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Rational Rules
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Download or read book Rational Rules written by Shaun Nichols and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rational Rules argues that moral learning can be understood in terms of general-purpose rational learning procedures. Nichols provides statistical learning accounts of some fundamental aspects of moral development, combining aspects of traditional empiricist and rationalist approaches.
Download or read book Rational Rules written by Shaun Nichols and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral systems, like normative systems more broadly, involve complex mental representations. Rational Rules proposes that moral learning can be understood in terms of general-purpose rational learning procedures. Nichols argues that statistical learning can help answer a wide range of questions about moral thought: Why do people think that rules apply to actions rather than consequences? Why do people expect new rules to be focused on actions rather than consequences? How do people come to believe a principle of liberty, according to which whatever is not expressly prohibited is permitted? How do people decide that some normative claims hold universally while others hold only relative to some group? The resulting account has both empiricist and rationalist features: since the learning procedures are domain-general, the result is an empiricist theory of a key part of moral development, and since the learning procedures are forms of rational inference, the account entails that crucial parts of our moral system enjoy rational credentials. Moral rules can also be rational in the sense that they can be effective for achieving our ends, given our ecological settings. Rational Rules argues that at least some central components of our moral systems are indeed ecologically rational: they are good at helping us attain common goals. Nichols argues that the account might be extended to capture moral motivation as a special case of a much more general phenomenon of normative motivation. On this view, a basic form of rule representation brings motivation along automatically, and so part of the explanation for why we follow moral rules is that we are built to follow rules quite generally.
Book Synopsis Rules and Institutions by : Nicholas Rowe
Download or read book Rules and Institutions written by Nicholas Rowe and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluates the development of social institutions in terms of individual commitment to rules of behavior
Download or read book The Moral Rules written by Bernard Gert and published by HarperCollins Publishers. This book was released on 1973 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Year of Living Biblically by : A. J. Jacobs
Download or read book The Year of Living Biblically written by A. J. Jacobs and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2008-09-09 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bestselling author of The Know-It-All takes on history's most influential book.
Book Synopsis Logic and Argumentation by : Andreas Herzig
Download or read book Logic and Argumentation written by Andreas Herzig and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-02 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Logic and Argumentation, CLAR 2023, held in Hangzhou, China, during September 10-12, 2023. The 11 full papers, one short paper and one invited paper presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 20 submissions. The papers focus on topics such as: logic and automated deduction; abstract and structured argumentation; dialogues, games and practical reasoning; and quantitative argumentation.
Book Synopsis Organizing & Organizations by : Stephen Fineman
Download or read book Organizing & Organizations written by Stephen Fineman and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2009-12-08 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is well loved by students and lecturers for its accessible, conversational tone and insightful real-life examples introducing the study of organizations and organizational behavior. Stephen Fineman, Yiannis Gabriel and David Sims, eminent academics in the field, cover a wealth of key concepts, research and literature leaving students informed and engaged. The Fourth Edition builds on the strengths of previous editions, to provide you with a textbook that continues to stand out from the rest.
Book Synopsis Freedom and Rationality by : F. D'Agostino
Download or read book Freedom and Rationality written by F. D'Agostino and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1989-08-31 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: x philosophy when he inaugurated a debate about the principle of methodologi cal individualism, a debate which continues to this day, and which has inspired a literature as great as any in contemporary philosophy. Few collections of material in the general area of philosophy of social science would be considered complete unless they contained at least one of Watkins's many contributions to the discussion of this issue. In 1957 Watkins published the flrst of a series of three papers (1957b, 1958d and 196Oa) in which he tried to codify and rehabilitate metaphysics within the Popperian philosophy, placing it somewhere between the analytic and the empirical. He thus signalled the emergence of an important implica tion of Popper's thought that had not to that point been stressed by Sir Karl himself, and which marked off his followers from the antimetaphysical ideas of the regnant logical positivists. In 1965 years of work in political philosophy and in the history of philosophy in the seventeenth century were brought to fruition in Watkins's widely cited and admired Hobbes's System of Ideas (1965a, second edition 1973d). This book is an important contribution not just to our understanding of Hobbes's political thinking, but, perhaps more importantly, to our understanding of the way in which a system of ideas is constituted and applied. Watkins built on earlier work in developing an account of Hobbes's ideas in which was revealed and clarifled the unity of Hobbes's metaphysical, epistemological and political ideas.
Download or read book Reason and Education written by H. Siegel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Israel Scheffler is the pre-eminent philosopher of education in the English-speaking world today. This volume collects seventeen original, invited papers on Scheffler's philosophy of education by scholars from around the world. The papers address the wide range of topics that Scheffler's work in philosophy of education has addressed, including the aims of education, cognition and emotion, teaching, the language of education, science education, moral education, religious education, and human potential. Each paper is followed by a response from Scheffler himself. The collection is essential reading for anyone concerned with contemporary scholarship in philosophy of education, or with the place of this singularly important author in it.
