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Research In The Life Sciences With Dual Use Potential
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Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309458889 Total Pages :115 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-10-01 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential misuse of advances in life sciences research is raising concerns about national security threats. Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences: Current Issues and Controversies examines the U.S. strategy for reducing biosecurity risks in life sciences research and considers mechanisms that would allow researchers to manage the dissemination of the results of research while mitigating the potential for harm to national security.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309458919 Total Pages :115 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential misuse of advances in life sciences research is raising concerns about national security threats. Dual Use Research of Concern in the Life Sciences: Current Issues and Controversies examines the U.S. strategy for reducing biosecurity risks in life sciences research and considers mechanisms that would allow researchers to manage the dissemination of the results of research while mitigating the potential for harm to national security.
Book Synopsis Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences by : National Research Council
Download or read book Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-16 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences workshop was held to engage the life sciences community on the particular security issues related to research with dual use potential. More than 60 participants from almost 30 countries took part and included practicing life scientists, bioethics and biosecurity practitioners, and experts in the design of educational programs. The workshop sought to identify a baseline about (1) the extent to which dual use issues are currently being included in postsecondary education (undergraduate and postgraduate) in the life sciences; (2) in what contexts that education is occurring (e.g., in formal coursework, informal settings, as stand-alone subjects or part of more general training, and in what fields); and (3) what online educational materials addressing research in the life sciences with dual use potential already exist.
Book Synopsis Research in the Life Sciences with Dual Use Potential by : Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Download or read book Research in the Life Sciences with Dual Use Potential written by Bibliotheca Alexandrina and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-05-26 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many countries, colleges and universities are where the majority of innovative research is done; in all cases, they are where future scientists receive both their initial training and their initial introduction to the norms of scientific conduct regardless of their eventual career paths. Thus, institutions of higher education are particularly relevant to the tasks of education on research with dual use potential, whether for faculty, postdoctoral researchers, graduate and undergraduate students, or technical staff. Research in the Life Sciences with Dual Use Potential describes the outcomes of the planning meeting for a two-year project to develop a network of faculty who will be able to teach the challenges of research in the life sciences with dual use potential. Faculty will be able to incorporate such concepts into their teaching and research through exposure to the tenets of responsible conduct of research in active learning teaching methods. This report is intended to provide guidelines for that effort and to be applicable to any country wishing to adopt this educational model that combines principles of active learning and training with attention to norms of responsible science. The potential audiences include a broad array of current and future scientists and the policymakers who develop laws and regulations around issues of dual use.
Book Synopsis Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-11-10 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a series of regional meetings on university campuses with officials from the national security community and academic research institutions, this report identifies specific actions that should be taken to maintain a thriving scientific research environment in an era of heightened security concerns. Actions include maintaining the open exchange of scientific information, fostering a productive environment for international scholars in the U.S., reexamining federal definitions of sensitive but unclassified research, and reviewing policies on deemed export controls. The federal government should establish a standing entity, preferably a Science and Security Commission, that would review policies regarding the exchange of information and the participation of foreign-born scientists and students in research.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309477999 Total Pages :211 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Governance of Dual Use Research in the Life Sciences by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Governance of Dual Use Research in the Life Sciences written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-12-26 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuing advances in science and technology offer the promise of providing tools to meet global challenges in health, agriculture, the environment, and economic development; some of the benefits are already being realized. However, such advances have the potential to challenge the oversight systems for responsible conduct of life sciences research with dual use potential â€" research that may have beneficial applications but that also could be misused to cause harm. Between June 10 and 13, 2018, more than 70 participants from 30 different countries and 5 international organizations took part in an international workshop, The Governance of Dual Use Research in the Life Sciences: Advancing Global Consensus on Research Oversight, to promote global dialogue and increased common understandings of the essential elements of governance for such research. Hosted by the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Zagreb, Croatia, the workshop was a collaboration among the InterAcademy Partnership, the Croatian Academy, the Croatian Society for Biosafety and Biosecurity, and the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Book Synopsis On the Dual Uses of Science and Ethics by : Michael J. Selgelid
Download or read book On the Dual Uses of Science and Ethics written by Michael J. Selgelid and published by ANU E Press. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Claims about the transformations enabled by modern science and medicine have been accompanied by an unsettling question in recent years: might the knowledge being produced undermine – rather than further – human and animal well being? On the Dual Uses of Science and Ethics examines the potential for the skills, know-how, information, and techniques associated with modern biology to serve contrasting ends. In recognition of the moral ambiguity of science and technology, each chapter considers steps that might be undertaken to prevent the deliberate spread of disease. Central to achieving this aim is the consideration of what role ethics might serve. To date, the ethical analysis of the themes of this volume has been limited. This book remedies this situation by bringing together contributors from a broad range of backgrounds to address a highly important ethical issue confronting humanity during the 21st century.
