Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Reaching Poor Areas In A Federal System full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Reaching Poor Areas In A Federal System ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Martin Ravallion
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Reaching Poor Areas in a Federal System written by Martin Ravallion and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Martin Ravallion
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Reaching Poor Areas in a Federal System written by Martin Ravallion and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aid allocation to a province in a federal system should depend not only on how poor the province is but on how successfully it discriminates in favor of poor areas in public spending. In Argentina, stronger incentives are needed. Ravallion studies how well a federal antipoverty program reaches poor areas, taking the reactions of lower levels of government into account. He studies performance in reaching poor areas before and after World Bank-sponsored reforms in Argentina's antipoverty program. Program resources were substantially reallocated across provinces when Argentina's Trabajar 1 program was replaced by Trabajar 2, with increased spending and greater targeting to poor areas.Overall, performance in reaching poor areas (regardless of province) improved nationally. About a third of the gain in the program's ability to reach poor areas was attributed to the program`s greater ability to reach poor provinces. The rest was attributed to better targeting of poor areas within provinces. The provinces differed greatly in ability to reach poor areas. History mattered. Differences in performance after reform partly reflected differences under the old program. Controlling for those factors, however, poorer provinces were less successful in targeting their poor areas.A higher provincial poverty rate attracted more central spending, which tended to result in more pro-poor spending within provinces. But even with greater central spending on poor provinces, poorer provinces were less successful at discriminating in favor of their poor areas. Decentralization generated substantial horizontal inequality in public spending on poor areas. The center clearly needs to give provincial governments stronger incentives to target the poor. Allocations to a province should depend not only on how poor the province is but on how successfully it discriminates in favor of poor areas. The results of this study suggest that stronger incentives are needed.This paper - a product of Poverty and Human Resources, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to help assess the performance of the Bank's antipoverty projects. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Policies for Poor Areas (RPO 678-69).
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author : Alan Weil
Publisher : The Urban Insitute
ISBN 13 : 9780877667162
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (671 download)
Download or read book Federalism and Health Policy written by Alan Weil and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2003 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The balance between state and federal health care financing for low-income people has been a matter of considerable debate for the last 40 years. Some argue for a greater federal role, others for more devolution of responsibility to the states. Medicaid, the backbone of the system, has been plagued by an array of problems that have made it unpopular and difficult to use to extend health care coverage. In recent years, waivers have given the states the flexibility to change many features of their Medicaid programs; moreover, the states have considerable flexibility to in establishing State Children's Health Insurance Programs. This book examines the record on the changing health safety net. How well have states done in providing acute and long-term care services to low-income populations? How have they responded to financial incentives and federal regulatory requirements? How innovative have they been? Contributing authors include Donald J. Boyd, Randall R. Bovbjerg, Teresa A. Coughlin, Ian Hill, Michael Housman, Robert E. Hurley, Marilyn Moon, Mary Beth Pohl, Jane Tilly, and Stephen Zuckerman.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309483980
Total Pages : 619 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-09-16 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.
Author : David Erickson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Enduring Challenge of Concentrated Poverty in America written by David Erickson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report--a joint effort of the Federal Reserve's Community Affairs function and the Brookings Institution's Metropolitan Policy Program--examines the issue of concentrated poverty and profiles 16 high-poverty communities from across the country, including immigrant gateway, Native American, urban, and rural communities. Through these case studies, the report contributes to our understanding of the dynamics of poor people living in poor communities, and the policies that will be needed to bring both into the economic mainstream. It is not the intention of this publication to explain poverty causation. Instead, the goal is to add texture to our understanding of where and how concentrated poverty exists, by studying new areas and by interviewing local stakeholders, including residents, community leaders, and government representatives, to understand how concentrated poverty affects both individuals and communities. The report begins with "Concentrated Poverty in America: An Overview" (Alan Berube) and "Introduction to the Case Studies" (Carolina Reid). It then presents the following 16 case studies: (1) Fresno, California: the West Fresno neighborhood (Naomi Cytron); (2) Cleveland, Ohio: the Central neighborhood (Lisa Nelson); (3) Miami, Florida: the Little Haiti neighborhood (Ana Cruz-Taura and Jessica LeVeen Farr); (4) Martin County, Kentucky (Jeff Gatica); (5) Blackfeet Reservation, Montana (Sandy Gerber, Michael Grover, and Sue Woodrow); (6) Greenville, North Carolina: the West Greenville neighborhood (Carl Neel); (7) Atlantic City, New Jersey: the Bungalow Park/Marina District area (Harriet Newburger, John Wackes, Keith Rolland, and Anita Sands); (8) Austin, Texas: the East Austin neighborhood (Elizabeth Sobel); (9) McKinley County, New Mexico: Crownpoint (Steven Shepelwich and Roger Zalneraitis); (10) McDowell County, West Virginia (Courtney Anderson Mailey); (11) Albany, Georgia: the East Albany neighborhood (Jessica LeVeen Farr and Sibyl Slade); (12) El Paso, Texas: the Chamizal neighborhood (Roy Lopez); (13) Springfield, Massachusetts: Old Hill, Six Corners, and the South End neighborhoods (DeAnna Green); (14) Rochester, New York: the Northern Crescent neighborhoods (Alexandra Forter Sirota and Yazmin Osaki); (15) Holmes County, Mississippi (Ellen Eubank); and (16) Milwaukee, Wisconsin: the Northwest neighborhood (Jeremiah Boyle). Following these case studies is "Learning from Concentrated Poverty in America: A Synthesis of Themes from the Case Studies" (Alan Berube, David Erickson, and Carolina Reid). Appended to this report are: (A) References for Comparison Statistics Tables; (B) Literature Review: Federal Reserve System Poverty-Related Research; (C) References for Overview in Alphabetical Order (by First Author); and (D) Photo Credits. (Individual case studies contain tables, figures, and footnotes.).
