Reduced Neutralization Of Sars Cov 2 Omicron Variant By Vaccine Sera And Monoclonal Antibodies

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Reduced Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant by Vaccine Sera and Monoclonal Antibodies

Author : Alexander Wilhelm
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Reduced Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant by Vaccine Sera and Monoclonal Antibodies by : Alexander Wilhelm

Download or read book Reduced Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant by Vaccine Sera and Monoclonal Antibodies written by Alexander Wilhelm and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to numerous mutations in the spike protein, the SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron (B.1.1.529) raises serious concerns since it may significantly limit the antibody-mediated neutralization and increase the risk of reinfections. While a rapid increase in the number of cases is being reported worldwide, until now there has been uncertainty about the efficacy of vaccinations and monoclonal antibodies. Our in vitro findings using authentic SARS-CoV-2 variants indicate that in contrast to the currently circulating Delta variant, the neutralization efficacy of vaccine-elicited sera against Omicron was severely reduced highlighting T-cell mediated immunity as essential barrier to prevent severe COVID-19. Since SARS-CoV-2 Omicron was resistant to casirivimab and imdevimab, genotyping of SARS-CoV-2 may be needed before initiating mAb treatment. Variant-specific vaccines and mAb agents may be required to treat COVID-19 due to Omicron and other emerging variants of concern.

Limited Neutralisation of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 by Convalescent and Vaccine Serum and Monoclonal Antibodies

Download Limited Neutralisation of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 by Convalescent and Vaccine Serum and Monoclonal Antibodies PDF Online Free

Author : Alexander Wilhelm
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Limited Neutralisation of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 by Convalescent and Vaccine Serum and Monoclonal Antibodies by : Alexander Wilhelm

Download or read book Limited Neutralisation of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 by Convalescent and Vaccine Serum and Monoclonal Antibodies written by Alexander Wilhelm and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: In recent months, Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 have become dominant in many regions of the world, and case numbers with Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 continue to increase. Due to numerous mutations in the spike protein, the efficacy of currently available vaccines, which are based on Wuhan-Hu 1 isolate of SARS-CoV-2, is reduced, leading to breakthrough infections. Efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy is also likely impaired. Methods: In our in vitro study using A549-AT cells constitutively expressing ACE2 and TMPRSS2, we determined and compared the neutralizing capacity of vaccine-elicited sera, convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies against authentic SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 compared with Delta. Findings: Almost no neutralisation of Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 was observed using sera from individuals vaccinated with two doses 6 months earlier, regardless of the type of vaccine taken. Shortly after the booster dose, most sera from triple BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals were able to neutralise both Omicron variants. In line with waning antibody levels three months after the booster, only weak residual neutralisation was observed for BA.1 (26%, n = 34, 0 median NT50) and BA.2 (44%, n = 34, 0 median NT50). In addition, BA.1 but not BA.2 was resistant to the neutralising monoclonal antibodies casirivimab/imdevimab, while BA.2 exhibited almost a complete evasion from the neutralisation induced by sotrovimab. Interpretation: Both SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 escape antibody-mediated neutralisation elicited by vaccination, previous infection with SARS-CoV-2, and monoclonal antibodies. Waning immunity renders the majority of tested sera obtained three months after booster vaccination negative in BA.1 and BA.2 neutralisation. Omicron subvariant specific resistance to the monoclonal antibodies casirivimab/imdevimab and sotrovimab emphasizes the importance of genotype-surveillance and guided application. Funding: This study was supported in part by the Goethe-Corona-Fund of the Goethe University Frankfurt (M.W.) and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (COVIDready; grant 02WRS1621C (M.W.).

Structural Virology

Author : Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 184973223X
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Virology by : Mavis Agbandje-McKenna

Download or read book Structural Virology written by Mavis Agbandje-McKenna and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2010-11-11 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last ten years, much effort has been devoted to improving the biophysical techniques used in the study of viruses. This has resulted in the visualization of these large macromolecular assemblages at atomic level, thus providing the platform for functional interpretation and therapeutic design. Structural Virology covers a wide range of topics and is split into three sections. The first discusses the vast biophysical methodologies used in structural virology, including sample production and purification, confocal microscopy, mass spectrometry, negative-stain and cryo-electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The second discusses the role of virus capsid protein structures in determining the functional roles required for receptor recognition, cellular entry, capsid assembly, genome packaging and mechanisms of host immune system evasion. The last section discusses therapeutic strategies based on virus protein structures, including the design of antiviral drugs and the development of viral capsids as vehicles for foreign gene delivery. Each topic covered will begin with a review of the current literature followed by a more detailed discussion of experimental procedures, a step in the viral life cycle, or strategies for therapeutic development. With contributions from experts in the field of structural biology and virology this exceptional monograph will appeal to biomedical scientists involved in basic and /or applied research on viruses. It also provides up-to-date reference material for students entering the field of structural virology as well as scientists already familiar with the area.

