Religious Culture in Modern Mexico

Download Religious Culture in Modern Mexico PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1461643023
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (616 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Religious Culture in Modern Mexico by : Martin Austin Nesvig

Download or read book Religious Culture in Modern Mexico written by Martin Austin Nesvig and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2007-02-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This nuanced book considers the role of religion and religiosity in modern Mexico, breaking new ground with an emphasis on popular religion and its relationship to politics. The contributors highlight the multifaceted role of religion, illuminating the ways that religion and religious devotion have persisted and changed since Mexican independence. They explore such themes as the relationship between church and state, the resurgence of religiosity and religious societies in the post-reform period, the religious values of the liberals of the 1850s, and the ways that popular expressions of religion often trumped formal and universal proscriptions. Focusing on individual stories and vignettes and on local elements of religion, the contributors show that despite efforts to secularize society, religion continues to be a strong component of Mexican culture. Portraying the complexity of religiosity in Mexico in the context of an increasingly secular state, this book will be invaluable for all those interested in Latin American history and religion. Contributions by: Silvia Marina Arrom, Adrian Bantjes, Alejandro Cortázar, Jason Dormady, Martin Austin Nesvig, Matthew D. O'Hara, Daniela Traffano, Paul J. Vanderwood, Mark Overmyer-Velázquez, Pamela Voekel, and Edward Wright-Rios

Mexican American Religions

Download Mexican American Religions PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822388952
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mexican American Religions by : Gastón Espinosa

Download or read book Mexican American Religions written by Gastón Espinosa and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-08 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents a rich, multidisciplinary inquiry into the role of religion in the Mexican American community. Breaking new ground by analyzing the influence of religion on Mexican American literature, art, activism, and popular culture, it makes the case for the establishment of Mexican American religious studies as a distinct, recognized field of scholarly inquiry. Scholars of religion, Latin American, and Chicano/a studies as well as of sociology, anthropology, and literary and performance studies, address several broad themes. Taking on questions of history and interpretation, they examine the origins of Mexican American religious studies and Mario Barrera’s theory of internal colonialism. In discussions of the utopian community founded by the preacher and activist Reies López Tijerina, César Chávez’s faith-based activism, and the Los Angeles-based Católicos Por La Raza movement of the late 1960s, other contributors focus on mystics and prophets. Still others illuminate popular Catholicism by looking at Our Lady of Guadalupe, home altars, and Los Pastores dramas (nativity plays) as vehicles for personal, social, and political empowerment. Turning to literature, contributors consider Gloria Anzaldúa’s view of the borderlands as a mystic vision and the ways that Chicana writers invoke religious symbols and rhetoric to articulate a moral vision highlighting social injustice. They investigate the role of healing, looking at it in relation to both the Latino Pentecostal movement and the practice of the curanderismo tradition in East Los Angeles. Delving into to popular culture, they reflect on Luis Valdez’s video drama La Pastorela: “The Shepherds’ Play,” the spirituality of Chicana art, and the religious overtones of the reverence for the slain Tejana music star Selena. This volume signals the vibrancy and diversity of the practices, arts, traditions, and spiritualities that reflect and inform Mexican American religion. Contributors: Rudy V. Busto, Davíd Carrasco, Socorro Castañeda-Liles, Gastón Espinosa, Richard R. Flores, Mario T. García, María Herrera-Sobek, Luís D. León, Ellen McCracken, Stephen R. Lloyd-Moffett, Laura E. Pérez, Roberto Lint Saragena, Anthony M. Stevens-Arroyo, Kay Turner

Religious Culture in Modern Mexico

Download Religious Culture in Modern Mexico PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742537477
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (374 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Religious Culture in Modern Mexico by : Martin Austin Nesvig

Download or read book Religious Culture in Modern Mexico written by Martin Austin Nesvig and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2007 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This nuanced book considers the role of religion and religiosity in modern Mexico, breaking new ground with an emphasis on popular religion and its relationship to politics. The contributors highlight the multifaceted role of religion, illuminating the ways that religion and religious devotion have persisted and changed since Mexican independence. Focusing on individual stories and vignettes and on local elements of religion, the contributors show that despite efforts to secularize society, religion continues to be a strong component of Mexican culture. Portraying the complexity of religiosity in Mexico in the context of an increasingly secular state, this book will be invaluable for all those interested in Latin American history and religion.

