Recognizing Phonemes and Their Distinctive Features in the Brain

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Author :
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Recognizing Phonemes and Their Distinctive Features in the Brain by : Wang Rui

Download or read book Recognizing Phonemes and Their Distinctive Features in the Brain written by Wang Rui and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the human brain processes phonemes has been a subject of interest for linguists and neuroscientists for a long time. Electroencephalography (EEG) offers a promising approach to observe neural activities of phoneme processing in the brain, thanks to its high temporal resolution, low cost and noninvasiveness. The studies on Mismatch Negativity (MMN) effects in EEG activities in the 1990s suggested the existence of a language-specific central phoneme representation in the brain. Recent findings using magnetoencephalograph (MEG) also suggested that the brain encodes the complex acoustic-phonetic information of speech into the representations of phonological features before the lexical information is retrieved. However, very little success has yet been reported in classifying the brain activities associated with phoneme processing. In my work, I proposed a classification framework which incorporates Principal Components Analysis (PCA), cross-validation and support vector machine (SVM) methods. The initial classification rates were not very good. Progress was made by using bootstrap aggregation (Bagging) scheme and introducing phase calculations. To calculate phase, I computed the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of the original time-domain signal and kept the angles of the finite sample of frequencies. The resulting EEG spectral representation contains only the phase and frequency information and ignores the amplitudes. Using this method, the accurate rate of classifying averaged test samples of eight consonants improved from 41% to 51%. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis of the similarities between the EEG representations, derived from the confusion matrices, illustrates the invariance of brain and perceptual representation of phonemes. For brain and perceptual representation of consonants, voicing is the most distinguishable feature among voicing, continuant and place of articulation. And the feature vowel-height is more robust than vowel-backness in both brain and perceptual representation of vowels. By extending and further refining these methods, it is likely significant classification of other phonemes and features can be made.

Distinctive Feature Theory

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Author :
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110886677
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Distinctive Feature Theory by : T. Alan Hall

Download or read book Distinctive Feature Theory written by T. Alan Hall and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume consists of nine articles dealing with topics in distinctive feature theory in various typologically diverse languages, including Acehnese, Afrikaans, Basque, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Japanese, Korean, Navajo, Portuguese, Tahltan, Terena, Tswana, Tuvan, and Zoque. The subjects dealt with in the book include feature geometry, underspecification (in rule-based and in Opti-mality Theoretic treatments) and the phonetic implementation of phonological features. Other topics include laryngeal features (e.g. [voice], [spread glottis], [nasal]), and place features for consonants and vowels. The volume will be of interest to all linguists and advanced students of linguistics working on feature theory and/or the phonetics-phonology interface.

Phonetics in Linguistics

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Publisher : Longman Publishing Group
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonetics in Linguistics by : W. E. Jones

Download or read book Phonetics in Linguistics written by W. E. Jones and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1973 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Phonemic Awareness in Young Children

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Publisher : Brookes Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9781557663214
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (632 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonemic Awareness in Young Children by : Marilyn Jager Adams

Download or read book Phonemic Awareness in Young Children written by Marilyn Jager Adams and published by Brookes Publishing Company. This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This invaluable supplementary curriculum meets Reading First criteria and contains numerous classroom-ready activities designed to increase the phonemic awareness and preliteracy skills of preschool, kindergarten, and first-grade students.

Second Language Speech Learning

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108882366
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Second Language Speech Learning by : Ratree Wayland

Download or read book Second Language Speech Learning written by Ratree Wayland and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Including contributions from a team of world-renowned international scholars, this volume is a state-of-the-art survey of second language speech research, showcasing new empirical studies alongside critical reviews of existing influential speech learning models. It presents a revised version of Flege's Speech Learning Model (SLM-r) for the first time, an update on a cornerstone of second language research. Chapters are grouped into five thematic areas: theoretical progress, segmental acquisition, acquiring suprasegmental features, accentedness and acoustic features, and cognitive and psychological variables. Every chapter provides new empirical evidence, offering new insights as well as challenges on aspects of the second language speech acquisition process. Comprehensive in its coverage, this book summarises the state of current research in second language phonology, and aims to shape and inspire future research in the field. It is an essential resource for academic researchers and students of second language acquisition, applied linguistics and phonetics and phonology.

