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Recent Studies Of Rodent Ultrasonic Vocalizations And Their Use In Experimental Models
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Book Synopsis Recent Studies of Rodent Ultrasonic Vocalizations and Their Use in Experimental Models by : Stefan M Brudzynski
Download or read book Recent Studies of Rodent Ultrasonic Vocalizations and Their Use in Experimental Models written by Stefan M Brudzynski and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2022-02-25 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes articles written by over 80 specialists from many countries that demonstrate the biological functions of ultrasonic vocalizations and how they are used in studies of vocal expression of emotional states and in numerous animal models of neuropsychiatric diseases and disorders. Results of investigations of emissions of ultrasonic vocalizations are useful in studies of emotional disturbances, affective disorders, autism spectrum disorders, addiction, developmental abnormalities, and many other pathologies.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Ultrasonic Vocalization by : Stefan M Brudzynski
Download or read book Handbook of Ultrasonic Vocalization written by Stefan M Brudzynski and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Ultrasonic Vocalization: Window into the Mammalian Brain, Volume 25, is an exhaustive resource on ultrasonic vocalizations in vertebrates, providing full coverage of all aspects of these vocalizations. The book also demonstrates the usefulness of ultrasonic vocalizations in studies of animal communication, sociobiological states, and in mammalian models of affective disorders, addictions and neurodevelopmental disorders, making it an indispensable resource for researchers using animal models. The book begins with the evolution of vocal communication before discussing mechanisms of ultrasound production, perception and the brain systems involved in emotional arousal that are responsible for the generation of vocalization and emotional states. In addition, the book covers studies of neuroactive agents and sociopsychological conditions that can regulate the outcome of ultrasonic vocalization and provide clues about animals’ internal states. Critically, the book also includes thorough coverage of pharmacological investigations using ultrasonic vocalizations, increasingly being utilized for studies in affective disorders, psychoses, addiction and alcoholism. No other book provides such extensive coverage of this rapidly growing field of study. Represents a multidisciplinary approach that incorporates evolution, communication, behavioral homeostasis, emotional expression and neuropsychiatric dysfunction Provides a systematic review of ultrasonic vocalizations in major groups of rodents widely used in laboratory research Discusses numerous other species across vertebrates that emit ultrasounds
Book Synopsis Handbook of Mammalian Vocalization by : Stefan M Brudzynski
Download or read book Handbook of Mammalian Vocalization written by Stefan M Brudzynski and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-12-08 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Mammalian Vocalization is designed as a broad and comprehensive, but well-balanced book, written from the neuroscience point of view in the broad sense of this term. This well-illustrated Handbook pays particular attention to systematically organized details but also to the explanatory style of the text and internal cohesiveness of the content, so the successive chapters gradually develop a consistent story without losing the inherent complexity. Studies from many species are included, however rodents dominate, as most of the brain investigations were done on these species. The leading idea of the Handbook is that vocalizations evolved as highly adaptive specific signals, which are selectively picked up by the brain. The brain serves as a receptor and behavioural amplifier. Brain systems will be described, which allow vocal signals rapidly changing the entire state of the organism and trigger vital biological responses, usually also with accompanying emission of vocalizations. Integrative brain functions leading to vocal outcome will be described, along with the vocalization generators and motor output to larynx and other supportive motor subsystems. The last sections of the Handbook explains bioacoustic structure of vocalizations, present understanding of information coding, and origins of the complex semiotic/ semantic content of vocalizations in social mammals. The Handbook is a major source of information for professionals from many fields, with a neuroscience approach as a common denominator. The handbook provides consistent and unified understanding of all major aspects of vocalization in a monographic manner, and at the same time, gives an encyclopaedic overview of major topics associated with vocalization from molecular/ cellular level to behavior and cognitive processing. It is written in a strictly scientific way but clear enough to serve not only for specialized researchers in different fields of neuroscience but also for academic teachers of neuroscience, including behavioural neuroscience, affective neuroscience, clinical neuroscience, neuroethology, biopsychology, neurolingusitics, speech pathology, and other related fields, and also for research fellows, graduate and other advanced students, who widely need such a source publication. The first comprehensive handbook on what we know about vocalization in Mammalians Carefully edited, the handbook provides an integrated overview of the area International list of highly regarded contributors, including Jaak Pankseep (Washington State University), David McFarland (Oxford), John D. Newman (NIH ? Unit on Developmental Neuroethology), Gerd Poeggel (Leipzig), Shiba Keisuke (Chiba City, Japan), and others, tightly edited by a single, well regarded editor who has edited a special issue in Behavioral Brain Research on the topic before
Book Synopsis Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research by : National Research Council
Download or read book Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.
Book Synopsis Social Behavior from Rodents to Humans by : Markus Wöhr
Download or read book Social Behavior from Rodents to Humans written by Markus Wöhr and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compelling volume provides a broad and accessible overview on the rapidly developing field of social neuroscience. A major goal of the volume is to integrate research findings on the neural basis of social behavior across different levels of analysis from rodent studies on molecular neurobiology to behavioral neuroscience to fMRI imaging data on human social behavior.