Alone Before God

Download Alone Before God PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822384299
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Alone Before God by : Pamela Voekel

Download or read book Alone Before God written by Pamela Voekel and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-30 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on cemetery burials in late-eighteenth-century Mexico, Alone Before God provides a window onto the contested origins of modernity in Mexico. By investigating the religious and political debates surrounding the initiative to transfer the burials of prominent citizens from urban to suburban cemeteries, Pamela Voekel challenges the characterization of Catholicism in Mexico as an intractable and monolithic institution that had to be forcibly dragged into the modern world. Drawing on the archival research of wills, public documents, and other texts from late-colonial and early-republican Mexico, Voekel describes the marked scaling-down of the pomp and display that had characterized baroque Catholic burials and the various devices through which citizens sought to safeguard their souls in the afterlife. In lieu of these baroque practices, the new enlightened Catholics, claims Voekel, expressed a spiritually and hygienically motivated preference for extremely simple burial ceremonies, for burial outside the confines of the church building, and for leaving their earthly goods to charity. Claiming that these changes mirrored a larger shift from an external, corporate Catholicism to a more interior piety, she demonstrates how this new form of Catholicism helped to initiate a cultural and epistemic shift that placed the individual at the center of knowledge. Breaking with the traditional historiography to argue that Mexican liberalism had deeply religious roots, Alone Before God will be of interest to specialists in Latin American history, modernity, and religion.

Mexican Spirituality

Download Mexican Spirituality PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742513556
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mexican Spirituality by : Francisco Schulte

Download or read book Mexican Spirituality written by Francisco Schulte and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2002 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book celebrates a number of Guadalupan sermons that serve as the fundamental source of the Mexican people's unique spiritual devotion and identity. These sermons were preached, published, and circulated among the populace of Mexico in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They proclaim an unshakable conviction that the peoples of the American continent are the uniquely blessed recipients of God's, and especially Mary's, favor. In their modern sense, these sermons provide a wealth of information on Mexican theology, spirituality, and religious self-understanding at a pivotal time in a people's culture.

Unwelcome Exiles. Mexico and the Jewish Refugees from Nazism, 1933-1945

Download Unwelcome Exiles. Mexico and the Jewish Refugees from Nazism, 1933-1945 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004262105
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Unwelcome Exiles. Mexico and the Jewish Refugees from Nazism, 1933-1945 by : Daniela Gleizer

Download or read book Unwelcome Exiles. Mexico and the Jewish Refugees from Nazism, 1933-1945 written by Daniela Gleizer and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-10-02 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unwelcome Exiles. Mexico and the Jewish Refugees from Nazism, 1933–1945 reconstructs a largely unknown history: during the Second World War, the Mexican government closed its doors to Jewish refugees expelled by the Nazis. In this comprehensive investigation, based on archives in Mexico and the United States, Daniela Gleizer emphasizes the selectiveness and discretionary implementation of post-revolutionary Mexican immigration policy, which sought to preserve mestizaje—the country’s blend of Spanish and Indigenous people and the ideological basis of national identity—by turning away foreigners considered “inassimilable” and therefore “undesirable.” Through her analysis of Mexico’s role in the rescue of refugees in the 1930s and 40s, Gleizer challenges the country’s traditional image of itself as a nation that welcomes the persecuted. This book is a revised and expanded translation of the Spanish El exilio incómodo. México y los refugiados judíos, 1933-1945, which received an Honorable Mention in the LAJSA Book Prize Award 2013.