Discovering the Brain

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309045290
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Discovering the Brain by : National Academy of Sciences

Download or read book Discovering the Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Grundzüge Der Phonologie. English

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Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520015357
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Grundzüge Der Phonologie. English by : Nikolaj Sergeevič Trubeckoj

Download or read book Grundzüge Der Phonologie. English written by Nikolaj Sergeevič Trubeckoj and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1969-01-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Features in Phonology and Phonetics

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Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110400103
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Features in Phonology and Phonetics by : Annie Rialland

Download or read book Features in Phonology and Phonetics written by Annie Rialland and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-05-19 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book intends to place Nick Clements’ contribution to Feature Theory in a historical and contemporary context and to introduce some of his unpublished manuscripts as well as new work with colleagues collected in this book.

Contents and Methods for Teaching Spoken Arabic

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Publisher : Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza
ISBN 13 : 8413400406
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Contents and Methods for Teaching Spoken Arabic by : Lombezzi, Letizia

Download or read book Contents and Methods for Teaching Spoken Arabic written by Lombezzi, Letizia and published by Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza. This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Este libro proporciona un marco teórico y diversas pautas para aplicar la dialectología a la enseñanza, situándose en el ámbito de la lingüística aplicada. El desafío radica en llevar la dialectología más allá de la investigación descriptiva. ¿Por qué hay que promocionar el árabe hablado? ¿Cómo pueden los alumnos convertirse en hablantes? ¿Podemos diseñar plantillas morfológicas aplicables a diferentes variedades? El trabajo responde a todo ello a través de sus siete capítulos, y proporciona cuatro planes didácticos basados en teorías e investigaciones actualizadas.

Sounds of Innate Freedom

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1614297096
Total Pages : 1115 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis Sounds of Innate Freedom by : Karl Brunnhölzl

Download or read book Sounds of Innate Freedom written by Karl Brunnhölzl and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2024-06-04 with total page 1115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume in a historic six-volume series containing many of the first English translations of the classic mahamudra literature compiled by the Seventh Karmapa. Sounds of Innate Freedom: The Indian Texts of Mahamudra are historic volumes containing many of the first English translations of the classic mahamudra literature. The texts and songs in these volumes constitute the large compendium called The Indian Texts of the Mahamudra of Definitive Meaning, compiled by the Seventh Karmapa Chötra Gyatso (1456–1539). Translated, introduced, and annotated by Karl Brunnhölzl, acclaimed senior teacher at the Nalandabodhi community of Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche, the collection offers a brilliant window into the richness of the vast ocean of Indian mahamudra texts cherished in all Tibetan lineages, particularly in the Kagyü tradition, giving us a clear view of the sources of one of the world’s great contemplative traditions. This volume 2 (thirty-four texts) contains two long-established sets of Mahamudra works: “The Sixfold Pith Cycle” and short texts of Maitripa’s “Twenty-Five Dharmas of Mental Nonengagement,” which present a blend of Madhyamaka, Mahamudra, and certain tantric principles, as well as two commentaries by Maitripa’s students. The vital focus of this volume is the accomplishment of true reality.

