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Recent Developments In Oxygen Minimum Zones Biogeochemistry
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Book Synopsis Recent Developments in Oxygen Minimum Zones Biogeochemistry by : Sudheesh Valliyodan
Download or read book Recent Developments in Oxygen Minimum Zones Biogeochemistry written by Sudheesh Valliyodan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-18 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biogeochemical and Physical Controls Governing Nitrogen Loss Within Oxygen Minimum Zones by : Daniel Edward McCoy
Download or read book Biogeochemical and Physical Controls Governing Nitrogen Loss Within Oxygen Minimum Zones written by Daniel Edward McCoy and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contrast to other biogeochemical tracers, nitrogen in the ocean exists in a myriad of chemical forms, each with its own distinct properties and reactivity. These diverse chemical forms of nitrogen, including organic and inorganic compounds, are collectively involved in a unique and dynamic microbially-mediated cycle which is tightly intertwined with the overall functioning of marine ecosystems and has significant implications for the global cycles of carbon, phosphorous, and oxygen. While nitrogen is predominantly cycled between bioavailable forms in the ocean, additional anaerobic metabolic pathways emerge when the concentration of dissolved oxygen drops to suboxic or anoxic levels within the ocean's oxygen-minimum-zones (OMZs). These pathways produce gaseous dinitrogen (N2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse agent and contributor to ozone depletion, which together lead to a loss of bioavailable nitrogen from the oceans to the atmosphere. This dissertation provides a comprehensive analysis of these microbial pathways in OMZs, and further explores their sensitivity to both physical and biogeochemical variability. In Chapter 2, we describe the development of a general algorithm used to expand the observational record of a special class of subsurface, predominantly anticyclonic oceanic eddies known as submesoscale coherent vortices (SCVs). These eddies have been shown to play an oversized role in propagating water masses in the intermediate and deeper parts of the ocean, and were recently identified as hot-spots of N2 and N2O production. By applying the algorithm to the global Argo float array, we detect nearly 4000 new global observations of these eddies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that their formation takes place in regional hot-spots, allowing us to quantify their contributions to local heat and salt anomalies due to their formation and propagation. In Chapter 3, we incorporate a new model of the oceanic nitrogen cycle into an eddy-resolving 3D regional ocean model of the Eastern Tropical South Pacific, an upwelling region and hot-spot of nitrogen loss and N2O outgassing. The model accurately simulates both aerobic and anaerobic transformations responsible for N2 and N2O production, and provides a realistic representation of the large scale physical circulation. By decomposing the N2O tracer in the 3D model, we are able to attribute contributions from local biogeochemical sources and sinks, explore the role of the physical circulation in supplying N2O to the region, and ultimately quantify the drivers of N2O outgassing to the atmosphere. Finally, Chapter 4 builds upon the findings of Chapter 3. Specifically, we deploy a higher resolution version of the 3D model to explore how mesoscale-driven heterogeneity governs the production of N2 and N2O in the Eastern Tropical South Pacific. By filtering biogeochemical tracer fields into ``mean'' and ``eddy'' components (e.g., fields governed by low/high frequency and large/small spatial scales, respectively), we demonstrate that oxygen variability induced by ephemeral eddies and filaments stimulates nitrogen loss to the atmosphere, but by preferential producing N2 at the expense of N2O consumption. These findings reveal that the mesoscale circulation plays a critical role in regulating N2O production, and further implies that coarse-grained biogeochemical models may overestimate the fluxes to the atmosphere from these regions.