Antibody-mediated Neutralization of Authentic SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Variants Harboring L452R and T478K/E484Q

Author : Alexander Wilhelm
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Antibody-mediated Neutralization of Authentic SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Variants Harboring L452R and T478K/E484Q by : Alexander Wilhelm

Download or read book Antibody-mediated Neutralization of Authentic SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Variants Harboring L452R and T478K/E484Q written by Alexander Wilhelm and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The capacity of convalescent and vaccine-elicited sera and monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants is currently of high relevance to assess the protection against infections. We performed a cell culture-based neutralization assay focusing on authentic SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.617.1 (Kappa), B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.427/B.1.429 (Epsilon), all harboring the spike substitution L452R. We found that authentic SARS-CoV-2 variants harboring L452R had reduced susceptibility to convalescent and vaccine-elicited sera and mAbs. Compared to B.1, Kappa and Delta showed a reduced neutralization by convalescent sera by a factor of 8.00 and 5.33, respectively, which constitutes a 2-fold greater reduction when compared to Epsilon. BNT2b2 and mRNA1273 vaccine-elicited sera were less effective against Kappa, Delta, and Epsilon compared to B.1. No difference was observed between Kappa and Delta towards vaccine-elicited sera, whereas convalescent sera were 1.5-fold less effective against Delta, respectively. Both B.1.617 variants Kappa (+E484Q) and Delta (+T478K) were less susceptible to either casirivimab or imdevimab. In conclusion, in contrast to the parallel circulating Kappa variant, the neutralization efficiency of convalescent and vaccine-elicited sera against Delta was moderately reduced. Delta was resistant to imdevimab, which however, might be circumvented by a combination therapy with casirivimab together.

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2: impact of variants on hosts, COVID-19 vaccines and countermeasures

Author : Seshadri Vasan
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832537944
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution of SARS-CoV-2: impact of variants on hosts, COVID-19 vaccines and countermeasures by : Seshadri Vasan

Download or read book Evolution of SARS-CoV-2: impact of variants on hosts, COVID-19 vaccines and countermeasures written by Seshadri Vasan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-02-20 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ‘novel coronavirus disease’ (COVID-19) has caused significant global morbidity, mortality and economic damage on a scale similar to the influenza pandemic of 1918. The causative ‘severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2’ (SARS-CoV-2) is a RNA virus which is evolving rapidly, accumulating mutations, and existing as a cloud of variants with quasispecies diversity. We have tens of thousands of variants, of which currently two are ‘variants of interest’ (Lambda, Mu) and another four ‘variants of concern’ (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron) to the World Health Organization (WHO). Variants of interest often emerge as variants under investigation in one or more countries, as seen with the Omicron (initially denoted as Nu in South Africa). They become variants of concern when there is evidence of increased transmissibility, greater case severity, loss of neutralization by antibodies, and reduced effectiveness of countermeasures. Some SARS-CoV-2 variants can infect new hosts (for instance, the Alpha, Beta and Gamma variants of concern can infect wild type mice which is a species that cannot be vaccinated or controlled easily), and/or reduce the effectiveness of vaccines and therapies (especially Beta and Delta); diagnostic tests have also been reported to be affected. Currently, we do not yet have any ‘variant of high consequence’ with confirmed attributes such as widespread diagnostic test failures, significant reduction in the effectiveness of vaccines and/or therapies, with greater disease severity and deaths. It remains to be seen if Omicron would be the first to be declared by the WHO as a variant of high consequence; more variants of concern are also likely to be declared by the WHO over the next couple of years. Therefore, our ability to control and conquer this pandemic over the long run is dependent on predicting and keeping up with the evolution of this virus, its new hosts, as well as understanding and mitigating its impact on diagnostics, vaccines and therapies.

