Relativism And Realism In Science

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Relativism and Realism in Science

Author : R. Nola
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400928777
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Relativism and Realism in Science by : R. Nola

Download or read book Relativism and Realism in Science written by R. Nola and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively earl- though not always under that name - in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appoint ments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. "Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science" aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Further more, though in each volume a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand, contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out. Quite the reverse, in fact - they are actively encour aged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question.

Idealism, Relativism, and Realism

Author : Dominik Finkelde
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110670348
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Idealism, Relativism, and Realism by : Dominik Finkelde

Download or read book Idealism, Relativism, and Realism written by Dominik Finkelde and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several debates of the last years within the research field of contemporary realism – known under titles such as "New Realism," "Continental Realism," or "Speculative Materialism" – have shown that science is not systematically the ultimate measure of truth and reality. This does not mean that we should abandon the notions of truth or objectivity all together, as has been posited repeatedly within certain currents of twentieth century philosophy. However, within the research field of contemporary realism, the concept of objectivity itself has not been adequately refined. What is objective is supposed to be true outside a subject’s biases, interpretations and opinions, having truth conditions that are met by the way the world is. The volume combines articles of internationally outstanding authors who have published on either Idealism, Epistemic Relativism, or Realism and often locate themselves within one of these divergent schools of thought. As such, the volume focuses on these traditions with the aim of clarifying what the concept objectivity nowadays stands for within contemporary ontology and epistemology beyond the analytic-continental divide. With articles from: Jocelyn Benoist, Ray Brassier, G. Anthony Bruno, Dominik Finkelde, Markus Gabriel, Deborah Goldgaber, Iain Hamilton Grant, Graham Harman, Johannes Hübner, Andrea Kern, Anton F. Koch, Martin Kusch, Paul M. Livingston, Paul Redding, Sebastian Rödl, Dieter Sturma.

Science and Relativism

Author : Larry Laudan
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226469492
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Relativism by : Larry Laudan

Download or read book Science and Relativism written by Larry Laudan and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1990-08-15 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, many members of the intellectual community have embraced a radical relativism regarding knowledge in general and scientific knowledge in particular, holding that Kuhn, Quine, and Feyerabend have knocked the traditional picture of scientific knowledge into a cocked hat. Is philosophy of science, or mistaken impressions of it, responsible for the rise of relativism? In this book, Laudan offers a trenchant, wide-ranging critique of cognitive relativism and a thorough introduction to major issues in the philosophy of knowledge.

Realism - Relativism - Constructivism

Author : Christian Kanzian
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110523426
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Realism - Relativism - Constructivism by : Christian Kanzian

Download or read book Realism - Relativism - Constructivism written by Christian Kanzian and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents papers from leading proponents of realist, relativist, and constructivist positions in epistemology and the philosophy of language and ethics.

Viewpoint Relativism

Author : Antti Hautamäki
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030345955
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Viewpoint Relativism by : Antti Hautamäki

Download or read book Viewpoint Relativism written by Antti Hautamäki and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers new insights into truth, knowledge, and reality. It details a unique approach to epistemological relativism based on the concept of points of view. In a point of view, an aspect represents an object for a subject. By applying this concept of points of view, the author develops a consistent and adequate form of relativism, called viewpoint relativism, according to which epistemic questions like “Is X true (or justified or existing)” are viewpoint-dependent. The monograph examines central issues related to epistemological relativism. It analyzes major arguments pro and con from different opinions. The author presents the arguments of well-known philosophers. These include such thinkers as Paul Boghossian, John Dewey, Nelson Goodman, Martin Kusch, C.I. Lewis, John MacFarlane, Hilary Putnam, W.V.O. Quine, Richard Rorty, John Searle, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. In the process, the author deconstructs the standard account of correspondence theory of truth. Viewpoint relativism is a moderate relativism, which is not subjected to standard criticism of extreme relativism. This book argues that knowledge creation presupposes openness to different points of view and their comparison. It also explores the broader implications of viewpoint relativism into current debate about truth in society. The author defends a critical relativism, which accepts pluralism but is critical against all points of view. In the conclusion, he explores the relevance of viewpoint relativism to democracy by showing that the main threat of modern democratic society is not pluralism but absolutism and fundamentalism.

The Routledge Handbook of Scientific Realism

Author : Juha Saatsi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780367572556
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Scientific Realism by : Juha Saatsi

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Scientific Realism written by Juha Saatsi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprising over thirty chapters by a team of international contributors the The Routledge handbook of Scientific Realism covers the following central topics: the historical development of the realist stance; core issues and positions of classic debate; perspectives on contemporary debates and the realism debate in disciplinary context.