Book Synopsis Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research by : Carol Arnosti
Download or read book Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research written by Carol Arnosti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of the Critical Zone by : Adam S. Wymore
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of the Critical Zone written by Adam S. Wymore and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-16 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights recent advances in the discipline of biogeochemistry that have directly resulted from the development of critical zone (CZ) science. The earth's critical zone (CZ) is defined from the weathering front and lowest extent of freely circulating groundwater up through the regolith and to the top of the vegetative canopy. The structure and function of the CZ is shaped through tectonic, lithologic, hydrologic, climatic, and biological processes and is the result of processes occurring at multiple time scales from eons to seconds. The CZ is an open system in which energy and matter are both transported and transformed. Critical zone science provides a novel and unifying framework to consider those coupled interactions that control biogeochemical cycles and fluxes of energy and matter that are critical to sustaining a habitable planet. Biogeochemical processes are at the heart of energy and matter fluxes through ecosystems and watersheds. They control the quantity and quality of carbon and nutrients available for living organisms, control the retention and export of nutrients affecting water quality and soil fertility, and influence the ability for ecosystems to sequester carbon. As the term implies, biogeochemical cycles, and the rates at which they occur, result from the interaction of biological, chemical, and physical processes. However, finding a unifying framework by which to study these interactions is challenging, and the different components of bio-geo-chemistry are often studied in isolation. The authors provide both reviews and original research contributions with the requirement that the chapters incorporate a CZ framework to test biogeochemical theory and/or develop new and robust predictive models regarding elemental cycles. The book demonstrates how the CZ framework provides novel insights into biogeochemistry.
Book Synopsis Effects of Climate Change and Perturbation in Biogeochemical Cycles on Oxygen Distribution and Ocean Acidification by : Teresa Marie Beaty-Sykes
Download or read book Effects of Climate Change and Perturbation in Biogeochemical Cycles on Oxygen Distribution and Ocean Acidification written by Teresa Marie Beaty-Sykes and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the ocean is an important component of the marine biogeochemical cycles. In this study a global oceanic carbon cycle model (HAMOCC 2.0) was used to address how oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) respond to changes due to CO2 radiative forcing. Atmospheric pCO2 was increased at a rate of 1% annually and the model is stabilized at 2 X, 4 X, 6 X, and 8 X preindustrial pCO2 levels. With an increase in CO2 radiative forcing, the OMZ in the Pacific Ocean was controlled largely by changes in particulate organic carbon (POC) export. In contrast, the vertical expansion of the OMZs within the Atlantic and Indian Oceans were the result of changes to oxygen solubility. Changes in oxygen solubility also lead to the formation of a new OMZ in the western sub-tropical Pacific Ocean. The response of the pH value to a total carbon emission of 4480 PgC or 8 times preindustrial pCO2 was found to be comparable to the ocean acidification at the PETM (56 Ma). The HAMOCC 2.0 simulations indicate a significant relationship between the pH value and the DO concentration at intermediate depth. This can lead to stress for the marine ecosystem by further decreasing pH due to respiratory processes. Improved parameterization may enhance the predictability of regions with low DO concentrations and pH value. A 50% increase in atmospheric dust deposition did not significantly alter the regions of Fe limitation of export production and hence did not resulted in significant changes in DO in the twilight zone and at intermediate depth. However, a 50% reduction in dust deposition significantly expanded the regions of Fe-limited export production thereby reducing the vertical particle flux of POC and the extent of the OMZs. This counteracted the OMZ expansion due to the increased CO2 radiative forcing.
