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Relationship Of Total Body Bone Mineral Density To Fat Mass Lean Tissue Mass Body Weight And Calcium Intake In Normal Weight Prepubertal Children
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Book Synopsis Relationship of Total Body Bone Mineral Density to Fat Mass, Lean Tissue Mass, Body Weight, and Calcium Intake in Normal Weight, Prepubertal Children ... by : Jennifer Kruse
Download or read book Relationship of Total Body Bone Mineral Density to Fat Mass, Lean Tissue Mass, Body Weight, and Calcium Intake in Normal Weight, Prepubertal Children ... written by Jennifer Kruse and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Examination of Diet, Physical Activity, Biomarkers of Bone Mineralization, Bone Mineral Content and Body Composition in Children Between 5 Years of Age and Puberty by : Marcia Kelly Scott
Download or read book Examination of Diet, Physical Activity, Biomarkers of Bone Mineralization, Bone Mineral Content and Body Composition in Children Between 5 Years of Age and Puberty written by Marcia Kelly Scott and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relationship of Physical Activity, Body Weight and Composition, and Muscular Strength to Bone Mineral Density in Young Women by : Kara Lee Madsen
Download or read book Relationship of Physical Activity, Body Weight and Composition, and Muscular Strength to Bone Mineral Density in Young Women written by Kara Lee Madsen and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Relationship of Bone Health to Vitamin D Status and Body Composition in Pre-adolescent Children (Pretoria, South Africa) by : Samantha White
Download or read book The Relationship of Bone Health to Vitamin D Status and Body Composition in Pre-adolescent Children (Pretoria, South Africa) written by Samantha White and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone health development and maintenance is important in children to reduce the risk for osteoporosis later in life. Knowledge on the vitamin D and bone health status of preadolescent children in South Africa is limited. Vitamin D and body composition both play important roles in bone health, but the relationship between adiposity and bone mass in children has been debated. The objective of this study was firstly, to describe the bone health status, body composition and vitamin D status of preadolescent children in Pretoria, South Africa. Secondly, the study examined bone health in relation to body composition and vitamin D status. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using conveniently sampled preadolescent black children aged 5-10, was conducted. Body weight was measured with the Seca medical body composition analyser and height using the Seca 274 stadiometer. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used for bone health (bone mineral content (BMC), areal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone area at the total body less the head (TBLH) and lumbar spine (LS) sites) and body composition (body fat percentage, fat mass and lean mass) assessments (n = 84). Vitamin D status (25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3) was determined from blood spot analysis (n = 59). To compare bone health means between vitamin D status groups, children were grouped as sufficient (25(OH)D ? 30 ng/ml), insufficient (25(OH)D = 21-29 ng/ml) or deficient (25(OH)D ? 20 ng/ml) accordingly. To compare bone health means between body composition groups, children were grouped as normal (BMIfor- age Z-score ? 1) or over-nourished (BMI-for-age Z-score > 1). Simple linear regression models were used in defining the relationship between bone health parameters and body composition components. Adjustments of bone health parameters for height-for-age, gender, age and body composition components was done using multiple linear regression. Comparison between adjusted bone health parameters of normal and over-nourished were made using the student’s two sample t-test. Results: The 59 children in the vitamin D study groups had a 24% prevalence of low BMD for chronological age and 7% presented with a low BMC for chronological age. A peculiar finding was that LS-BMAD differed significantly between the vitamin D insufficient and deficient groups. There was no relationship between any bone health parameters at all sites measured and serum levels of 25(OH)D (p > 0.05). Fat mass (FM) and body fat percentage least explained the observed variation in bone health parameters, whereas lean mass (LM) was the most important body composition component in explaining the variations observed in bone health parameters. The relationship between LS bone health parameters and body composition components was weaker than the relationship between TBLH bone health parameters and body composition components. Summary and / or Conclusion: In this population, 66% of preadolescents were vitamin D insufficient or deficient, but with a healthy bone health status and 40% of the preadolescents were over-nourished with greater crude BMD than those with healthy BMI Z-scores. Vitamin D status does not appear to be associated with parameters of bone health. Lean mass was the greatest body compositional determinant for variations observed in bone health parameters. Bone health parameters of healthy and over-nourished children did not differ after adjusting for body composition.