Science and the Quest for Reality

Author : Alfred I. Tauber
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349252492
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (492 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and the Quest for Reality by : Alfred I. Tauber

Download or read book Science and the Quest for Reality written by Alfred I. Tauber and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and the Quest for Reality is an interdisciplinary anthology that situates contemporary science within its complex philosophical, historical, and sociological contexts. The anthology is divided between, firstly, characterizing science as an intellectual activity and, secondly, defining its social role. The philosophical and historical vicissitudes of science's truth claims has raised profound questions concerning the role of science in society beyond its technological innovations. The deeper philosophical issues thus complement the critical inquiry concerning the broader social and ethical influence of contemporary science. In the tradition of the 'Main Trends of the Modern World' series, this volume includes both classical and contemporary works on the subject.

Relativism and Reality

Author : Robert Kirk
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113461988X
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Relativism and Reality by : Robert Kirk

Download or read book Relativism and Reality written by Robert Kirk and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our thoughts about the world are clearly influenced by such things as point of view, temperament, past experience and culture. However, some thinkers go much further and argue that everything that exists depends on us, arguing that 'even reality is relative'. Can we accept such a claim in the face of events such as floods and other natural disasters or events seemingly beyond our control? 'Realists' argue that reality is independent of out thinking. 'Relativists' disagree, arguing that what there is depends on our point of view. Which is right? Robert Kirk provides a crystal clear account of this debate from the Greek philosophers to Wittgenstein and Rorty. Along the way, he unpacks some of the more complicated issues surrounding ideas of objectivity, subjectivity, pragmatism and realism essential for those beginning any study of philosphy.

Scientific Realism

Author : N. Rescher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400939051
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Realism by : N. Rescher

Download or read book Scientific Realism written by N. Rescher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasingly lively controversy over scientific realism has become one of the principal themes of recent philosophy. 1 In watching this controversy unfold in the rather technical way currently in vogue, it has seemed to me that it would be useful to view these contemporary disputes against the background of such older epistemological issues as fallibilism, scepticism, relativism, and the traditional realism/idealism debate. This, then, is the object of the present book, which will recon sider the newer concerns about scientific realism in the context of these older philosophical themes. Historically, realism concerns itself with the real existence of things that do not "meet the eye" - with suprasensible entities that lie beyond the reach of human perception. In medieval times, discussions about realism focused upon universals. Recognizing that there are physical objects such as cats and triangular objects and red tomatoes, the medievels debated whether such "abstract objects" as cathood and triangularity and redness also exist by way of having a reality indepen dent of the concretely real things that exhibit them. Three fundamen tally different positions were defended: (1) Nominalism. Abstracta have no independent existence as such: they only "exist" in and through the objects that exhibit them. Only particulars (individual substances) exist. Abstract "objects" are existents in name only, mere thought fictions by whose means we address concrete particular things. (2) Realism. Abstracta have an independent existence as such.

The Problem of Relativism in the Sociology of (Scientific) Knowledge

Author : Richard Schantz
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 311032590X
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis The Problem of Relativism in the Sociology of (Scientific) Knowledge by : Richard Schantz

Download or read book The Problem of Relativism in the Sociology of (Scientific) Knowledge written by Richard Schantz and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises original articles by leading authors – from philosophy as well as sociology – in the debate around relativism in the sociology of (scientific) knowledge. Its aim has been to bring together several threads from the relevant disciplines and to cover the discussion from historical and systematic points of view. Among the contributors are Maria Baghramian, Barry Barnes, Martin Endreß, Hubert Knoblauch, Richard Schantz and Harvey Siegel.

Knowledge, Science and Relativism

Author : P. K. Feyerabend
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521641296
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (412 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge, Science and Relativism by : P. K. Feyerabend

Download or read book Knowledge, Science and Relativism written by P. K. Feyerabend and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-05-27 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of Feyerabend's philosophical papers gathers together work originally published between 1960 and 1980.