Book Synopsis Research in the Life Sciences with Dual Use Potential by : Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Download or read book Research in the Life Sciences with Dual Use Potential written by Bibliotheca Alexandrina and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many countries, colleges and universities are where the majority of innovative research is done; in all cases, they are where future scientists receive both their initial training and their initial introduction to the norms of scientific conduct regardless of their eventual career paths. Thus, institutions of higher education are particularly relevant to the tasks of education on research with dual use potential, whether for faculty, postdoctoral researchers, graduate and undergraduate students, or technical staff. Research in the Life Sciences with Dual Use Potential describes the outcomes of the planning meeting for a two-year project to develop a network of faculty who will be able to teach the challenges of research in the life sciences with dual use potential. Faculty will be able to incorporate such concepts into their teaching and research through exposure to the tenets of responsible conduct of research in active learning teaching methods. This report is intended to provide guidelines for that effort and to be applicable to any country wishing to adopt this educational model that combines principles of active learning and training with attention to norms of responsible science. The potential audiences include a broad array of current and future scientists and the policymakers who develop laws and regulations around issues of dual use.
Author :Committee on Education on Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780309383721 Total Pages :146 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (837 download)
Book Synopsis Challenges and Opportunities for Education about Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences by : Committee on Education on Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences
Download or read book Challenges and Opportunities for Education about Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences written by Committee on Education on Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences workshop was held to engage the life sciences community on the particular security issues related to research with dual use potential. More than 60 participants from almost 30 countries took part and included practicing life scientists, bioethics and biosecurity practitioners, and experts in the design of educational programs. The workshop sought to identify a baseline about (1) the extent to which dual use issues are currently being included in postsecondary education (undergraduate and postgraduate) in the life sciences; (2) in what contexts that education is occurring (e.g., in formal coursework, informal settings, as stand-alone subjects or part of more general training, and in what fields); and (3) what online educational materials addressing research in the life sciences with dual use potential already exist.
Book Synopsis Global guidance framework for the responsible use of the life sciences by :
Download or read book Global guidance framework for the responsible use of the life sciences written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The framework aims to provide global perspectives on principles, tools and mechanisms to support Member States and relevant stakeholders to mitigate and prevent biorisks and govern dual-use research. The framework adopts the One health approach and focuses on the role that responsible life sciences research can play in preventing and mitigating risks caused by accidents, inadvertent or deliberate misuse with the intention to cause harm to humans, nonhuman animals, plants and agriculture, and the environment. The framework is primarily intended for those who have responsibilities in the governance of biorisks, such as policy makers and regulators in charge of developing national policies to harness the potential benefits of the life sciences while constraining their risks. The framework is also directed towards scientists and research institutions, educators, trainers, project management staff, funding bodies, publishers, editors, the private sector and all relevant stakeholders that are part of the research life cycle. The governance of biorisks is an issue that should engage all countries, although countries will have different contexts, needs and starting points. Mitigating these risks will require individual and collective actions among different stakeholders and disciplines. Mitigating biorisks and governing dual-use research is a shared responsibility.
Book Synopsis Ethical and Philosophical Consideration of the Dual-Use Dilemma in the Biological Sciences by : Seumas Miller
Download or read book Ethical and Philosophical Consideration of the Dual-Use Dilemma in the Biological Sciences written by Seumas Miller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-30 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What Is the Dual-Use Dilemma? The so-called “dual-use dilemma” arises in the context of research in the biological and other sciences as a consequence of the fact that one and the same piece of sci- tific research sometimes has the potential to be used for harm as well as for good. A dual-use dilemma is an ethical dilemma, and an ethical dilemma for the researcher (and for those who have the power or authority to assist or impede the researcher’s work, e. g. , governments). It is an ethical dilemma since it is about promoting good in the context of the potential for also causing harm, e. g. , the p- motion of health in the context of providing the wherewithal for the killing of in- cents. It is an ethical dilemma for the researcher not because he or she is aiming at anything other than a good outcome; typically, the researcher intends no harm, but only good. Rather, the dilemma arises for the researcher because of the potential actions of others. Malevolent non-researchers might steal dangerous biological agents produced by the researcher; alternatively, other researchers—or at least their governments or leadership—might use the results of the original researcher’s work for malevolent purposes. The malevolent purposes in question include bioterrorism, biowarfare and blackmail for financial gain.
Author :National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Education on Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (139 download)
Book Synopsis Challenges and Opportunities for Education about Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences by : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Education on Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences
Download or read book Challenges and Opportunities for Education about Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Education on Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences workshop was held to engage the life sciences community on the particular security issues related to research with dual use potential. More than 60 participants from almost 30 countries took part and included practicing life scientists, bioethics and biosecurity practitioners, and experts in the design of educational programs. The workshop sought to identify a baseline about (1) the extent to which dual use issues are currently being included in postsecondary education (undergraduate and postgraduate) in the life sciences; (2) in what contexts that education is occurring (e.g., in formal coursework, informal settings, as stand-alone subjects or part of more general training, and in what fields); and (3) what online educational materials addressing research in the life sciences with dual use potential already exist.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309465184 Total Pages :189 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-05 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.