Bilingualism, Language Development and Processing across the Lifespan

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027257353
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Bilingualism, Language Development and Processing across the Lifespan by : Julia Herschensohn

Download or read book Bilingualism, Language Development and Processing across the Lifespan written by Julia Herschensohn and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2022-09-19 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does knowledge of a first or second language develop, and how is that knowledge used in real time comprehension and production of one or two languages? Language development and processing are the central topics that this book explores, initially in terms of first language(s) and then in terms of additional languages. Human growth and development necessarily involve the passage of time, implicating this orthogonal factor and leading to the observation that capacities may vary across the lifespan. Two theoretical frameworks have historically attributed explanations for knowledge and use of language, nature versus nurture approaches: the former credits biogenetic intrinsic characteristics, while the latter ascribes environmental extrinsic experiences as the causes of developmental change. The evidence examined throughout this book offers a more nuanced and complex view, eschewing dichotomy and favoring a hybrid approach that takes into account a range of internal and external influences.

Basic Processes in Reading

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1315467607
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Processes in Reading by : David LaBerge

Download or read book Basic Processes in Reading written by David LaBerge and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1977, this volume contains the most recent theoretical views and experimental findings by prominent psychologists at the time, working in areas they considered to be most basic to the reading processes. The material will still be of value to people interested in applied and basic aspects of reading, as well as those concerned with language processing and information processing in general. The volume divides conveniently into two areas, perception and comprehension. The initial chapters deal with the perceptual processes involved in reading. The second half of the volume delves into the area of comprehension. The interested reader will find a wide variety of topics covered in the volume that reflect the amazingly wide range of cognitive functions that are part of the reading process.

British Medical Journal

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1032 pages
Book Rating : 4.M/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis British Medical Journal by :

Download or read book British Medical Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1879 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology

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Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1483378322
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology by : Ronald T. Kellogg

Download or read book Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology written by Ronald T. Kellogg and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2015-01-07 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its reader-friendly style, this concise text offers a solid introduction to the fundamental concepts of cognitive psychology. Covering neuroimaging, emotion, and cognitive development, author Ronald T. Kellogg integrates the latest developments in cognitive neuroscience for a cutting-edge exploration of the field today. With new pedagogy, relevant examples, and an expanded full-color insert, Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology, Third Edition is sure to engage students interested in an accessible and applied approach to cognitive psychology.

Applying Research in Reading Instruction for Adults

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Applying Research in Reading Instruction for Adults by : Susan McShane

Download or read book Applying Research in Reading Instruction for Adults written by Susan McShane and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Phonological Representations and Mismatch Negativity Asymmetries

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889747336
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonological Representations and Mismatch Negativity Asymmetries by : Arild Hestvik

Download or read book Phonological Representations and Mismatch Negativity Asymmetries written by Arild Hestvik and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Woodcock-Johnson IV

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118860748
Total Pages : 617 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Woodcock-Johnson IV by : Nancy Mather

Download or read book Woodcock-Johnson IV written by Nancy Mather and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes online access to new, customizable WJ IV score tables, graphs, and forms for clinicians Woodcock-Johnson IV: Reports, Recommendations, and Strategies offers psychologists, clinicians, and educators an essential resource for preparing and writing psychological and educational reports after administering the Woodcock-Johnson IV. Written by Drs. Nancy Mather and Lynne E. Jaffe, this text enhances comprehension and use of this instrument and its many interpretive features. This book offers helpful information for understanding and using the WJ IV scores, provides tips to facilitate interpretation of test results, and includes sample diagnostic reports of students with various educational needs from kindergarten to the postsecondary level. The book also provides a wide variety of recommendations for cognitive abilities; oral language; and the achievement areas of reading, written language, and mathematics. It also provides guidelines for evaluators and recommendations focused on special populations, such as sensory impairments, autism, English Language Learners, and gifted and twice exceptional students, as well as recommendations for the use of assistive technology. The final section provides descriptions of the academic and behavioral strategies mentioned in the reports and recommendations. The unique access code included with each book allows access to downloadable, easy-to-customize score tables, graphs, and forms. This essential guide Facilitates the use and interpretation of the WJ IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities, Tests of Oral Language, and Tests of Achievement Explains scores and various interpretive features Offers a variety of types of diagnostic reports Provides a wide variety of educational recommendations and evidence-based strategies