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Regulation Of T Cell Tolerance By Antigen Coupled Splenocyte Injection
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Book Synopsis Regulation of T Cell Tolerance by Antigen-coupled Splenocyte Injection by : Todd Norman Eagar
Download or read book Regulation of T Cell Tolerance by Antigen-coupled Splenocyte Injection written by Todd Norman Eagar and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD4+ T cells play a critical role in directing immune responses. T cells have the ability to recognize and respond to potentially all combinations of peptide antigens presented in MHC class II. This power allows for not only the clearance of infectious agents but also for the establishment of debilitating autoimmune conditions. Two processes known as central and peripheral tolerance limit the activity of autoimmune T cells but do not eliminate autoimmunity. Therefore, therapeutic intervention may be used to induce or restore a state of tolerance. The injection of antigen-coupled splenocytes (Ag-SP) is an effective method of inducing peripheral T cell tolerance and treating autoimmune conditions such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The driving hypothesis of this research is that tolerance induced with Ag-SP is the result of anergy induction. Tolerance and anergy were examined in the context of B7, CTLA-4 and activation of the innate immune system. The injection of Ag-SP leads to a sharp reduction in T cell effector responses despite a rapid induction of T cell activation and proliferation. This initial "activation" resulted in an increase in antigen-specific T cells, which argues against deletion as the mechanism of tolerance induction in this scenario. Although increasing the presence of B7 on the fixed splenocytes prevents the induction of T cell unresponsiveness as measured by DTH, B7 was not required for the induction of tolerance. In vivo upregulation of B7 via toll-like receptor ligands such as LPS reversed T cell tolerance as measured by DTH and clinical disease (EAE). CTLA-4 was required for the maintenance of tolerance. Subsequent data demonstrated that CTLA-4 inhibits the activity of tolerized T cells at the level of cell-cycle entry and their ability to carry out effector functions. This suggests a larger role for CTLA-4 activity wherein CTLA-4 regulates the threshold of T cell activation making it more difficult to achieve proliferation and production of cytokines.
Book Synopsis Gene Therapy of Autoimmune Disease by : Gerald J. Prud'homme
Download or read book Gene Therapy of Autoimmune Disease written by Gerald J. Prud'homme and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-07-13 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autoimmune diseases are diverse and responsible for considerable morbidity. Their etiology remains largely unknown, and current therapy with anti-inflammatory drugs is prone to adverse effects, and rarely curative. New therapies with anti-cytokine antibodies or receptors are promising, but require frequent administration of expensive protein drugs. Gene Therapy of Autoimmune Diseases comprehensively reviews research in gene therapy for autoimmune diseases with viral or non-viral vectors. Gene therapy offers the possibility of long-term, continuous delivery of a wide variety of immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, or tolerance-inducing agents. Moreover, highly specific genetically modified cells can be produced. This book discusses the most promising avenues in this exciting new field.
Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of The Cell by : Bruce Alberts
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Immune Regulation by : Richard D. Granstein
Download or read book Mechanisms of Immune Regulation written by Richard D. Granstein and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 1994 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the topics reviewed are T and B cell tolerance, clonal deletion, suppressor cells, mechanisms of immune privileged sites and experimental models of tumor immunity. Oral tolerance, ultraviolet radiation and photosensitized effects on immunity, allograft management, T cell vaccination and regulation of immunity with T cell epitopes are discussed from the point of view of possible therapeutic application.
Author :J. Wayne Streilein Publisher :Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN 13 :3805568932 Total Pages :239 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (55 download)
Book Synopsis Immune Response and the Eye by : J. Wayne Streilein
Download or read book Immune Response and the Eye written by J. Wayne Streilein and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the physiologic bases of ocular immune privilege and the distinctive systemic immune responses elicited by eye derived antigens are described. Several chapters discuss the pathogeneses of these disorders which arise from infections, autoimmunity, and neoplasms. Finally, chapters devoted to corneal and retinal transplantation describe attempts to exploit ocular immune privilege to promote graft survival and thereby cure blindness. Ophthalmologists, both clinicians and physician scientists, general and tumor immunologists, transplantation biologists and anyone seeking to understand the immunopathogenic diseases that threaten vision will appreciate the information presented in this book.