Book Synopsis Calcium-fortified Beverage Supplementation Effects on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition in Healthy Young Women by :
Download or read book Calcium-fortified Beverage Supplementation Effects on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition in Healthy Young Women written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Dietary supplements are increasing in popularity; individuals are looking beyond traditional methods of calorie restriction and exercise to improve health. Calcium is a critical nutrient for bone metabolism that has also been shown to enhance weight loss effects secondary to diet. PURPOSE: To determine whether eight months of calcium supplementation, in a liquid, shelf-stable form, increases bone mineral density or decreases body weight and/or body fat in free-living young adult women. METHODS: Volunteer subjects (n=42) were randomly assigned to a supplement group receiving 1,125 mg Ca2+/day (CA-BEV) or to a free-living control group (CON), which did not receive the supplement. At baseline and after the 8-month intervention (POST), dietary intake was assessed using 3-day diet records. Total body composition (body fat percentage, %FatTB; abdominal percentage fat, %FatAb; fat mass, FM; non-bone fat-free mass, FFM) and bone mineral density (lumbar spine and femoral neck; BMD) were measured via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Subjects also completed a sub-maximal treadmill exercise test to estimate respiratory fitness at baseline and POST. RESULTS: At POST, the CA-BEV group's calcium intake (1,868[plus or minus]941 mg/d) was significantly greater than (p
Book Synopsis Bone Strength and Body Composition in Pediatric Multiethnic Populations by : Rachel Jean Wetzsteon
Download or read book Bone Strength and Body Composition in Pediatric Multiethnic Populations written by Rachel Jean Wetzsteon and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Body Composition Measurements in Infants and Children by :
Download or read book Body Composition Measurements in Infants and Children written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this publication is to familiarize pediatricians with methods of measuring body composition. The measurement of fat and fat-free mass in children will revolutionize the surveillance of the nutritional status of the child.
Book Synopsis Scientific Recommendations for Healthy Eating Guidelines in Ireland by : Food Safety Authority of Ireland
Download or read book Scientific Recommendations for Healthy Eating Guidelines in Ireland written by Food Safety Authority of Ireland and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Body Composition and Bone in Preadolescent Children by : Abby L. Richey
Download or read book The Relationship Between Body Composition and Bone in Preadolescent Children written by Abby L. Richey and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of optimizing peak bone mass early in life for the prevention of fractures throughout the lifespan and more debilitating diseases such as osteoporosis is well known today. However, more research is necessary to understand the importance of various determinants of bone health in youth. The purpose of this study was to assess the associations between body composition (lean vs. fat mass) and bone mineral density (BMD) in children 8-9 years of age. A total of 103 Black and White participants (48 females and 55 males) between the ages of 8-9 years old and of all body composition levels, representative of a Midwestern county, were included in this study. All subjects were assessed for bone and body composition via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Correlations and linear regression analyses were used to analyze these data. Lean soft tissue (LST) was found to be significantly and positively related to BMD in both male and female children. Regression analyses revealed 1st and race were the only independent predictors of bone BMD at the whole body (1st ß=0.812, p=0.006; Race ß=0.234, p=0.003) hip (Race ß=0.178, p=0.016) and lumbar spine (Race ß=0.211, p=0.010) sites. It was concluded that, a) 1st is a major determinant of bone health in preadolescent children and b) Black children have greater BMD than White children.
Book Synopsis Bone Health and Osteoporosis by : United States Public Health Service
Download or read book Bone Health and Osteoporosis written by United States Public Health Service and published by . This book was released on 2004-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis illustrates the large burden that bone disease places on our Nation and its citizens. Like other chronic diseases that disproportionately affect the elderly, the prevalence of bone disease and fractures is projected to increase markedly as the population ages. If these predictions come true, bone disease and fractures will have a tremendous negative impact on the future well-being of Americans. But as this report makes clear, they need not come true: by working together we can change the picture of aging in America. Osteoporosis, fractures, and other chronic diseases no longer should be thought of as an inevitable part of growing old. By focusing on prevention and lifestyle changes, including physical activity and nutrition, as well as early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, Americans can avoid much of the damaging impact of bone disease and other chronic diseases. This Surgeon General's Report brings together for the first time the scientific evidence related to the prevention, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of bone disease. More importantly, it provides a framework for moving forward. The report will be another effective tool in educating Americans about how they can promote bone health throughout their lives. This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis provides much needed information on bone health, an often overlooked aspect of physical health. This report follows in the tradition of previous Surgeon Generals' reports by identifying the relevant scientific data, rigorously evaluating and summarizing the evidence, and determining conclusions.