Book Synopsis Biogeochemical Processes of Biogenic Elements in China Marginal Seas by : Jinming Song
Download or read book Biogeochemical Processes of Biogenic Elements in China Marginal Seas written by Jinming Song and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-03 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biogeochemical Processes of Biogenic Elements in China Marginal Seas" is the first monograph dedicated to this topic. The book mainly presents the latest research achievements of China's national research projects about the biogenic element cycling processes in China marginal seas starting in 1999. By describing the biogeochemical processes of China marginal seas, including the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, and the South China Sea, it covers almost all kinds of typical ecosystems' regional responses to global oceanic changes of the estuarine ecosystem, the continental shelf ecosystem, the upwelling ecosystem, the coral reef ecosystem, and the mangrove ecosystem. It will be of great interest to scientists and researchers in marine science. Dr. Jinming Song is a professor at Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter by : Dennis A. Hansell
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of molecules found throughout the world's oceans. It plays a key role in the export, distribution, and sequestration of carbon in the oceanic water column, posited to be a source of atmospheric climate regulation. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, focuses on the chemical constituents of DOM and its biogeochemical, biological, and ecological significance in the global ocean, and provides a single, unique source for the references, information, and informed judgments of the community of marine biogeochemists. Presented by some of the world's leading scientists, this revised edition reports on the major advances in this area and includes new chapters covering the role of DOM in ancient ocean carbon cycles, the long term stability of marine DOM, the biophysical dynamics of DOM, fluvial DOM qualities and fate, and the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, is an extremely useful resource that helps people interested in the largest pool of active carbon on the planet (DOC) get a firm grounding on the general paradigms and many of the relevant references on this topic. Features up-to-date knowledge of DOM, including five new chapters The only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea Includes chapters that address inputs from freshwater terrestrial DOM
Book Synopsis Indian Ocean Biogeochemical Processes and Ecological Variability by : Jerry D. Wiggert
Download or read book Indian Ocean Biogeochemical Processes and Ecological Variability written by Jerry D. Wiggert and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 1037 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 185. Indian Ocean Biogeochemical Processes and Ecological Variability provides a synthesis of current knowledge on Indian Ocean biogeochemistry and ecology and an introduction to new concepts and topical paradigm challenges. It also reports on the development of more extensive/frequent observational capacity being deployed in the Indian Ocean. This represents the first collection of syntheses that emphasize a basin-wide perspective, and the contributing authors include some of the most esteemed oceanographers and Indian Ocean experts in the world. The volume is derived from invited plenary talks that were presented at the initial Sustained Indian Ocean Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research (SIBER) workshop held at the National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) in Goa, India, in October 2006. The volume discusses The overlying physical processes set by monsoonal forcing and how these control biological production and variability Nutrient cycling and limitation Pelagic carbon cycling and air-sea exchange Benthic biogeochemistry and ecology The impact of climate and human activities on biogeochemistry and ecosystems. The readership for this book will consist of academic and governmental researchers interested in exploring how oceanographic, atmospheric, and hydrological processes combine to establish the environmental setting that supports and drives the pelagic system and which are especially relevant to understanding the complex biogeochemical and ecological interactions in the Indian Ocean.
Book Synopsis Polar Microbiology: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives by : Pabulo H. Rampelotto
Download or read book Polar Microbiology: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives written by Pabulo H. Rampelotto and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-10-01 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Polar Microbiology: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives" that was published in Biology
Book Synopsis Past Reconstruction of the Physical and Biogeochemical Ocean State by : Simona Masina
Download or read book Past Reconstruction of the Physical and Biogeochemical Ocean State written by Simona Masina and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-08-04 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Marine Systems by : Kenneth D. Black
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Systems written by Kenneth D. Black and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine systems vary in their sensitivities to perturbation. Perturbation may be insidious - such as increasing eutrophication of coastal areas - or it may be dramatic - such as a response to an oil spill or some other accident. Climate change may occur incrementally or it may be abrupt, and ecosystem resilience is likely to be a complex function of the interactions of the factors and species mediating key biogeochemical processes. Biogeochemistry of Marine Systems considers issues of marine system resilience, focusing on a range of marine systems that exemplify major global province types. Each system is interesting in its own right, on account of its sensitivity to natural or anthropogenic change or its importance as an ecological service provider. Each contributing author concentrates on advances of the last decade. This prime reference source for marine biogeochemists, marine ecologists, and global systems scientists provides a strong foundation for the study of the multiple marine systems undergoing change because of natural biochemical or anthropogenic factors.