Mixtec Evangelicals

Download Mixtec Evangelicals PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University Press of Colorado
ISBN 13 : 1607324245
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (73 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mixtec Evangelicals by : Mary I. O'Connor

Download or read book Mixtec Evangelicals written by Mary I. O'Connor and published by University Press of Colorado. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixtec Evangelicals is a comparative ethnography of four Mixtec communities in Oaxaca, detailing the process by which economic migration and religious conversion combine to change the social and cultural makeup of predominantly folk-Catholic communities. The book describes the effects on the home communities of the Mixtecs who travel to northern Mexico and the United States in search of wage labor and return having converted from their rural Catholic roots to Evangelical Protestant religions. O’Connor identifies globalization as the root cause of this process. She demonstrates the ways that neoliberal policies have forced Mixtecs to migrate and how migration provides the contexts for conversion. Converts challenge the set of customs governing their Mixtec villages by refusing to participate in the Catholic ceremonies and social gatherings that are at the center of traditional village life. The home communities have responded in a number of ways—ranging from expulsion of converts to partial acceptance and adjustments within the village—depending on the circumstances of conversion and number of converts returning. Presenting data and case studies resulting from O’Connor’s ethnographic field research in Oaxaca and various migrant settlements in Mexico and the United States, Mixtec Evangelicals explores this phenomenon of globalization and observes how ancient communities are changed by their own emissaries to the outside world. Students and scholars of anthropology, Latin American studies, and religion will find much in this book to inform their understanding of globalization, modernity, indigeneity, and religious change.

Religion and Contemporary Politics [2 volumes]

Download Religion and Contemporary Politics [2 volumes] PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 595 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (161 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Religion and Contemporary Politics [2 volumes] by : Timothy J. Demy

Download or read book Religion and Contemporary Politics [2 volumes] written by Timothy J. Demy and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2019-09-19 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With respect to the countries of the world, this work addresses two basic questions: "How does religion affect politics in this country?" and "How does politics affect religion in this country?" Although there are many books on the topics of religion and politics, reference works that consider the two together are few, with those that do exist primarily addressing theory rather than trends. The present work does the latter, contextualizing them within regional and national boundaries. In so doing, it recognizes the power of political and religious ideas and movements on individuals, communities, and nations, making the work a valuable resource for several disciplines, among them political science, international relations, religion, and sociology. The work focuses on the interplay of religion and politics in countries around the world with an emphasis on the post-2000s. It is organized by global geographic regions including Africa, Central and South America, and the Middle East and presents countries alphabetically within those sections. Each region has a brief overview of the political-religious dynamics of the area so readers can compare and contrast the dynamics between and among countries in a region. The work also includes an introduction, sidebars, and a bibliography.

A Companion to Mexican History and Culture

Download A Companion to Mexican History and Culture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444340581
Total Pages : 701 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Companion to Mexican History and Culture by : William H. Beezley

Download or read book A Companion to Mexican History and Culture written by William H. Beezley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-16 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Companion to Mexican History and Culture features 40 essays contributed by international scholars that incorporate ethnic, gender, environmental, and cultural studies to reveal a richer portrait of the Mexican experience, from the earliest peoples to the present. Features the latest scholarship on Mexican history and culture by an array of international scholars Essays are separated into sections on the four major chronological eras Discusses recent historical interpretations with critical historiographical sources, and is enriched by cultural analysis, ethnic and gender studies, and visual evidence The first volume to incorporate a discussion of popular music in political analysis This book is the receipient of the 2013 Michael C. Meyer Special Recognition Award from the Rocky Mountain Conference on Latin American Studies.

Religion and State Formation in Postrevolutionary Mexico

Download Religion and State Formation in Postrevolutionary Mexico PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822395711
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Religion and State Formation in Postrevolutionary Mexico by : Ben Fallaw

Download or read book Religion and State Formation in Postrevolutionary Mexico written by Ben Fallaw and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-21 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The religion question—the place of the Church in a Catholic country after an anticlerical revolution—profoundly shaped the process of state formation in Mexico. From the end of the Cristero War in 1929 until Manuel Ávila Camacho assumed the presidency in late 1940 and declared his faith, Mexico's unresolved religious conflict roiled regional politics, impeded federal schooling, undermined agrarian reform, and flared into sporadic violence, ultimately frustrating the secular vision shared by Plutarco Elías Calles and Lázaro Cárdenas. Ben Fallaw argues that previous scholarship has not appreciated the pervasive influence of Catholics and Catholicism on postrevolutionary state formation. By delving into the history of four understudied Mexican states, he is able to show that religion swayed regional politics not just in states such as Guanajuato, in Mexico's central-west "Rosary Belt," but even in those considered much less observant, including Campeche, Guerrero, and Hidalgo. Religion and State Formation in Postrevolutionary Mexico reshapes our understanding of agrarian reform, federal schooling, revolutionary anticlericalism, elections, the Segunda (a second Cristero War in the 1930s), and indigenism, the Revolution's valorization of the Mesoamerican past as the font of national identity.