Advancing the understanding of emergence of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants and COVID-19 vaccine efficacy: Essential clinical and molecular insights and breakthroughs

Download Advancing the understanding of emergence of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants and COVID-19 vaccine efficacy: Essential clinical and molecular insights and breakthroughs PDF Online Free

Author : Alagarraju Muthukumar
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832533396
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Advancing the understanding of emergence of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants and COVID-19 vaccine efficacy: Essential clinical and molecular insights and breakthroughs by : Alagarraju Muthukumar

Download or read book Advancing the understanding of emergence of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants and COVID-19 vaccine efficacy: Essential clinical and molecular insights and breakthroughs written by Alagarraju Muthukumar and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-07 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Global Population Vulnerability

Author : Vivek P. Chavda
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040011942
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Global Population Vulnerability by : Vivek P. Chavda

Download or read book SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Global Population Vulnerability written by Vivek P. Chavda and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-07-05 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus responsible for COVID-19, wreaked havoc on the world; it could both spread easily and mutate rapidly, leading to the decrease in the effectiveness of newly developed vaccines over time. The detection of these mutated variants and the development of more efficient vaccines requires significant effort and increased knowledge in this field. This new book, SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Global Population Vulnerability: Diagnostic Strategies, Vaccine Development, and Therapeutic Management, provides detailed and systemic information regarding the biology and immunophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and highlights the global vulnerability of the world population to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. The book covers different aspects pertaining to the SARS-CoV-2 variants and their relation to global vulnerability. Chapters discuss the diagnostics, vaccine development, and therapeutic management starting from the zoonotic origin, organization, and transmission of SARS-CoV-2, lifestyle and immunophysiology of the virus, detection and diagnosis techniques, and analytical techniques. The book also observes the global impact of Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants. It looks at the drug repurposing and new drug discovery routines for the emerging variants. It presents strategies for fast-track vaccine development, the roles of nasal vaccines and nucleic acid vaccines for COVID-19 management, monoclonal antibody therapy for the diseases management, along with the use of dietary supplements and nutraceuticals, herbal drugs, and other alternative remedies for COVID-19 management. The book also considers the social and environmental impacts of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the current challenges, outlining aspects that can help in developing more efficacious means for controlling SARS-CoV-2 in the future. Key highlights: Discusses SARS-CoV-2 variants, diagnosis strategies, vaccine development, and the therapeutic management of the disease Provides comprehensive coverage of SARS-CoV-2 virus and variants With its unique and thorough take on the subject, this book is an important resource of know-how for investigators working in this area. Professionals from the pharmaceutical industry as well as students, research scholars, doctors, and other healthcare professionals will find this book of particular value.

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Convergent Evolution

Author : Daniele Focosi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030873242
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Convergent Evolution by : Daniele Focosi

Download or read book SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Convergent Evolution written by Daniele Focosi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-11 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current knowledge of the globally circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, highlights their distinct genetic characteristics and associated conformational changes in the viral spike protein, and profoundly discusses the mechanisms of convergent evolution that led to the rise of these mutated strains at different geographic regions during the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the book explores how these variants do and may impact the efficacy of established neutralizing antibody-based (nAb) vaccines and therapeutics by analysing latest in vivo and in vitro clinical data. Finally, the author discusses ways on how nAb Covid-19 treatment derived immune escape of SARS-CoV-2 could be minimized in the future.

New Advances on Zika Virus Research

Author : Luis Martinez-Sobrido
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038977640
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (389 download)

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Book Synopsis New Advances on Zika Virus Research by : Luis Martinez-Sobrido

Download or read book New Advances on Zika Virus Research written by Luis Martinez-Sobrido and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne member of the Flaviviridae family that historically has been associated with mild febrile illness. However, the recent outbreaks in Brazil in 2015 and its rapid spread throughout South and Central America and the Caribbean, together with its association with severe neurological disorders—including fetal microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults—have changed the historic perspective of ZIKV. Currently, ZIKV is considered an important public health concern that has the potential to affect millions of people worldwide. The significance of ZIKV in human health and the lack of approved vaccines and/or antiviral drugs to combat ZIKV infection have triggered a global effort to develop effective countermeasures to prevent and/or treat ZIKV infection. In this Special Issue of Viruses, we have assembled a collection of 32 research and review articles that cover the more recent advances on ZIKV molecular biology, replication and transmission, virus–host interactions, pathogenesis, epidemiology, vaccine development, antivirals, and viral diagnosis.