Truth and Realism

Author : Patrick Greenough
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199288885
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (888 download)

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Book Synopsis Truth and Realism by : Patrick Greenough

Download or read book Truth and Realism written by Patrick Greenough and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is truth objective or relative? What exists independently of our minds? This book is about these two questions. The essays in its pages variously defend and critique answers to each, grapple over the proper methodology for addressing them, and wonder whether either question is worth pursuing. In so doing, they carry on a long and esteemed tradition - for our two questions are among the oldest of philosophical issues, and have vexed almost every major philosopher, from Plato, to Kant to Wittgenstein. Fifteen eminent contributors bring fresh perspectives, renewed energy and original answers to debates which have been the focus of a tremendous amount of interest in the last three decades both within philosophy and the culture at large.

Against Relativism

Author : Christopher Norris
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631198642
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (986 download)

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Book Synopsis Against Relativism by : Christopher Norris

Download or read book Against Relativism written by Christopher Norris and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1997-11-10 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a vigorous and constructive challenge to relativism by examining a wide range of anti-realist theories, and in response offering a variety of arguments amounting to a strong defence of critical realism in the natural and social sciences.

Hermeneutic Realism

Author : Dimitri Ginev
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319392891
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Hermeneutic Realism by : Dimitri Ginev

Download or read book Hermeneutic Realism written by Dimitri Ginev and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-24 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study recapitulates basic developments in the tradition of hermeneutic and phenomenological studies of science. It focuses on the ways in which scientific research is committed to the universe of interpretative phenomena. It treats scientific research by addressing its characteristic hermeneutic situations, and uses the following basic argument in this treatment: By demonstrating that science’s epistemological identity is not to be spelled out in terms of objectivism, mathematical essentialism, representationalism, and foundationalism, one undermines scientism without succumbing scientific research to “procedures of normative-democratic control” that threaten science’s cognitive autonomy. The study shows that in contrast to social constructivism, hermeneutic phenomenology of scientific research makes the case that overcoming scientism does not imply restrictive policies regarding the constitution of scientific objects.

Critical Scientific Realism

Author : Ilkka Niiniluoto
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191519405
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Critical Scientific Realism by : Ilkka Niiniluoto

Download or read book Critical Scientific Realism written by Ilkka Niiniluoto and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1999-12-09 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ilkka Niiniluoto comes to the rescue of scientific realism, showing that reports of its death have been greatly exaggerated. Philosophical realism holds that the aim of a particular discourse is to make true statements about its subject-matter. Niiniluoto surveys the different varieties of realism in ontology, semantics, epistemology, theory construction, and methodology. He then sets out his own original version, and defends it against competing theories in the philosophy of science. Niiniluoto's critical scientific realism is founded upon the notion of truth as correspondence between language and reality, and characterizes scientific progress in terms of increasing truthlikeness. This makes it possible not only to take seriously, but also to make precise, the troublesome idea that scientific theories typically are false but nevertheless close to the truth.

Knowledge from a Human Point of View

Author : Ana-Maria Crețu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030270416
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge from a Human Point of View by : Ana-Maria Crețu

Download or read book Knowledge from a Human Point of View written by Ana-Maria Crețu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book – as the title suggests – explores some of the historical roots and epistemological ramifications of perspectivism. Perspectivism has recently emerged in philosophy of science as an interesting new position in the debate between scientific realism and anti-realism. But there is a lot more to perspectivism than discussions in philosophy of science so far have suggested. Perspectivism is a much broader view that emphasizes how our knowledge (in particular our scientific knowledge of nature) is situated; it is always from a human vantage point (as opposed to some Nagelian "view from nowhere"). This edited collection brings together a diverse team of established and early career scholars across a variety of fields (from the history of philosophy to epistemology and philosophy of science). The resulting nine essays trace some of the seminal ideas of perspectivism back to Kant, Nietzsche, the American Pragmatists, and Putnam, while the second part of the book tackles issues concerning the relation between perspectivism, relativism, and standpoint theories, and the implications of perspectivism for epistemological debates about veritism, epistemic normativity and the foundations of human knowledge.

Scientific Realism and the Rationality of Science

Author : Howard Sankey
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317058801
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Realism and the Rationality of Science by : Howard Sankey

Download or read book Scientific Realism and the Rationality of Science written by Howard Sankey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific realism is the position that the aim of science is to advance on truth and increase knowledge about observable and unobservable aspects of the mind-independent world which we inhabit. This book articulates and defends that position. In presenting a clear formulation and addressing the major arguments for scientific realism Sankey appeals to philosophers beyond the community of, typically Anglo-American, analytic philosophers of science to appreciate and understand the doctrine. The book emphasizes the epistemological aspects of scientific realism and contains an original solution to the problem of induction that rests on an appeal to the principle of uniformity of nature.