Book Synopsis Concepts, Frames and Cascades in Semantics, Cognition and Ontology by : Sebastian Löbner
Download or read book Concepts, Frames and Cascades in Semantics, Cognition and Ontology written by Sebastian Löbner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-28 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents novel theoretical, empirical and experimental work exploring the nature of mental representations that support natural language production and understanding, and other manifestations of cognition. One fundamental question raised in the text is whether requisite knowledge structures can be adequately modeled by means of a uniform representational format, and if so, what exactly is its nature. Frames are a key topic covered which have had a strong impact on the exploration of knowledge representations in artificial intelligence, psychology and linguistics; cascades are a novel development in frame theory. Other key subject areas explored are: concepts and categorization, the experimental investigation of mental representation, as well as cognitive analysis in semantics. This book is of interest to students, researchers, and professionals working on cognition in the fields of linguistics, philosophy, and psychology.
Book Synopsis Mood and Anxiety Related Phenotypes in Mice by : Todd D. Gould
Download or read book Mood and Anxiety Related Phenotypes in Mice written by Todd D. Gould and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Ontogenetic Profile of Infant Ultrasonic Vocalizations Using Whole Litter Recordings by : Rachel A. Stark
Download or read book An Ontogenetic Profile of Infant Ultrasonic Vocalizations Using Whole Litter Recordings written by Rachel A. Stark and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rodent ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) have been recorded throughout the lifespan of rats. The major finding is that USVs in infants and adults are different. It is hypothesized that there should be a transition in vocal communication that parallels the transition from infancy to adulthood; the development of their social autonomy. The method used in this thesis was a whole litter recording technique in which vocalizations were sampled from an entire litter periodically. Calls from postnatal day 7 to postnatal day 21 were analyzed for duration and frequency. Calls change from an infant to adult patterns around postnatal day 18 in typically developing rats, and earlier in animals given prenatal treatment of valproic acid; they shows precocious development. These findings suggest that whole litter recordings are a valid model of studying development and have potential to identify changes in typical development using animal models of developmental disorders.
Book Synopsis Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by : National Research Council
Download or read book Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A respected resource for decades, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The Guide incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use: Key concepts of animal care and use. The Guide sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals. Animal care and use program. The Guide discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal environment, husbandry, and management. A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more. Veterinary care. The Guide discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The Guide addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia. Physical plant. The Guide identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.
Book Synopsis Rodent Model as Tools in Ethical Biomedical Research by : Monica Levy Andersen
Download or read book Rodent Model as Tools in Ethical Biomedical Research written by Monica Levy Andersen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to concisely present information with respect to appropriate use of experimental rodents in research. The principles elaborated seek to provide knowledge of the techniques involved in both management and scientific research to all who use laboratory animals, with a focus on the well-being and ethics regarding rodents and also to fortify the awareness of the importance of the animal as a study object and to offer orientation and assistance in conducting laboratory research, education or tests.
Book Synopsis Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change by : Kathrin Herrmann
Download or read book Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change written by Kathrin Herrmann and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 749 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal experimentation has been one of the most controversial areas of animal use, mainly due to the intentional harms inflicted upon animals for the sake of hoped-for benefits in humans. Despite this rationale for continued animal experimentation, shortcomings of this practice have become increasingly more apparent and well-documented. However, these limitations are not yet widely known or appreciated, and there is a danger that they may simply be ignored. The 51 experts who have contributed to Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change critically review current animal use in science, present new and innovative non-animal approaches to address urgent scientific questions, and offer a roadmap towards an animal-free world of science.
Book Synopsis Rodent Ultrasonic Mating Calls as a Biomarker for Oromotor Deficits in Parkinsonian Animal Model by : Teh-Sheng Ma
Download or read book Rodent Ultrasonic Mating Calls as a Biomarker for Oromotor Deficits in Parkinsonian Animal Model written by Teh-Sheng Ma and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), likely initiate their pathologies primarily within the brain and later manifest themselves in daily behavioral functions. In patients with PD, the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia results in sensorimotor deficits, including tremor, bradykinesia, olfactory function loss, speech/voice loss, and eating disorders. Although not much is known about the etiology of Parkinson's disease, extensive studies have focused on correlating different signs of motor degradation with the degree of dopaminergic neuron loss. Despite the fact that different animal models and diverse behavioral methods have been developed to further characterize limb motor function loss, the loss of fine oromotor function, which includes eating/biting disorders and voice/speech loss, has been largely overlooked due to its intrinsic complexity as well as the lack of a precise method for quantitative description. An animal model was developed for the study of oromotor deficits in PD that utilizes the production of ultrasonic vocalization in lab rodents. Parkinsonian animals suffer the same symptoms in their vocalization compared to human PD patients: a significant drop of intensity and pitch variation. Furthermore, a newly developed biting test provided evidence that the animal's oromotor function have been compromised due to dopamine loss. Overall, these studies show that qualitative analysis of the ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) of laboratory rats can serve as a sensitive behavioral biomarker for the detection of subtle oromotor deficits in neurodegenerative diseases.