Book Synopsis Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism by : National Research Council
Download or read book Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-02 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years much has happened to justify an examination of biological research in light of national security concerns. The destructive application of biotechnology research includes activities such as spreading common pathogens or transforming them into even more lethal forms. Policymakers and the scientific community at large must put forth a vigorous and immediate response to this challenge. This new book by the National Research Council recommends that the government expand existing regulations and rely on self-governance by scientists rather than adopt intrusive new policies. One key recommendation of the report is that the government should not attempt to regulate scientific publishing but should trust scientists and journals to screen their papers for security risks, a task some journals have already taken up. With biological information and tools widely distributed, regulating only U.S. researchers would have little effect. A new International Forum on Biosecurity should encourage the adoption of similar measures around the world. Seven types of risky studies would require approval by the Institutional Biosafety Committees that already oversee recombinant DNA research at some 400 U.S. institutions. These "experiments of concern" include making an infectious agent more lethal and rendering vaccines powerless.
Author :American Association for the Advancement of Science Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :030914180X Total Pages :189 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis A Survey of Attitudes and Actions on Dual Use Research in the Life Sciences by : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Download or read book A Survey of Attitudes and Actions on Dual Use Research in the Life Sciences written by American Association for the Advancement of Science and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The same technologies that fuel scientific advances also pose potential risks-that the knowledge, tools, and techniques gained through legitimate biotechnology research could be misused to create biological weapons or for bioterrorism. This is often called the dual use dilemma of the life sciences. Yet even research with the greatest potential for misuse may offer significant benefits. Determining how to constrain the danger without harming essential scientific research is critical for national security as well as prosperity and well-being. This book discusses a 2007 survey of American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) members in the life sciences about their knowledge of dual use issues and attitudes about their responsibilities to help mitigate the risks of misuse of their research. Overall, the results suggest that there may be considerable support for approaches to oversight that rely on measures that are developed and implemented by the scientific community itself. The responses also suggest that there is a need to clarify the scope of research activities of concern and to provide guidance about what actions scientists can take to reduce the risk that their research will be misused by those with malicious intent.
Book Synopsis Innovation, Dual Use, and Security by : Jonathan B. Tucker
Download or read book Innovation, Dual Use, and Security written by Jonathan B. Tucker and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in disciplines such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, and neuropharmacology entail a "dual-use dilemma" because they promise benefits for human health and welfare yet pose the risk of misuse for hostile purposes. The emerging field of synthetic genomics, for example, can produce custom DNA molecules for life-saving drugs but also makes possible the creation of deadly viral agents for biological warfare or terrorism. The challenge for policymakers is to prevent the misuse of these new technologies without forgoing their benefits . Innovation, Dual Use, and Security offers a systematic approach for managing the dual-use dilemma. The book presents a "decision framework" for assessing the security risks of emerging technologies and fashioning governance strategies to manage those risks. This framework is applied to fourteen contemporary case studies, including synthetic genomics, DNA shuffling and directed evolution, combinatorial chemistry, protein engineering, immunological modulation, and aerosol vaccines. The book also draws useful lessons from two historical cases: the development of the V-series nerve agents in Britain and the use and misuse of LSD by the U.S. Army and the CIA. Innovation, Dual Use, and Security offers a comprehensive, multifaceted introduction to the challenges of governing dual-use technologies in an era of rapid innovation. The book will be of interest to government officials and other practitioners as well as to students and scholars in security studies, science and technology studies, biology, and chemistry.
Book Synopsis Tools for the Identification, Assessment, Management, and Responsible Communication of Dual Use Research of Concern by : National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Download or read book Tools for the Identification, Assessment, Management, and Responsible Communication of Dual Use Research of Concern written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The March 2012 DURC Policy sets forth a process of regular Federal review of USG-funded or USG-conducted research and requires Federal agencies that fund or sponsor life sciences research to identify DURC and evaluate this research for possible risks, as well as benefits, and to ensure that risks are appropriately managed and benefits realized. The Policy for Institutional DURC Oversight complements the March 2012 DURC Policy by establishing review procedures and oversight requirements for the same scope of research at the institutions that receive Federal funds for life sciences research. Together, these two policies work to engage the life sciences research community and the Federal departments and agencies that fund such research in a shared commitment to address the risk that knowledge, information, products, or technologies generated from life sciences research could be used for harm. In addition, the Policy for Institutional DURC Oversight and the March 2012 DURC Policy emphasize a culture of responsibility by reminding all involved parties of the shared duty to uphold the integrity of science and prevent its misuse. This Companion Guide comprises a set of tools designed for institutions, principal investigators (PIs), and institutional review entities (IREs) implementing the Policy for Institutional DURC Oversight. However, it is anticipated that much of the guidance embedded in these tools, such as the identification of DURC, risk-benefit assessments, and developing risk mitigation strategies, may also be helpful for Federal agencies in the implementation of the March 2012 DURC Policy. Such guidance may also be applied more broadly to research that is not within the scope of these policies but that may warrant review for dual use potential and special oversight, and it may be used by others within the scientific community (e.g., journal editors) that are not subject to these policies.
