Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309251834
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base by : National Research Council

Download or read book Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-21 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base is the summary of a workshop held August 11, 2011, as part of an 18-month study of the issue. This book assesses the STEM capabilities that the Department of Defense (DOD) needs in order to meet its goals, objectives, and priorities; to assess whether the current DOD workforce and strategy will meet those needs; and to identify and evaluate options and recommend strategies that the department could use to help meet its future STEM needs.

Assuring the U.S. Department of Defense a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030926216X
Total Pages : 157 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Assuring the U.S. Department of Defense a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assuring the U.S. Department of Defense a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-10-31 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of the nation's military to prevail during future conflicts, and to fulfill its humanitarian and other missions, depends on continued advances in the nation's technology base. A workforce with robust Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) capabilities is critical to sustaining U.S. preeminence. Today, however, the STEM activities of the Department of Defense (DOD) are a small and diminishing part of the nation's overall science and engineering enterprise. Assuring the U.S. Department of Defense a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce presents five principal recommendations for attracting, retaining, and managing highly qualified STEM talent within the department based on an examination of the current STEM workforce of DOD and the defense industrial base. As outlined in the report, DOD should focus its investments to ensure that STEM competencies in all potentially critical, emerging topical areas are maintained at least at a basic level within the department and its industrial and university bases.

An Interim Report on Assuring DoD a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309260078
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis An Interim Report on Assuring DoD a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce by : National Research Council

Download or read book An Interim Report on Assuring DoD a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Interim Report on Assuring DoD a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce is a report on the science, technology, mathematics, and engineering (STEM) workforce of the Department of Defense (DOD) and the U.S. defense industrial base is part of an 18-month study to assess the STEM capabilities that the DOD will need in order to meet its goals, objectives, and priorities. This study also assesses whether the current DOD workforce and strategy will meet those needs; and indentifies and evaluates options and recommends strategies that the department could use to help meet its future STEM needs. This study was undertaken by the National Academy of Engineering and the National Research Council. This report was issued for the purpose of assisting Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering with its fiscal year 2012 planning process and with laying the groundwork for future years. Earlier in the project, the Committee on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base convened a workshop on August 1 and 2, 2011, in Rosslyn, Virginia. This workshop met for the purpose of gathering a broad range of views from the public sector and the private sector. This includes major defense contractors, and from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), all of which are stakeholders in the future STEM workforce. At the conclusion of this study, a final report will be released.

Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030925180X
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base by : National Research Council

Download or read book Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-03-21 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base is the summary of a workshop held August 11, 2011, as part of an 18-month study of the issue. This book assesses the STEM capabilities that the Department of Defense (DOD) needs in order to meet its goals, objectives, and priorities; to assess whether the current DOD workforce and strategy will meet those needs; and to identify and evaluate options and recommend strategies that the department could use to help meet its future STEM needs.

Curriculum Models for the 21st Century

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461473667
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Curriculum Models for the 21st Century by : Maree Gosper

Download or read book Curriculum Models for the 21st Century written by Maree Gosper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changing student profiles and the increasing availability of mainstream and specialized learning technologies are stretching the traditional face-to-face models of teaching and learning in higher education. Institutions, too, are facing far-reaching systemic changes which are placing strains on existing resources and physical infrastructure and calling into question traditional ways of teaching through lectures and tutorials. And, with an ever-increasing scrutiny on teaching and teachers’ accountability for positive educational outcomes, the call for closer attention to learning, teaching and, most especially, to the design and delivery of the curriculum is given increasing relevance and importance. Research provides strong evidence of the potential for technologies to facilitate not only cognition and learning but also to become integral components in the redesign of current curriculum models. Some Universities and individual academics have moved along this pathway, developing new and innovative curriculum, blending pedagogies and technologies to suit their circumstances. Yet, there are others, unsure of the possibilities, the opportunities and constraints in these changing times. Curriculum Models for the 21st Century gives insights into how teaching and learning can be done differently. The focus is on a whole of curriculum approach, looking at theoretical models and examples of practice which capitalize on the potential of technologies to deliver variations and alternatives to the more traditional lecture-based model of University teaching.​