Book Synopsis Rodent Bioacoustics by : Micheal L. Dent
Download or read book Rodent Bioacoustics written by Micheal L. Dent and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-28 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By far, the most widely used subjects in psychological and biological research today are rodents. Although rats and mice comprise the largest group of animals used in research, there are over 2,000 species and 27 families of rodents, living all over the world (except Antarctica) and thriving in many different habitat types. The vast environmental diversity that rodents face has led to numerous adaptations for communication, including vocalizing and hearing in both the sonic and ultrasonic ranges, effectively communicating in the open air and underground, and using vocalizations for coordinating sexual behavior, for mother-pup interactions, and for signaling an alarming situation to the group. Some rodent species have even developed foot drumming behaviors for communication. Comparative studies from around the globe, using both field and laboratory methodologies, reveal the vast differences in acoustic communication behavior across many rodent species. Some rodents are amenable to training and have been domesticated and bred purely for research purposes. Since the early 1900s, rats and mice have been indispensable to research programs around the world. Thus, much of what we know about hearing and vocalizations in rodents come from these two species tested in the laboratory. The sequencing of the mouse genome in 2002, followed by the rat genome in 2004, only increased the utility of these animals as research subjects since genetically engineered strains mimicking human diseases and disorders could be developed more easily. In the laboratory, rats and mice are used as models for human communication and hearing disorders and are involved in studies on hearing loss and prevention, hormones, and auditory plasticity, to name a few. We know that certain strains of mice retain hearing better than others throughout their lifespan, and about the genes involved in those differences. We know about the effects of noise, hormones, sex, aging, and circadian rhythms on hearing in mice and other rodents. We also know about normal hearing in many families of rodents, including the perception of simple and complex stimuli and the anatomy and physiology of hearing and sound localization. The importance of acoustic communication to these animals, as well as the significance of these mammals to biomedical research, are summarized in the chapters.
Book Synopsis Unleashing the Potential of Studying the Correlations Between Ultrasonic Vocalizations and Behaviour in Rats by : Candace J. Burke
Download or read book Unleashing the Potential of Studying the Correlations Between Ultrasonic Vocalizations and Behaviour in Rats written by Candace J. Burke and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores how rats use various categories of ultrasonic vocalizations in social contexts. In the first study male juvenile rats were socially isolated and trained to anticipate play with a conspecific. During the anticipatory period the rats emitted a high frequency of 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations. Further, the 50-kHz vocalizations emitted were tightly linked to active behaviours while the rats anticipated conspecifics. The next two studies focused on social interaction between devocalized and vocal animals paired with intact animals in both juveniles and adults. These studies demonstrated a close linkage between active social behaviours and specific categories of vocalizations at both ages. Among juveniles trills seem important for soliciting playful interactions and in adulthood, flat type calls appear to be especially critical for preventing playful interactions from escalating to serious fighting. Thus, different categories of calls may have different communicatory functions. These novel findings provide new insights into the social interactions of rats, which may be applied to developing more sensitive rodent models for studying depression, autism and other pathologies that affect social behaviour.
Book Synopsis Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse: Volume 1, Genetics of Behavioral Phenotypes by : Wim E. Crusio
Download or read book Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse: Volume 1, Genetics of Behavioral Phenotypes written by Wim E. Crusio and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume in the new Cambridge Handbooks in Behavioral Genetics series, Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse provides baseline information on normal behaviors, essential in both the design of experiments using genetically modified or pharmacologically treated animals and in the interpretation and analyses of the results obtained. The book offers a comprehensive overview of the genetics of naturally occurring variation in mouse behavior, from perception and spontaneous behaviors such as exploration, aggression, social interactions and motor behaviors, to reinforced behaviors such as the different types of learning. Also included are numerous examples of potential experimental problems, which will aid and guide researchers trying to troubleshoot their own studies. A lasting reference, the thorough and comprehensive reviews offer an easy entrance into the extensive literature in this field, and will prove invaluable to students and specialists alike.
Book Synopsis Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education by :
Download or read book Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Animals in Our Midst: The Challenges of Co-existing with Animals in the Anthropocene by : Bernice Bovenkerk
Download or read book Animals in Our Midst: The Challenges of Co-existing with Animals in the Anthropocene written by Bernice Bovenkerk and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book brings together authoritative voices in animal and environmental ethics, who address the many different facets of changing human-animal relationships in the Anthropocene. As we are living in complex times, the issue of how to establish meaningful relationships with other animals under Anthropocene conditions needs to be approached from a multitude of angles. This book offers the reader insight into the different discussions that exist around the topics of how we should understand animal agency, how we could take animal agency seriously in farms, urban areas and the wild, and what technologies are appropriate and morally desirable to use regarding animals. This book is of interest to both animal studies scholars and environmental ethics scholars, as well as to practitioners working with animals, such as wildlife managers, zookeepers, and conservation biologists.
