlie the analysis of signals produced by the brain. The aim is to understand how the brain works, in terms of its functional architecture and dynamics. This book provides the background and methodology for the analysis of all types of brain imaging data, from functional magnetic resonance imaging to magnetoencephalography. Critically, Statistical Parametric Mapping provides a widely accepted conceptual framework which allows treatment of all these different modalities. This rests on an understanding of the brain's functional anatomy and the way that measured signals are caused experimentally. The book takes the reader from the basic concepts underlying the analysis of neuroimaging data to cutting edge approaches that would be difficult to find in any other source. Critically, the material is presented in an incremental way so that the reader can understand the precedents for each new development. This book will be particularly useful to neuroscientists engaged in any form of brain mapping; who have to contend with the real-world problems of data analysis and understanding the techniques they are using. It is primarily a scientific treatment and a didactic introduction to the analysis of brain imaging data. It can be used as both a textbook for students and scientists starting to use the techniques, as well as a reference for practicing neuroscientists. The book also serves as a companion to the software packages that have been developed for brain imaging data analysis. - An essential reference and companion for users of the SPM software - Provides a complete description of the concepts and procedures entailed by the analysis of brain images - Offers full didactic treatment of the basic mathematics behind the analysis of brain imaging data - Stands as a compendium of all the advances in neuroimaging data analysis over the past decade - Adopts an easy to understand and incremental approach that takes the reader from basic statistics to state of the art approaches such as Variational Bayes - Structured treatment of data analysis issues that links different modalities and models - Includes a series of appendices and tutorial-style chapters that makes even the most sophisticated approaches accessible

A First Course in Bayesian Statistical Methods

Download A First Course in Bayesian Statistical Methods PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387924078
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (879 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A First Course in Bayesian Statistical Methods by : Peter D. Hoff

Download or read book A First Course in Bayesian Statistical Methods written by Peter D. Hoff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A self-contained introduction to probability, exchangeability and Bayes’ rule provides a theoretical understanding of the applied material. Numerous examples with R-code that can be run "as-is" allow the reader to perform the data analyses themselves. The development of Monte Carlo and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods in the context of data analysis examples provides motivation for these computational methods.

Applied Statistics Using R

Download Applied Statistics Using R PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1529766141
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (297 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Applied Statistics Using R by : Mehmet Mehmetoglu

Download or read book Applied Statistics Using R written by Mehmet Mehmetoglu and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2021-11-10 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you want to learn to use R for data analysis but aren’t sure how to get started, this practical book will help you find the right path through your data. Drawing on real-world data to show you how to use different techniques in practice, it helps you progress your programming and statistics knowledge so you can apply the most appropriate tools in your research. It starts with descriptive statistics and moves through regression to advanced techniques such as structural equation modelling and Bayesian statistics, all with digestible mathematical detail for beginner researchers. The book: Shows you how to use R packages and apply functions, adjusting them to suit different datasets. Gives you the tools to try new statistical techniques and empowers you to become confident using them. Encourages you to learn by doing when running and adapting the authors’ own code. Equips you with solutions to overcome the potential challenges of working with real data that may be messy or imperfect. Accompanied by online resources including screencast tutorials of R that give you step by step guidance and R scripts and datasets for you to practice with, this book is a perfect companion for any student of applied statistics or quantitative research methods courses.

Bayesian Nonparametric Data Analysis

Download Bayesian Nonparametric Data Analysis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319189689
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Bayesian Nonparametric Data Analysis by : Peter Müller

Download or read book Bayesian Nonparametric Data Analysis written by Peter Müller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews nonparametric Bayesian methods and models that have proven useful in the context of data analysis. Rather than providing an encyclopedic review of probability models, the book’s structure follows a data analysis perspective. As such, the chapters are organized by traditional data analysis problems. In selecting specific nonparametric models, simpler and more traditional models are favored over specialized ones. The discussed methods are illustrated with a wealth of examples, including applications ranging from stylized examples to case studies from recent literature. The book also includes an extensive discussion of computational methods and details on their implementation. R code for many examples is included in online software pages.

Doing Bayesian Data Analysis

Download Doing Bayesian Data Analysis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123814863
Total Pages : 673 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Doing Bayesian Data Analysis by : John Kruschke

Download or read book Doing Bayesian Data Analysis written by John Kruschke and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an explosion of interest in Bayesian statistics, primarily because recently created computational methods have finally made Bayesian analysis tractable and accessible to a wide audience. Doing Bayesian Data Analysis, A Tutorial Introduction with R and BUGS, is for first year graduate students or advanced undergraduates and provides an accessible approach, as all mathematics is explained intuitively and with concrete examples. It assumes only algebra and 'rusty' calculus. Unlike other textbooks, this book begins with the basics, including essential concepts of probability and random sampling. The book gradually climbs all the way to advanced hierarchical modeling methods for realistic data. The text provides complete examples with the R programming language and BUGS software (both freeware), and begins with basic programming examples, working up gradually to complete programs for complex analyses and presentation graphics. These templates can be easily adapted for a large variety of students and their own research needs.The textbook bridges the students from their undergraduate training into modern Bayesian methods. - Accessible, including the basics of essential concepts of probability and random sampling - Examples with R programming language and BUGS software - Comprehensive coverage of all scenarios addressed by non-bayesian textbooks- t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparisons in ANOVA, multiple regression, and chi-square (contingency table analysis). - Coverage of experiment planning - R and BUGS computer programming code on website - Exercises have explicit purposes and guidelines for accomplishment