Engineering Education for a Smart Society

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319609378
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Engineering Education for a Smart Society by : Michael E. Auer

Download or read book Engineering Education for a Smart Society written by Michael E. Auer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected papers from the ‘World Engineering Education Forum & Global Engineering Deans Council,’ held in November 2016 in Seoul, Korea. The massive changes currently underway in all areas of society, especially in engineering (and consequently in engineering education), call for new pedagogic qualifications and approaches. To face these current real-world challenges, higher education has to find innovative ways to quickly respond to these new needs. The papers gathered here address three essential problems:- The main approach to engineering in the 21st century is collaboration - at many levels, within universities or colleges, between institutions, and on a global scale. At the same time, we need a new quality of collaboration between academia, industry, professional and governmental organizations. - The complexity of engineering projects and solutions is rapidly growing, and increasingly includes non-technical aspects. - One of the key tasks for future engineers will be the development of a sustainable society, which is essential to keeping the global environment in balance.

Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309440068
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-06-04 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skilled technical occupationsâ€"defined as occupations that require a high level of knowledge in a technical domain but do not require a bachelor's degree for entryâ€"are a key component of the U.S. economy. In response to globalization and advances in science and technology, American firms are demanding workers with greater proficiency in literacy and numeracy, as well as strong interpersonal, technical, and problem-solving skills. However, employer surveys and industry and government reports have raised concerns that the nation may not have an adequate supply of skilled technical workers to achieve its competitiveness and economic growth objectives. In response to the broader need for policy information and advice, Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce examines the coverage, effectiveness, flexibility, and coordination of the policies and various programs that prepare Americans for skilled technical jobs. This report provides action-oriented recommendations for improving the American system of technical education, training, and certification.

Department of Defense Appropriations for 2012: FY 2012 Air Force budget overview; Defense acquisitions; U.S. Pacific Command and U.S. Forces Korea; Defense Health Program; Outside witness testimony

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Department of Defense Appropriations for 2012: FY 2012 Air Force budget overview; Defense acquisitions; U.S. Pacific Command and U.S. Forces Korea; Defense Health Program; Outside witness testimony by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Defense

Download or read book Department of Defense Appropriations for 2012: FY 2012 Air Force budget overview; Defense acquisitions; U.S. Pacific Command and U.S. Forces Korea; Defense Health Program; Outside witness testimony written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Department of Defense Appropriations for 2012

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Department of Defense Appropriations for 2012 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Defense

Download or read book Department of Defense Appropriations for 2012 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Developing a National STEM Workforce Strategy

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030939161X
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Developing a National STEM Workforce Strategy by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Developing a National STEM Workforce Strategy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future competitiveness of the United States in an increasingly interconnected global economy depends on the nation fostering a workforce with strong capabilities and skills in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). STEM knowledge and skills enable both individual opportunity and national competitiveness, and the nation needs to develop ways of ensuring access to high-quality education and training experiences for all students at all levels and for all workers at all career stages. The National Science Foundation (NSF) holds a primary responsibility for overseeing the federal government's efforts to foster the creation of a STEM-capable workforce. As part of its efforts in this endeavor, NSF's Directorate on Education and Human Resources asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a workshop that would contribute to NSF's preparation of a theoretical and evidence-based STEM Workforce Development R&D Core Framework. Participants discussed research themes, identified gaps and emerging research opportunities, and recommended refinements in the goals of the framework. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2009

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2009 by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services

Download or read book Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2009 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hearing on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, Subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threats and Capabilities Hearing on

Download Hearing on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, Subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threats and Capabilities Hearing on PDF Online Free

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Hearing on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, Subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threats and Capabilities Hearing on by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threats and Capabilities

Download or read book Hearing on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, Subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threats and Capabilities Hearing on written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threats and Capabilities and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (Stem) Education

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Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN 13 : 9781479106103
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (Stem) Education by : Heather B. Gonzalez