Theologies of Guadalupe

Download Theologies of Guadalupe PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190902752
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Theologies of Guadalupe by : Timothy Matovina

Download or read book Theologies of Guadalupe written by Timothy Matovina and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Theologies of Guadalupe examines theological writings about Mexico's most renowned religious tradition from the colonial era to the present. It also explores how the Guadalupe cult rose above all others in colonial Mexico and emerged from a local devotion to become a regional, national, and then international phenomenon"--

Faith and Impiety in Revolutionary Mexico

Download Faith and Impiety in Revolutionary Mexico PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230608809
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (36 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Faith and Impiety in Revolutionary Mexico by : M. Butler

Download or read book Faith and Impiety in Revolutionary Mexico written by M. Butler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-11 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While Mexico's spiritual history after the 1910 Revolution is often essentialized as a church-state power struggle, this book reveals the complexity of interactions between revolution and religion. Looking at anticlericalism, indigenous cults and Catholic pilgrimage, these authors reveal that the Revolution was a period of genuine religious change, as well as social upheaval.

Catholic Women and Mexican Politics, 1750–1940

Download Catholic Women and Mexican Politics, 1750–1940 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691264570
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Catholic Women and Mexican Politics, 1750–1940 by : Margaret Chowning

Download or read book Catholic Women and Mexican Politics, 1750–1940 written by Margaret Chowning and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2024-11-05 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Historians have long looked to networks of elite liberal and anti-clerical men as the driving forces in Mexican history over the course of the long nineteenth century. This traditional view, writes Margaret Chowning, cannot account for the continued power of the Catholic Church in Mexico, which has withstood extensive and sustained political opposition for over a century. How, then, must the scholarly consensus change to better reflect Mexico's history? In this book, Chowning shows that the church repeatedly emerged as a political player, even when liberals won elections, primarily because of the overlooked importance of women in politics. Catholic women kept the church alive through the wars of independence and made it into the political force it continues to be in present-day Mexico. Using archival sources from ten Mexican states, the book shows how women, who were denied the vote and expected to stay out of the political sphere, nevertheless forged their own form of citizenship through the church. After Mexico gained its independence in 1821, women self-consciously developed new lay associations and assumed leadership roles within them. These new associations not only kept Catholicism vibrant, they also pushed women into public sphere. Methodologically, this book shows the value of exploring gender in political and religious history and reveals the equal importance of informal political power to more formal activities like voting"--

Down and Delirious in Mexico City

Download Down and Delirious in Mexico City PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1451610181
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (516 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Down and Delirious in Mexico City by : Daniel Hernandez

Download or read book Down and Delirious in Mexico City written by Daniel Hernandez and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2011-02-08 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MEXICO CITY, with some 20 million inhabitants, is the largest city in the Western Hemisphere. Enormous growth, raging crime, and tumultuous politics have also made it one of the most feared and misunderstood. Yet in the past decade, the city has become a hot spot for international business, fashion, and art, and a magnet for thrill-seeking expats from around the world. In 2002, Daniel Hernandez traveled to Mexico City, searching for his cultural roots. He encountered a city both chaotic and intoxicating, both underdeveloped and hypermodern. In 2007, after quitting a job, he moved back. With vivid, intimate storytelling, Hernandez visits slums populated by ex-punks; glittering, drug-fueled fashion parties; and pseudo-native rituals catering to new-age Mexicans. He takes readers into the world of youth subcultures, in a city where punk and emo stand for a whole way of life—and sometimes lead to rumbles on the streets. Surrounded by volcanoes, earthquake-prone, and shrouded in smog, the city that Hernandez lovingly chronicles is a place of astounding manifestations of danger, desire, humor, and beauty, a surreal landscape of “cosmic violence.” For those who care about one of the most electrifying cities on the planet, “Down & Delirious in Mexico City is essential reading” (David Lida, author of First Stop in the New World).