Statistical Inference as Severe Testing

Download Statistical Inference as Severe Testing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108563309
Total Pages : 503 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Statistical Inference as Severe Testing by : Deborah G. Mayo

Download or read book Statistical Inference as Severe Testing written by Deborah G. Mayo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mounting failures of replication in social and biological sciences give a new urgency to critically appraising proposed reforms. This book pulls back the cover on disagreements between experts charged with restoring integrity to science. It denies two pervasive views of the role of probability in inference: to assign degrees of belief, and to control error rates in a long run. If statistical consumers are unaware of assumptions behind rival evidence reforms, they can't scrutinize the consequences that affect them (in personalized medicine, psychology, etc.). The book sets sail with a simple tool: if little has been done to rule out flaws in inferring a claim, then it has not passed a severe test. Many methods advocated by data experts do not stand up to severe scrutiny and are in tension with successful strategies for blocking or accounting for cherry picking and selective reporting. Through a series of excursions and exhibits, the philosophy and history of inductive inference come alive. Philosophical tools are put to work to solve problems about science and pseudoscience, induction and falsification.

Water Resource Systems Planning and Management

Download Water Resource Systems Planning and Management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319442341
Total Pages : 635 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Water Resource Systems Planning and Management by : Daniel P. Loucks

Download or read book Water Resource Systems Planning and Management written by Daniel P. Loucks and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license. This revised, updated textbook presents a systems approach to the planning, management, and operation of water resources infrastructure in the environment. Previously published in 2005 by UNESCO and Deltares (Delft Hydraulics at the time), this new edition, written again with contributions from Jery R. Stedinger, Jozef P. M. Dijkman, and Monique T. Villars, is aimed equally at students and professionals. It introduces readers to the concept of viewing issues involving water resources as a system of multiple interacting components and scales. It offers guidelines for initiating and carrying out water resource system planning and management projects. It introduces alternative optimization, simulation, and statistical methods useful for project identification, design, siting, operation and evaluation and for studying post-planning issues. The authors cover both basin-wide and urban water issues and present ways of identifying and evaluating alternatives for addressing multiple-purpose and multi-objective water quantity and quality management challenges. Reinforced with cases studies, exercises, and media supplements throughout, the text is ideal for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in water resource planning and management as well as for practicing planners and engineers in the field.

Linear and Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Their Applications

Download Linear and Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Their Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387479465
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (874 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Linear and Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Their Applications by : Jiming Jiang

Download or read book Linear and Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Their Applications written by Jiming Jiang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-30 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers two major classes of mixed effects models, linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. It presents an up-to-date account of theory and methods in analysis of these models as well as their applications in various fields. The book offers a systematic approach to inference about non-Gaussian linear mixed models. Furthermore, it includes recently developed methods, such as mixed model diagnostics, mixed model selection, and jackknife method in the context of mixed models. The book is aimed at students, researchers and other practitioners who are interested in using mixed models for statistical data analysis.

All of Statistics

Download All of Statistics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387217363
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis All of Statistics by : Larry Wasserman

Download or read book All of Statistics written by Larry Wasserman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taken literally, the title "All of Statistics" is an exaggeration. But in spirit, the title is apt, as the book does cover a much broader range of topics than a typical introductory book on mathematical statistics. This book is for people who want to learn probability and statistics quickly. It is suitable for graduate or advanced undergraduate students in computer science, mathematics, statistics, and related disciplines. The book includes modern topics like non-parametric curve estimation, bootstrapping, and classification, topics that are usually relegated to follow-up courses. The reader is presumed to know calculus and a little linear algebra. No previous knowledge of probability and statistics is required. Statistics, data mining, and machine learning are all concerned with collecting and analysing data.

Bayesian Statistical Methods

Download Bayesian Statistical Methods PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429510918
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Bayesian Statistical Methods by : Brian J. Reich

Download or read book Bayesian Statistical Methods written by Brian J. Reich and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bayesian Statistical Methods provides data scientists with the foundational and computational tools needed to carry out a Bayesian analysis. This book focuses on Bayesian methods applied routinely in practice including multiple linear regression, mixed effects models and generalized linear models (GLM). The authors include many examples with complete R code and comparisons with analogous frequentist procedures. In addition to the basic concepts of Bayesian inferential methods, the book covers many general topics: Advice on selecting prior distributions Computational methods including Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Model-comparison and goodness-of-fit measures, including sensitivity to priors Frequentist properties of Bayesian methods Case studies covering advanced topics illustrate the flexibility of the Bayesian approach: Semiparametric regression Handling of missing data using predictive distributions Priors for high-dimensional regression models Computational techniques for large datasets Spatial data analysis The advanced topics are presented with sufficient conceptual depth that the reader will be able to carry out such analysis and argue the relative merits of Bayesian and classical methods. A repository of R code, motivating data sets, and complete data analyses are available on the book’s website. Brian J. Reich, Associate Professor of Statistics at North Carolina State University, is currently the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics and was awarded the LeRoy & Elva Martin Teaching Award. Sujit K. Ghosh, Professor of Statistics at North Carolina State University, has over 22 years of research and teaching experience in conducting Bayesian analyses, received the Cavell Brownie mentoring award, and served as the Deputy Director at the Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Institute.