Book Synopsis The Effects of a 16 Week Physical Activity Program on Bone Mineral Density in Lean and Obese Prepubescent Children Ages 8-11 by : Ryan Cody Squibb
Download or read book The Effects of a 16 Week Physical Activity Program on Bone Mineral Density in Lean and Obese Prepubescent Children Ages 8-11 written by Ryan Cody Squibb and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current obesity epidemic has become a major health crisis to citizens around the United States. Obesity has been successfully linked to a plethora of different disease states including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke. Although many people might not recognize the trends, the obesity epidemic is putting children as young as 5 and 6 years of age at a health disadvantage compared to children of a healthier weight. With 17% of American's children being classified as obese, it is important to uncover what detrimental influences obesity has on the childhood body. Specifically, with respect to bone health, there is a good amount of information supporting the concept that there is increased acquisition of bone mineral density (BMD) through exercise in children. However, none of these studies have investigated the effects of physical exercise on BMD in obese children compared to lean children. Previous studies show that overweight and obese children are at an increased risk of bone fracture due to low bone mass and bone area for weight. An increased response in BMD or bone mineral content (BMC) of obese children due to exercise could improve bone strength and decrease fracture risk. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were differences in BMD acquisition in lean and obese children in response to a 16-week exercise intervention. Dual energy X-absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to assess the change in BMD in children at week 0 and 16. Participants were grouped by body mass index percentile as obese (n=41) or lean (n=19) and then randomly assigned to exercise or control groups. The exercise protocol consisted of aerobic activities such as running, basketball, tennis, football, etc. Participants were required to meet a heart rate average of>140 beats per minute each one-hour exercise session. The protocol for the study was reviewed and approved by the East Carolina University Institutional Review Board. Both lean and obese exercise groups increased total body bone mineral density (+0.026±0.001g/cm2, +0.028±0.001g/cm2 respectively; p
Book Synopsis Development of body composition and its relationship with physical activity in healthy Swedish children by : Hanna Henriksson
Download or read book Development of body composition and its relationship with physical activity in healthy Swedish children written by Hanna Henriksson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2015-04-27 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood obesity according to the World Health Organization is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. The proportion of childhood obesity is high both globally and in Sweden. This is of great concern since obese children tend to stay obese in adulthood. In order to develop strategies to prevent early childhood obesity more knowledge is needed regarding factors explaining why children become overweight and obese. Preventive strategies require accurate and easy-to-use methods to assess physical activity in response to energy expenditure as well as energy intake in young children, but such methods are largely lacking or have shown limited accuracy. The aims of this thesis were: 1) to describe the longitudinal development of body composition from 1 week to 4.5 years of age; 2) to study relationships between measures of body composition and the physical activity level (PAL) at 1.5 and 3 years of age; 3) to evaluate if heart rate recording and movement registration using Actiheart can capture variations in total energy expenditure (TEE) and activity energy expenditure (AEE) at 1.5 and 3 years; 4) to evaluate the potential of a 7-day activity diary to assess PAL at 1.5 and 3 years of age; 5) to evaluate a new tool (TECH) using mobile phones for assessing energy intake at 3 years of age. Healthy children were investigated at 1 and 12 weeks (n=44), at 1.5 (n=44), 3 (n=33) and 4.5 (n=26) years of age. Body composition was measured using air-displacement plethysmography at 1 and 12 weeks and at 4.5 years of age. At 1.5 and 3 years, body composition, TEE, PAL and AEE were assessed using the doubly labelled water method and indirect calorimetry. Heart rate and movements were recorded using Actiheart (four days) and physical activities were registered using the 7-day diary. Energy intake was assessed using TECH during one complete 24-hour period. Average percentage of total body fat (TBF) and average fat mass index (FMI) were higher (+3 to +81 %), while fat-free mass index (FFMI) was slightly lower (-2 to -9 %), in children in the study from 12 weeks until 4.5 years of age when compared to corresponding reference values. A relationship between TBF% and PAL was found both at 1.5 and 3 years of age. At 3 years, but not at 1.5 years, this could be explained by a relationship between PAL and FFMI. Actiheart recordings explained a significant but small fraction (8%) of the variation in free-living TEE at 1.5 and 3 years, and in AEE (6 %) at 3 years, above that explained by body composition variables. At 1.5 and 3 years of age, PAL estimated by means of the activity diary using metabolic equivalent (MET) values by Ainsworth et al. was not significantly different from reference PAL, but the accuracy for individuals was low. Average energy intake assessed by TECH was not significantly different from TEE. However, the accuracy for individuals was poor. The results of this thesis suggest that 1) The higher body fatness of the children in the study compared to the corresponding reference values may indicate the presence of a secular trend in body composition development characterized by a high body fatness. 2) Body fatness might counteract physical activity at 1.5 years of age when the capacity to perform physical activity is limited, but not at 3 years of age when such a capacity has been developed. 3) Actiheart recordings explained a significant but small fraction of the variation in TEE at 1.5 and 3 years, and in AEE at 3 years of age, above that explained by body composition variables. 4) The activity diary and TECH produced mean values in agreement with reference PAL and TEE, respectively, but the accuracy for individual children was low. In conclusion, the results of this thesis suggest the presence of a secular trend in body composition development in healthy Swedish children, from infancy up to 4.5 years of age, which is characterized by a high body fatness. Methods to assess physical activity and energy intake at 1.5 and 3 years of age provided some promising results on a group level, although further research is needed to increase the accuracy of these methods in individual children.