Intranasal Administration of a Monoclonal Neutralizing Antibody Protects Mice Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Author : Sandro Halwe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)

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Book Synopsis Intranasal Administration of a Monoclonal Neutralizing Antibody Protects Mice Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection by : Sandro Halwe

Download or read book Intranasal Administration of a Monoclonal Neutralizing Antibody Protects Mice Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection written by Sandro Halwe and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the recent availability of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is an urgent need for specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies are an important drug class in the global fight against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic due to their ability to convey immediate protection and their potential to be used as both prophylactic and therapeutic drugs. Clinically used neutralizing antibodies against respiratory viruses are currently injected intravenously, which can lead to suboptimal pulmonary bioavailability and thus to a lower effectiveness. Here we describe DZIF-10c, a fully human monoclonal neutralizing antibody that binds the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. DZIF-10c displays an exceptionally high neutralizing potency against SARS-CoV-2, retains full activity against the variant of concern (VOC) B.1.1.7 and still neutralizes the VOC B.1.351, although with reduced potency. Importantly, not only systemic but also intranasal application of DZIF-10c abolished the presence of infectious particles in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2 infected mice and mitigated lung pathology when administered prophylactically. Along with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, these results highlight DZIF-10c as a novel human SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody with high in vitro and in vivo antiviral potency. The successful intranasal application of DZIF-10c paves the way for clinical trials investigating topical delivery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Statistics in Clinical Vaccine Trials

Author : Jozef Nauta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642146910
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics in Clinical Vaccine Trials by : Jozef Nauta

Download or read book Statistics in Clinical Vaccine Trials written by Jozef Nauta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-07 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph offers well-founded training and expertise on the statistical analysis of data from clinical vaccine trials, i.e., immunogenicity and vaccine field efficacy studies. The book's scope is practical rather than theoretical. It opens with two introductory chapters on the immunology of vaccines to provide readers with the necessary background knowledge. It then continues with an in-depth exploration of the statistical methodology. Many real-life examples and SAS codes are presented, making application of the methods straightforward. Topics discussed include maximum likelihood estimation for censored antibody titers, ANCOVA for antibody values, analysis of equivalence and non-inferiority immunogenicity trial data, analysis of data from vaccine field efficacy trials (including data from studies with recurrent infection data), fitting protection curves to data of challenge or field efficacy studies, and the analysis of vaccine safety data.

SARS-CoV-2 Variant Mutations Conferring Reduced Susceptibility to Antiviral Drugs and Monoclonal Antibodies

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789294986443
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis SARS-CoV-2 Variant Mutations Conferring Reduced Susceptibility to Antiviral Drugs and Monoclonal Antibodies by :

Download or read book SARS-CoV-2 Variant Mutations Conferring Reduced Susceptibility to Antiviral Drugs and Monoclonal Antibodies written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antiviral drugs and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), administered either separately or as combination therapy 'cocktails', have provided a valuable tool for fighting COVID-19. Surveillance data, coupled with data on antiviral treatment susceptibility, can guide clinical decisions on selecting the best therapy for the patient. The aim of this report is to provide a non-systematic literature review on the currently available data on SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic mAbs and antiviral drugs authorised for use in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA). In total, 258 publications on the four approved mAbs and 23 publications on antiviral drugs were analysed. According to these studies, the ORF1ab mutations nsp5:S144A, nsp5:Q189K, nsp5:H172Y, nsp5:E166A, and nsp5:F140A conferred moderate to high reduction in susceptibility to Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir). The data indicated a highly reduced neutralisation capacity of Ronapreve (casirivimab/imdevimab) for all Omicron sub-lineages included in this report. The sub-lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 showed high reduction in susceptibility to Regkirona (regdanvimab). Xevudy (sotrovimab) showed high neutralisation efficacy against most SARS-CoV-2 variants, but moderate reduction in neutralisation activity for BA.2, BA.4, and BQ.1.1. Highly reduced neutralisation activity against the BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 sub-lineages was observed for Evusheld (tixagevimab/cilgavimab). Monitoring the resistance of circulating new variants to mAb-based antiviral treatments is important for making decisions on whether some of the developed mAbs should be discontinued or different combinations of mAbs should be used. Neutralising susceptibility data are quite variable, leading to discordant findings among investigations. Therefore, adopting a global external standard for calibration would improve concordance across various tests and results could be provided in global units.

Electronic Structure Methods for Complex Materials

Author : Wai-Yim Ching
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191635065
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Electronic Structure Methods for Complex Materials by : Wai-Yim Ching

Download or read book Electronic Structure Methods for Complex Materials written by Wai-Yim Ching and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-05-17 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Density functional theory (DFT) has blossomed in the past few decades into a powerful tool that is used by experimentalists and theoreticians alike. This book highlights the extensive contributions that the DFT-based OLCAO method has made to progress in this field, and it demonstrates its competitiveness for performing ab initio calculations on large and complex models of practical systems. A brief historical account and introduction to the elements of the theory set the stage for discussions on semiconductors, insulators, crystalline metals and alloys, complex crystals, non-crystalline solids and liquids, microstructure containing systems and those containing impurities, defects, and surfaces, biomolecular systems, and the technique of ab initio core level spectroscopy calculation.