Book Synopsis Systems Biogeochemistry of Major Marine Biomes by : Aninda Mazumdar
Download or read book Systems Biogeochemistry of Major Marine Biomes written by Aninda Mazumdar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-04-01 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems Biogeochemistry of Major Marine Biomes A comprehensive system-level discussion of the geomicrobiology of the Earth’s oceans In Systems Biogeochemistry of Major Marine Biomes, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a systemic overview of biogeochemistry across a number of major physiographies of the global ocean: the waters and sediments overlying continental margins; the deep sub-surfaces; the Arctic and Antarctic oceans; and the physicochemical extremes such as the hypersaline and sulfidic marine zones, cold methane seeps and hydrothermal ecosystems. The book explores state-of-the-art advances in marine geomicrobiology and investigates the drivers of biogeochemical processes. It highlights the imperatives of the unique, fringe, and cryptic processes while studying the geological manifestations and ecological feedbacks of in situ microbial metabolisms. Taking a holistic approach toward the understanding of marine biogeochemical provinces, this book emphasizes the centrality of culture-dependent and culture-independent (meta-omics-based) microbiological information within a systems biogeochemistry framework. Perfect for researchers and scientists in the fields of geochemistry, geophysics, geomicrobiology, oceanography, and marine science, Systems Biogeochemistry of Major Marine Biomes will also earn a place in the libraries of policymakers and advanced graduate students seeking a one-stop reference on marine biogeochemistry.
Book Synopsis Development of a Coupled C-N-P-O-S Model of Marine Biogeochemistry for Paleoceanographic Applications by : Stephen Justin Romaniello
Download or read book Development of a Coupled C-N-P-O-S Model of Marine Biogeochemistry for Paleoceanographic Applications written by Stephen Justin Romaniello and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Women in Biogeochemical Dynamics Research: 2022 by : Claudia Cosio
Download or read book Women in Biogeochemical Dynamics Research: 2022 written by Claudia Cosio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-04-30 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present, less than 30% of researchers worldwide are women. Long-standing biases and gender stereotypes are discouraging girls and women away from science-related fields, and STEM research in particular. Science and gender equality are, however, essential to ensure sustainable development as highlighted by UNESCO. In order to change traditional mindsets, gender equality must be promoted, stereotypes defeated, and girls and women should be encouraged to pursue STEM careers.
Book Synopsis Ocean Biogeochemistry by : Michael J.R. Fasham
Download or read book Ocean Biogeochemistry written by Michael J.R. Fasham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceans account for 50% of the anthropogenic CO2 released into the atmosphere. During the past 15 years an international programme, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), has been studying the ocean carbon cycle to quantify and model the biological and physical processes whereby CO2 is pumped from the ocean's surface to the depths of the ocean, where it can remain for hundreds of years. This project is one of the largest multi-disciplinary studies of the oceans ever carried out and this book synthesises the results. It covers all aspects of the topic ranging from air-sea exchange with CO2, the role of physical mixing, the uptake of CO2 by marine algae, the fluxes of carbon and nitrogen through the marine food chain to the subsequent export of carbon to the depths of the ocean. Special emphasis is laid on predicting future climatic change.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 4318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface, and are critical components of Earth’s climate system. This new edition of Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Six Volume Set summarizes the breadth of knowledge about them, providing revised, up to date entries as well coverage of new topics in the field. New and expanded sections include microbial ecology, high latitude systems and the cryosphere, climate and climate change, hydrothermal and cold seep systems. The structure of the work provides a modern presentation of the field, reflecting the input and different perspective of chemical, physical and biological oceanography, the specialized area of expertise of each of the three Editors-in-Chief. In this framework maximum attention has been devoted to making this an organic and unified reference. Represents a one-stop. organic information resource on the breadth of ocean science research Reflects the input and different perspective of chemical, physical and biological oceanography, the specialized area of expertise of each of the three Editors-in-Chief New and expanded sections include microbial ecology, high latitude systems and climate change Provides scientifically reliable information at a foundational level, making this work a resource for students as well as active researches
Book Synopsis Marine Microbiome and Biogeochemical Cycles in Marine Productive Areas by : Alejandro A. Murillo
Download or read book Marine Microbiome and Biogeochemical Cycles in Marine Productive Areas written by Alejandro A. Murillo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-16 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