Author :National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.) Staff Publisher :Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Servic ISBN 13 : Total Pages :92 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis Total Body Bone Area, Bone Mineral Content, and Bone Mineral Density for Individuals Aged 8 Years and Over by : National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.) Staff
Download or read book Total Body Bone Area, Bone Mineral Content, and Bone Mineral Density for Individuals Aged 8 Years and Over written by National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.) Staff and published by Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Servic. This book was released on 2013 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Bone Accrual and Physical Activity in Asian and Hispanic Middle-school Girls by : Lisa M. Tindle
Download or read book The Relationship Between Bone Accrual and Physical Activity in Asian and Hispanic Middle-school Girls written by Lisa M. Tindle and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physical Activity and Bone Health by : Karim Khan
Download or read book Physical Activity and Bone Health written by Karim Khan and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on exercise and its effect on bone, this text includes sections on basic anatomy and the physiology of the structure and function of bone as well as exercises to maintain a healthy skeleton through to old age.
Book Synopsis The Female Athlete Triad by : Catherine M. Gordon
Download or read book The Female Athlete Triad written by Catherine M. Gordon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-28 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book of its kind to focus solely on the female athlete triad - its origins, its recognition, and most importantly, its management. Since the symptoms themselves cover a range of medical specialties, chapters are written by experts in a number of relevant fields - sports medicine, orthopedics, endocrinology, and pediatrics - with an eye toward overall care of the young female athlete. Additionally, each chapter includes suggestions on how to educate and communicate with young athletes and their parents, as well as trainers and coaches, on how to manage the illness outside of the direct clinical setting. The female athlete triad is often seen in sports where low body weight is emphasized, such as gymnastics, figure skating, and running, though it can appear in any sport or activity. The interrelated symptoms - eating disorders, amenorrhea, and low bone mass - exist on a spectrum of severity and are serious and potentially life-threatening if not properly treated. Psychological problems, in addition to medical ones, are not uncommon. The Female Athlete Triad: A Clinical Guide discusses all of these areas for a well-rounded and in-depth approach to the phenomenon and will be a useful reference for any clinician working with female athletes across the lifespan.
Book Synopsis Human Body Composition by : Kenneth J. Ellis
Download or read book Human Body Composition written by Kenneth J. Ellis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the compilation of papers presented at the International Symposium on In Vivo Body Composition Studies, held in Houston, Texas, November 10-12, 1992. The purpose of this conference was to report on the state-of-the-art techniques for in vivo body composition measurements and to present the most recent human data on normal body composition and changes during disease. This conference was the third in a series of meetings on body composition studies held in North America, and follows the successful meetings at Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1986, and the one in Toronto in 1989. A large number of excellent research papers were offered for consideration at this Conference which demonstrates the rapid growth of the field in the last three years. However, we had to limit the presentations to approximately 90 papers which provided a broad spectrum of the applications and recent interest in the subject. The proceedings of the Brookhaven meeting "In Vivo Body Composition Studies", is published by The Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine, London. The proceedings of the Toronto meeting "In Vivo Body Composition Studies" was published by Plenum Press in its basic life science series. Both these meetings placed more emphasis on technical aspects while the current Houston meeting tried to emphasize more the emerging clinical applications of these techniques. The general sessions used at the Conference for presentations forms the basis of the order of appearance of the papers in this book.