Human Retroviruses

Author : Bryan Cullen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199633821
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (338 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Retroviruses by : Bryan Cullen

Download or read book Human Retroviruses written by Bryan Cullen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to specifically cover the molecular biology of retroviruses - of immense importance since the high profile of HIV. International contributors provide detailed reviews of the latest knowledge. An excellent text for both medical and non-medical researchers, it also serves as an illuminating introduction for scientists active in other areas.

Recombinant Virus Vaccines

Author : Maureen C. Ferran
Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781493983230
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Recombinant Virus Vaccines by : Maureen C. Ferran

Download or read book Recombinant Virus Vaccines written by Maureen C. Ferran and published by Humana. This book was released on 2018-06-09 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides readers with methods and protocols for understanding the development of recombinant viruses and their use as vaccines platforms. Recombinant Virus Vaccines: Methods and Protocols details the use of recombinant vaccines that are employed to either produce immunogens in vitro or elicit antibody production in vivo. The chapters in this book are divided into four parts: Part I explores double-stranded DNA viruses; Part II discusses negative sense single-stranded RNA viruses; Part III talks about positive sense single-stranded RNA viruses; and Part IV describes bacteriophages. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Recombinant Virus Vaccines: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for scientists and clinicians who are interested in learning about and adopting methods for use in basic and biomedical research directed toward generating and developing recombinant viral vaccines.

IgY-Technology: Production and Application of Egg Yolk Antibodies

Author : Xiao-Ying Zhang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030726867
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis IgY-Technology: Production and Application of Egg Yolk Antibodies by : Xiao-Ying Zhang

Download or read book IgY-Technology: Production and Application of Egg Yolk Antibodies written by Xiao-Ying Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-06-25 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first edited Volume on IgY-Technology, addresses the historical and dynamic development of IgY-applications. The authors cover the biological basis and theoretical context, methodological guidance, and applications of IgY-Technology. A focus is laid on the use of IgY-antibodies for prophylactic/therapeutic purposes in human and veterinary medicine. Aside from applications, the chapters also offer an evolutionary understanding of the IgY molecule, IgY receptors and practical prerequisites to produce IgY-antibodies. Guidance is given for every step of the process. Starting with an introduction to hens as a model species and including hen husbandry, hen egg-laying capacity and total IgY outcomes. Readers will also learn about immunization techniques, the advantages and limitations of different IgY extraction methods, as well as storage stability of the final product. The last part of the volume highlights hands-on aspects of applications, such as IgY delivery strategies, new methods to produce monoclonal IgY-antibodies or production of functional IgY fragments by phage-display as well as commercial exploitation of the technology. Thus, this book is a valuable resource and guide for Scientists, Clinicians and Health Product Developers in both human and veterinary medicine.

Antibody Glycosylation

Author : Marija Pezer
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030769127
Total Pages : 588 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Antibody Glycosylation by : Marija Pezer

Download or read book Antibody Glycosylation written by Marija Pezer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-22 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes recent advances in antibody glycosylation research. Covering major topics relevant for immunoglobulin glycosylation - analytical methods, biosynthesis and regulation, modulation of effector functions - it provides new perspectives for research and development in the field of therapeutic antibodies, biomarkers, vaccinations, and immunotherapy. Glycans attached to both variable and constant regions of antibodies are known to affect the antibody conformation, stability, and effector functions. Although it focuses on immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most explored antibody in this context, and unravels the natural phenomena resulting from the mixture of IgG glycovariants present in the human body, the book also discusses other classes of human immunoglobulins, as well as immunoglobulins produced in other species and production systems. Further, it reviews the glycoanalytical methods applied to antibodies and addresses a range of less commonly explored topics, such as automatization and bioinformatics aspects of high-throughput antibody glycosylation analysis. Lastly, the book highlights application areas ranging from the ones already benefitting from antibody glycoengineering (such as monoclonal antibody production), to those still in the research stages (such as exploration of antibody glycosylation as a clinical or biological age biomarker), and the potential use of antibody glycosylation in the optimization of vaccine production and immunization protocols. Summarizing the current knowledge on the broad topic of antibody glycosylation and its therapeutic and biomarker potential, this book will appeal to a wide biomedical readership in academia and industry alike. Chapter 4 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.