Author : Paul C. Light
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815716370
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)
Download or read book Government's Greatest Achievements written by Paul C. Light and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an era of promises to create smaller, more limited government, Americans often forget that the federal government has amassed an extraordinary record of successes over the past half century. Despite seemingly insurmountable odds, it helped rebuild Europe after World War II, conquered polio and other life-threatening diseases, faced down communism, attacked racial discrimination, reduced poverty among the elderly, and put men on the moon. In Government's Greatest Achievements, Paul C. Light explores the federal government's most successful accomplishments over the previous five decades and anticipates the most significant challenges of the next half century. While some successes have come through major legislation such as the 1965 Medicare Act, or large-scale efforts like the Apollo space program, most have been achieved through collections of smaller, often unheralded statutes. Drawing on survey responses from 230 historians and 220 political scientists at colleges and universities nationwide, Light ranks and summarizes the fifty greatest government achievements from 1944 to 1999. The achievements were ranked based on difficulty, importance, and degree of success. Through a series of twenty vignettes, he paints a vivid picture of the most intense government efforts to improve the quality of life both at home and abroad—from enhancing health care and workplace safety, to expanding home ownership, to improving education, to protecting endangered species, to strengthening the national defense. The book also examines how Americans perceive government's greatest achievements, and reveals what they consider to be its most significant failures. America is now calling on the government to resolve another complex, difficult problem: the defeat of terrorism. Light concludes by discussing this enormous task, as well as government's other greatest priorities for the next fifty years.
Author : Jamila Michener
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108245323
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)
Download or read book Fragmented Democracy written by Jamila Michener and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-22 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicaid is the single largest public health insurer in the United States, covering upwards of 70 million Americans. Crucially, Medicaid is also an intergovernmental program that yokes poverty to federalism: the federal government determines its broad contours, while states have tremendous discretion over how Medicaid is designed and implemented. Where some locales are generous and open handed, others are tight-fisted and punitive. In Fragmented Democracy, Jamila Michener demonstrates the consequences of such disparities for democratic citizenship. Unpacking how federalism transforms Medicaid beneficiaries' interpretations of government and structures their participation in politics, the book examines American democracy from the vantage point(s) of those who are living in or near poverty, (disproportionately) Black or Latino, and reliant on a federated government for vital resources.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309477042
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Permanent Supportive Housing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-08-11 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic homelessness is a highly complex social problem of national importance. The problem has elicited a variety of societal and public policy responses over the years, concomitant with fluctuations in the economy and changes in the demographics of and attitudes toward poor and disenfranchised citizens. In recent decades, federal agencies, nonprofit organizations, and the philanthropic community have worked hard to develop and implement programs to solve the challenges of homelessness, and progress has been made. However, much more remains to be done. Importantly, the results of various efforts, and especially the efforts to reduce homelessness among veterans in recent years, have shown that the problem of homelessness can be successfully addressed. Although a number of programs have been developed to meet the needs of persons experiencing homelessness, this report focuses on one particular type of intervention: permanent supportive housing (PSH). Permanent Supportive Housing focuses on the impact of PSH on health care outcomes and its cost-effectiveness. The report also addresses policy and program barriers that affect the ability to bring the PSH and other housing models to scale to address housing and health care needs.
Author : Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309581907
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)
Download or read book The Future of Public Health written by Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Nation has lost sight of its public health goals and has allowed the system of public health to fall into 'disarray'," from The Future of Public Health. This startling book contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the topics of today, but also with those of tomorrow. In addition, the authors make recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances, and identify the level of government--federal, state, and local--at which these functions would best be handled.
Author : K. Subbarao
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Safety Net Programs and Poverty Reduction written by K. Subbarao and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for social safety nets has become a key component of poverty reduction strategies. Over the past three decades several developing countries have launched a variety of programs, including cash transfers, subsidies in-kind, public works, and income-generation programs. However, there is little guidance on appropriate program design, and few studies have synthesized the lessons from widely differing country experiences. This report fills that gap. It reviews the conceptual issues in the choice of programs, synthesizes cross-country experience, and analyzes how country- and region-specific constraints can explain why different approaches are successful in different countries.
Author : Scott W. Allard
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300152833
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Out of Reach written by Scott W. Allard and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in welfare programmes since 1996 have transformed the way America cares for its poor. For every dollar spent on cash welfare payments, 20 dollars are spent on service programmes targeted at the working poor. This text examines the system and the role that geography plays in the system's ability to offer help.
Author : Wolfgang Fengler
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Decentralization in Madagascar written by Wolfgang Fengler and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication examines the first 10 years of the implementation of decentralisation policies in Madagascar, which has seen a number of reversals and uncertainties. Although the country's economy remains highly centralised one, many positive lessons can be drawn from the country's experience. The study analyses local government finances and develops a methodology for measuring local financing needs (local fiscal gap methodology). It highlights the need for a number of structural reforms, including increasing transfers to rural communes so that per capita allocations would be the same across rural and urban communes, and assigning revenues to one level of government only, except for some very specific types of taxes.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Science, State, Justice, and Commerce, and Related Agencies
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2148 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Science, the Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2007 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Science, State, Justice, and Commerce, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 2148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Government Operations
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1120 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Creative Federalism written by United States. Congress. Senate. Government Operations and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations. Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1086 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Creative Federalism written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations. Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1086 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers. S. 3509, to establish National Intergovernmental Affairs Council to help coordinate Federal-state-local administration and funding of grants-in-aid social and economic programs. S.J. Res. 187, to establish Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations to study and report on Federal-state-local coordination and funding of social/economic programs.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 822 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book State of the Judiciary and Access to Justice written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 822 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