Book Synopsis Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function by : Jonathan Soboloff
Download or read book Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function written by Jonathan Soboloff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: T cells play a vital role mediating adaptive immunity, a specific acquired resistance to an infectious agent produced by the introduction of an antigen. There are a variety of T cell types with different functions. They are called T cells, because they are derived from the thymus gland. This volume discusses how T cells are regulated through the operation of signaling mechanisms. Topics covered include positive and negative selection, early events in T cell receptor engagement, and various T cell subsets.
Book Synopsis Persistent Viral Infections by : R. Ahmed
Download or read book Persistent Viral Infections written by R. Ahmed and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1999 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Persistent Viral Infections Edited by Rafi Ahmed Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, USA and Irvin S. Y. Chen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA During the past decade much of our attention has focused on diseases associated with viral persistence. Major breakthroughs in immunology, and the advent of molecular approaches to study pathogenesis have increased our understanding of the complex virus-host interactions that occur during viral persistence. Persistent Viral Infections focuses on: * The pathogenesis and immunology of chronic infections * Animal models that provide, or have the potential to provide, major insights This volume will be essential reading for virologists, immunologists, oncologists and neurologists.
Book Synopsis The Evolution and Regulation of T Cell Responses During Relapsing-remitting Experimental Autoimmune Encephalitomyelitis by : Carol L. VanderLugt
Download or read book The Evolution and Regulation of T Cell Responses During Relapsing-remitting Experimental Autoimmune Encephalitomyelitis written by Carol L. VanderLugt and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Immunopharmacology by : Manzoor M. Khan
Download or read book Immunopharmacology written by Manzoor M. Khan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decades, with the introduction of the recombinant DNA, hybridoma and transgenic technologies there has been an exponential evolution in understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of a large number of human diseases. The technologies are evident with the development of cytokines and monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents and the techniques used in gene therapy. Immunopharmacology is that area of biomedical sciences where immunology, pharmacology and pathology overlap. It concerns the pharmacological approach to the immune response in physiological as well as pathological events. This goals and objectives of this textbook are to emphasize the developments in immunology and pharmacology as they relate to the modulation of immune response. The information includes the pharmacology of cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, mechanism of action of immune-suppressive agents and their relevance in tissue transplantation, therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AIDS and the techniques employed in gene therapy. The book is intended for health care professional students and graduate students in pharmacology and immunology.
Book Synopsis Frontiers in Transplantology by : Hesham Abdeldayem
Download or read book Frontiers in Transplantology written by Hesham Abdeldayem and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-09-07 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is addressed to researchers, practicing physicians, and surgeons in the field of organ transplantation, as well as the medical students, residents, and fellows. The topics covered include the religious concepts in organ transplantation, embryonic organ transplantation, tolerance, normothermic graft perfusion, pharmacogenetics of immunosuppressors, viral transmission in organ transplantation, pediatric and split-liver transplantation, portopulmonary hypertension, mechanical circulatory support, ex vivo lung perfusion, and ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation.
Book Synopsis Cells of the Immune System by : Ota Fuchs
Download or read book Cells of the Immune System written by Ota Fuchs and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cells of the immune system are lymphocytes (T-cells, B-cells and NK (natural killer) cells), neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes/macrophages. This book is an overview of some types of these cells and their role in recognizing and/or reacting against foreign material. The immune system is characterized by collaboration between cells and proteins. The development of all cells of the immune system begins in the bone marrow with a hematopoietic stem cell. Two chapters deal with neutrophils, three chapters with T-cells, four chapters with eosinophils, and other chapters review the immunomodulation of macrophages, the role of transcription factor KLF4 in regulating plasticity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and role of sorption detoxification in the therapy of acute radiation sickness.
Author :Michael B. A. Oldstone Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3540307915 Total Pages :166 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (43 download)
Book Synopsis Molecular Mimicry: Infection Inducing Autoimmune Disease by : Michael B. A. Oldstone
Download or read book Molecular Mimicry: Infection Inducing Autoimmune Disease written by Michael B. A. Oldstone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-09 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Text will follow)
Book Synopsis Recombinant Poxviruses by : Matthew M. Binns
Download or read book Recombinant Poxviruses written by Matthew M. Binns and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-05-27 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recombinant Poxviruses provides a comprehensive examination of poxviruses with an emphasis on the potential of these viruses as new vaccines. The book considers a wide range of issues involved in producing new genetically engineered live vaccines, such as efficacy, safety, stability, cost, host range, immune response, immunization route, use of multivalent vaccines, and need for revaccination. The opening chapter describes the origin of vaccinia virus, its use to eradicate smallpox, and the pathogenesis of poxvirus infections. Subsequent chapters examine the molecular biology of poxviruses, methods of constructing vaccinia virus recombinants, and applications; the use and immune responses induced by poxvirus recombinants as live vaccines; and the important issues of the safety and immunogenicity of vaccinia virus. The book's final two chapters report the progress that has been made developing avipoxviruses and parapoxviruses as candidate recombinant vaccines. Recombinant Poxviruses will be a welcome addition to the bookshelves of virologists, microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, and veterinarians.