Download or read book Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (Stem) Education written by Heather B. Gonzalez and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term “STEM education” refers to teaching and learning in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. It typically includes educational activities across all grade levels—from pre-school to post-doctorate—in both formal (e.g., classrooms) and informal (e.g., afterschool programs) settings. Federal policymakers have an active and enduring interest in STEM education and the topic is frequently raised in federal science, education, workforce, national security, and immigration policy debates. For example, more than 200 bills containing the term “science education” were introduced between the 100th and 110th congresses. The United States is widely believed to perform poorly in STEM education. However, the data paint a complicated picture. By some measures, U.S. students appear to be doing quite well. For example, overall graduate enrollments in science and engineering (S&E) grew 35% over the last decade. Further, S&E enrollments for Hispanic/Latino, American Indian/Alaska Native, and African American students (all of whom are generally underrepresented in S&E) grew by 65%, 55%, and 50%, respectively. On the other hand, concerns remain about persistent academic achievement gaps between various demographic groups, STEM teacher quality, the rankings of U.S. students on international STEM assessments, foreign student enrollments and increased education attainment in other countries, and the ability of the U.S. STEM education system to meet domestic demand for STEM labor. Various attempts to assess the federal STEM education effort have produced different estimates of its scope and scale. Analysts have identified between 105 and 252 STEM education programs or activities at 13 to 15 federal agencies. Annual federal appropriations for STEM education are typically in the range of $2.8 billion to $3.4 billion. All published inventories identify the Department of Education, National Science Foundation, and Health and Human Services as key agencies in the federal effort. Over half of federal STEM education funding is intended to serve the needs of postsecondary schools and students; the remainder goes to efforts at the kindergarten-through-Grade 12 level. Much of the funding for post-secondary students is in the form of financial aid. Federal STEM education policy concerns center on issues that relate to STEM education as a whole—such as governance of the federal effort and broadening participation of underrepresented populations—as well as those that are specific to STEM education at the elementary, secondary, and postsecondary levels. Governance concerns focus on perceived duplication and lack of coordination in the federal effort; broadening participation concerns tend to highlight achievement gaps between various demographic groups. Analysts suggest a variety of policy proposals in elementary, secondary, and postsecondary STEM education. At the K-12 level, these include proposals to address teacher quality, accountability, and standards. At the post-secondary level, proposals center on efforts to remediate and retain students in STEM majors. This report is intended to serve as a primer for outlining existing STEM education policy issues and programs. It includes assessments of the federal STEM education effort and the condition of STEM education in the United States, as well as an analysis of several of the policy issues central to the contemporary federal conversation about STEM education. Appendix A contains frequently cited data and sources and Appendix B includes a selection of major STEM-related acts.

Minority Serving Institutions

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309484448
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Minority Serving Institutions by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Minority Serving Institutions written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-02-05 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are over 20 million young people of color in the United States whose representation in STEM education pathways and in the STEM workforce is still far below their numbers in the general population. Their participation could help re-establish the United States' preeminence in STEM innovation and productivity, while also increasing the number of well-educated STEM workers. There are nearly 700 minority-serving institutions (MSIs) that provide pathways to STEM educational success and workforce readiness for millions of students of colorâ€"and do so in a mission-driven and intentional manner. They vary substantially in their origins, missions, student demographics, and levels of institutional selectivity. But in general, their service to the nation provides a gateway to higher education and the workforce, particularly for underrepresented students of color and those from low-income and first-generation to college backgrounds. The challenge for the nation is how to capitalize on the unique strengths and attributes of these institutions and to equip them with the resources, exceptional faculty talent, and vital infrastructure needed to educate and train an increasingly critical portion of current and future generations of scientists, engineers, and health professionals. Minority Serving Institutions examines the nation's MSIs and identifies promising programs and effective strategies that have the highest potential return on investment for the nation by increasing the quantity and quality MSI STEM graduates. This study also provides critical information and perspective about the importance of MSIs to other stakeholders in the nation's system of higher education and the organizations that support them.

Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309159687
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-29 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order for the United States to maintain the global leadership and competitiveness in science and technology that are critical to achieving national goals, we must invest in research, encourage innovation, and grow a strong and talented science and technology workforce. Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation explores the role of diversity in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) workforce and its value in keeping America innovative and competitive. According to the book, the U.S. labor market is projected to grow faster in science and engineering than in any other sector in the coming years, making minority participation in STEM education at all levels a national priority. Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation analyzes the rate of change and the challenges the nation currently faces in developing a strong and diverse workforce. Although minorities are the fastest growing segment of the population, they are underrepresented in the fields of science and engineering. Historically, there has been a strong connection between increasing educational attainment in the United States and the growth in and global leadership of the economy. Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation suggests that the federal government, industry, and post-secondary institutions work collaboratively with K-12 schools and school systems to increase minority access to and demand for post-secondary STEM education and technical training. The book also identifies best practices and offers a comprehensive road map for increasing involvement of underrepresented minorities and improving the quality of their education. It offers recommendations that focus on academic and social support, institutional roles, teacher preparation, affordability and program development.

Promising Practices for Strengthening the Regional STEM Workforce Development Ecosystem

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309391148
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Promising Practices for Strengthening the Regional STEM Workforce Development Ecosystem by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Promising Practices for Strengthening the Regional STEM Workforce Development Ecosystem written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-02-12 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. strength in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines has formed the basis of innovations, technologies, and industries that have spurred the nation's economic growth throughout the last 150 years. Universities are essential to the creation and transfer of new knowledge that drives innovation. This knowledge moves out of the university and into broader society in several ways â€" through highly skilled graduates (i.e. human capital); academic publications; and the creation of new products, industries, and companies via the commercialization of scientific breakthroughs. Despite this, our understanding of how universities receive, interpret, and respond to industry signaling demands for STEM-trained workers is far from complete. Promising Practices for Strengthening the Regional STEM Workforce Development Ecosystem reviews the extent to which universities and employers in five metropolitan communities (Phoenix, Arizona; Cleveland, Ohio; Montgomery, Alabama; Los Angeles, California; and Fargo, North Dakota) collaborate successfully to align curricula, labs, and other undergraduate educational experiences with current and prospective regional STEM workforce needs. This report focuses on how to create the kind of university-industry collaboration that promotes higher quality college and university course offerings, lab activities, applied learning experiences, work-based learning programs, and other activities that enable students to acquire knowledge, skills, and attributes they need to be successful in the STEM workforce. The recommendations and findings presented will be most relevant to educators, policy makers, and industry leaders.

Barriers and Opportunities for 2-Year and 4-Year STEM Degrees

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309373603
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Barriers and Opportunities for 2-Year and 4-Year STEM Degrees by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Barriers and Opportunities for 2-Year and 4-Year STEM Degrees written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-05-18 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly 40 percent of the students entering 2- and 4-year postsecondary institutions indicated their intention to major in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) in 2012. But the barriers to students realizing their ambitions are reflected in the fact that about half of those with the intention to earn a STEM bachelor's degree and more than two-thirds intending to earn a STEM associate's degree fail to earn these degrees 4 to 6 years after their initial enrollment. Many of those who do obtain a degree take longer than the advertised length of the programs, thus raising the cost of their education. Are the STEM educational pathways any less efficient than for other fields of study? How might the losses be "stemmed" and greater efficiencies realized? These questions and others are at the heart of this study. Barriers and Opportunities for 2-Year and 4-Year STEM Degrees reviews research on the roles that people, processes, and institutions play in 2-and 4-year STEM degree production. This study pays special attention to the factors that influence students' decisions to enter, stay in, or leave STEM majorsâ€"quality of instruction, grading policies, course sequences, undergraduate learning environments, student supports, co-curricular activities, students' general academic preparedness and competence in science, family background, and governmental and institutional policies that affect STEM educational pathways. Because many students do not take the traditional 4-year path to a STEM undergraduate degree, Barriers and Opportunities describes several other common pathways and also reviews what happens to those who do not complete the journey to a degree. This book describes the major changes in student demographics; how students, view, value, and utilize programs of higher education; and how institutions can adapt to support successful student outcomes. In doing so, Barriers and Opportunities questions whether definitions and characteristics of what constitutes success in STEM should change. As this book explores these issues, it identifies where further research is needed to build a system that works for all students who aspire to STEM degrees. The conclusions of this report lay out the steps that faculty, STEM departments, colleges and universities, professional societies, and others can take to improve STEM education for all students interested in a STEM degree.