The Mexican Reformation

Download The Mexican Reformation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1610972015
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Mexican Reformation by : Joel Morales Cruz

Download or read book The Mexican Reformation written by Joel Morales Cruz and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2011-05-11 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common wisdom holds that Latin America is a uniformly Roman Catholic continent and Protestant churches only entered as a result of British or U.S. expansionism following the Spanish-American independence movements. Closer inspection, however, reveals a far different and more exciting reality. As The Mexican Reformation reveals, the Catholic Church in the colonial era was far from monolithic, exhibiting a diversity of expressions and perspectives that interacted with and were sometimes at odds with one another. In the mid-nineteenth century, one such group sought to reform the Catholic Church in line with some of the policies set forth by the government of Benito Ju‡rez. This movement, eventually known as the Iglesia de Jesœs, would lay the foundation for the emergence of Protestant churches in Mexico. Its roots in the worldview of the baroque and in the challenges of the Catholic Enlightenment provide an insight into the evolution of a distinctly Mexican Protestantism within its social and political contexts as well as a window into the processes underlying the development of religious expressions in Latin America.

Our Lady of Guadalupe

Download Our Lady of Guadalupe PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816516230
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (162 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Our Lady of Guadalupe by : Stafford Poole

Download or read book Our Lady of Guadalupe written by Stafford Poole and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The devotion to Our Lady of Guadalupe, based on the story of apparitions of the Virgin Mary to Juan Diego, an Indian neophyte, at the hill of Tepeyac in December 1531, is one of the most important formative religious and national symbols in the history of Mexico. In this first work ever to examine in depth every historical source of the Guadalupe apparitions, Stafford Poole traces the origins and history of the account, and in the process challenges many commonly accepted assumptions and interpretations. Poole finds that, despite common belief, the apparition account was unknown prior to 1648, when it was first published by a Mexican priest. And then, the virgin became the predominant devotion not of the Indians, but of the criollos, who found in the story a legitimization of their own national aspirations and an almost messianic sense of mission and identity. Poole finds no evidence of a contemporary association of the Virgin of Guadalupe with the Mexican goddess Tonantzin, as is frequently assumed, and he rejects the common assertion that the early missionaries consciously substituted Guadalupe for a preconquest deity.

Mexican Exodus

Download Mexican Exodus PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190205016
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mexican Exodus by : Julia G. Young

Download or read book Mexican Exodus written by Julia G. Young and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 1926, an army of Mexican Catholics launched a war against their government. Bearing aloft the banners of Christ the King and the Virgin of Guadalupe, they equipped themselves not only with guns, but also with scapulars, rosaries, prayers, and religious visions. These soldiers were called cristeros, and the war they fought, which would continue until the mid-1930s, is known as la Cristiada, or the Cristero war. The most intense fighting occurred in Mexico's west-central states, especially Jalisco, Guanajuato, and Michoacán. For this reason, scholars have generally regarded the war as a regional event, albeit one with national implications. Yet in fact, the Cristero war crossed the border into the United States, along with thousands of Mexican emigrants, exiles, and refugees. In Mexican Exodus, Julia Young reframes the Cristero war as a transnational conflict, using previously unexamined archival materials from both Mexico and the United States to investigate the intersections between Mexico's Cristero War and Mexican migration to the United States during the late 1920s. She traces the formation, actions, and ideologies of the Cristero diaspora--a network of Mexicans across the United States who supported the Catholic uprising from beyond the border. These Cristero supporters participated in the conflict in a variety of ways: they took part in religious ceremonies and spectacles, organized political demonstrations and marches, formed associations and organizations, and collaborated with religious and political leaders on both sides of the border. Some of them even launched militant efforts that included arms smuggling, military recruitment, espionage, and armed border revolts. Ultimately, the Cristero diaspora aimed to overturn Mexico's anticlerical government and reform the Mexican Constitution of 1917. Although the group was unable to achieve its political goals, Young argues that these emigrants--and the war itself--would have a profound and enduring resonance for Mexican emigrants, impacting community formation, political affiliations, and religious devotion throughout subsequent decades and up to the present day.