Book Synopsis Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting by : Andreas Radbruch
Download or read book Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting written by Andreas Radbruch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis and sorting of large numbers of cells with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) was first achieved some 30 years ago. Since then, this technology has been rapidly developed and is used today in many laboratories. A Springer Lab Manual Review of the First Edition: "This is a most useful volume which will be a welcome addition for personal use and also for laboratories in a wide range of disciplines. Highly recommended." CYTOBIOS
Book Synopsis Interleukin-10 in Health and Disease by : Simon Fillatreau
Download or read book Interleukin-10 in Health and Disease written by Simon Fillatreau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a set of reviews dedicated to the biology of Interleukin (IL)-10. It includes chapters on its importance for maintaining immune homeostasis in humans, its role in intestinal immunity and its functions during viral and bacterial infections. In addition, it presents reviews on the mechanisms linking innate microbial recognition to the production of IL-10 and on how IL-10 recognition by its receptor functions. The roles of T and B cells as relevant sources of IL-10 are also discussed, with an emphasis on the clinical opportunities offered by IL-10-producing Tr1 cells for the suppression of unwanted immunity. Finally, the functions of other cytokines of the IL-10 family are presented. Collectively, these articles provide a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines known to date.
Book Synopsis Phagocytosis of Dying Cells by : Dmitri V. Krysko
Download or read book Phagocytosis of Dying Cells written by Dmitri V. Krysko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-10 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phagocytosis has been at the forefront of cell biology for more than a century. Initially, phagocytosis, which comes from Greek words meaning “devouring cells,” was discovered in the late 19th century by Ilya Metchnikoff, who was awarded, together with Paul Ehrlich, the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1908 “in recognition of their work on immunity.” At that time Metchnikoff had already identified a function for phagocytes not only in host defense but also as scavengers of degenerating host cells during metamorphosis of tadpoles, thus providing one of the first descriptions of apoptotic cell clearance by macrophages (Kaufmann 2008). Since then, much has been learned about phagocytosis, and the previous several decades have witnessed outstanding progress in understanding the functions and the molecular mechanisms of phagocytosis. Two main types of targets are cleared by phagocytosis: microbial pathogens and dying cells. Rapid recognition and clearance of dying cells by phagocytes plays a pivotal role in development, maintenance of tissue homeostasis, control of immune responses, and resolution of inflammation. Clearance of dying cells can be divided into several stages, including sensing, r- ognition, binding and signaling, internalization, and immunological responses. In this book, our contributors address these different stages of dead cell cle- ance and examine how impaired clearance of dying cells may lead to human d- eases. We have attempted to provide sufficient cross-referencing and indexing to enable the reader to easily locate the ideas elaborated in the different chapters.
Book Synopsis Immune Regulation by : Marc Feldmann
Download or read book Immune Regulation written by Marc Feldmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leukocyte culture conferences have a long pedigree. This volume records some of the scientific highlights of the 16th such annual con ference, and is a witness to the continuing evolution and popularity of leukocyte culture and of immunology. There is strong evidence of the widening horizons of immunology, both technically, with the obviously major impact of molecular biology into our understanding of cellular processes, and also conceptually. Traditionally, the 'proceedings' of these conferences have been published. But have the books produced really recorded the major part of the conference, the informal, friendly, but intense and some times heated exchanges that take place between workers in tackling very similar problems and systems and which are at the heart of every successful conference? Unfortunately this essence cannot be incorpo rated by soliciting manuscripts. For this reason, we have changed the format of publication, retaining published versions of the symposium papers, but requesting the workshop chairmen to produce a summary of the major new observations and areas of controversy highlighted in their sessions, as a vehicle for defining current areas of interest and debate. Not an easy task, as the workshop topics were culled from the abstracts submitted by the participants, rather than being on predefined topics. The unseasonal warmth in Cambridge was reflected in the atmos phere of the conference, the organization of which benefited from the administrative skills of Jean Bacon, Philippa Wells, Mr. Peter Irving, and Mrs.