Book Synopsis Explaining the Reasons We Share by : Mark Schroeder
Download or read book Explaining the Reasons We Share written by Mark Schroeder and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-05-22 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Normative ethical theories generally purport to be explanatory—to tell us not just what is good, or what conduct is right, but why. Drawing on both historical and contemporary approaches, Mark Schroeder offers a distinctive picture of how such explanations must work, and of the specific commitments that they incur. According to Schroeder, explanatory moral theories can be perfectly general only if they are reductive, offering accounts of what it is for something to be good, right, or what someone ought to do. So ambitious, highly general normative ethical theorizing is continuous with metaethical inquiry. Moreover, he argues that such explanatory theories face a special challenge in accounting for reasons or obligations that are universally shared, and develops an autonomy-based strategy for meeting this challenge, in the case of requirements of rationality. Explaining the Reasons We Share pulls together over a decade of work by one of the leading figures in contemporary metaethics. One new and ten previously published papers weave together treatments of reasons, reduction, supervenience, instrumental rationality, and legislation, to paint a sharp contrast between two plausible but competing pictures of the nature and limits of moral explanation—one from Cudworth and one indebted to Kant. A substantive new introduction provides a map to reading these essays as a unified argument, and qualifies their conclusions in light of Schroeder's current views. Along with its sister volume, Expressing Our Attitudes, this volume advances the theme that metaethical inquiry is continuous with other areas of philosophy.
Book Synopsis Organizing and Organizations by : Stephen Fineman
Download or read book Organizing and Organizations written by Stephen Fineman and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2005-05-25 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised and updated edition conveys the lived experience of being and working in organisations, while at the same time introducing students to key concepts, research and literature in organisational analysis.
Book Synopsis The Motivated Mind by : Arie Professor Kruglanski
Download or read book The Motivated Mind written by Arie Professor Kruglanski and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts themselves present career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest pieces - extracts from books, key articles, salient research findings, and their major practical theoretical contributions. In this volume Arie Kruglanski reflects on the development throughout his distinguished career of his wide-ranging research covering radicalisation, human judgement and belief formation, group and intergroup processes, and motivated cognition. This collection offers an invaluable insight into the key works behind the formation of Kruglanski’s seminal theory of lay epistemics, as well as his important input into a diverse range of fields of social psychology. A specially written introduction gives an intimate overview of this career, and contextualises the selection in relation to changes in the field during this time. With continuing relevance today, and of vast historical importance, this collection is essential reading for anyone with an interest in goals, belief formation, group processes, and social psychology in general.
Book Synopsis Intelligent Information and Database Systems by : Jeng-Shyang Pan
Download or read book Intelligent Information and Database Systems written by Jeng-Shyang Pan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three-volume set LNAI 7196, LNAI 7197 and LNAI 7198 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th Asian Conference on Intelligent Information and Database Systems, ACIIDS 2012, held in Kaohsiung, Taiwan in March 2012. The 161 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 472 submissions. The papers included cover the following topics: intelligent database systems, data warehouses and data mining, natural language processing and computational linguistics, semantic Web, social networks and recommendation systems, collaborative systems and applications, e-bussiness and e-commerce systems, e-learning systems, information modeling and requirements engineering, information retrieval systems, intelligent agents and multi-agent systems, intelligent information systems, intelligent internet systems, intelligent optimization techniques, object-relational DBMS, ontologies and knowledge sharing, semi-structured and XML database systems, unified modeling language and unified processes, Web services and semantic Web, computer networks and communication systems.
Book Synopsis Reason's Neglect by : Barbara Townley
Download or read book Reason's Neglect written by Barbara Townley and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-07-24 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reason, and the need to Be Rational, are essential dimensions of society and the organizations we live and work in. Yet the 'rationalization' of working and administrative processes, or the 'rationality' studied in social sciences, is all too often, used, understood, and interpreted in an extremely narrow sense. Reason's Neglect does three things. Firstly, it argues that rationality is a leitmotif of organization studies, but one that has often been neglected. Secondly, it deploys Foucault's work to recover the neglected dimensions of rationality. In doing this, it allows for a revisionary exploration of key subjects in organization studies: organization theory, bureaucracy, technology, culture, practice, etc. Finally, the book presents the case of new rational management techniques being introduced in an organization, allowing individuals to 'speak for themselves', and examining how they respond to these innovations, and how they make sense of them. Arguing that rationality should be seen as disembedded, embedded, or embodied, each chapter goes on to explore a different aspect of reason, such as economic, bureaucratic, technocratic, institutional, or contextual. Clearly written and structured, yet an engaged and challenging approach to the study of organizations in society, Reason's Neglect is an iconoclastic book.
Book Synopsis Approaches to Intelligent Agents by : Hideyuki Nakashima
Download or read book Approaches to Intelligent Agents written by Hideyuki Nakashima and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-07-31 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligent agents will be the necessity of the coming century. Software agents will pilot us through the vast sea of information, by communicating with other agents. A group of cooperating agents may accomplish a task which cannot be done by any subset of them. This volume consists of selected papers from PRIMA’99, the second Paci c Rim InternationalWorkshop on Multi-Agents, held in Kyoto,Japan, on Dec- ber 2-3, 1999. PRIMA constitutes a series of workshops on autonomous agents and mul- agent systems, integrating the activities in Asia and the Pacic rim countries, such as MACC (Multiagent Systems and Cooperative Computation) in Japan, and the Australian Workshop on Distributed Arti cial Intelligence. The r st workshop, PRIMA’98, was held in conjunction with PRICAI’98, in Singapore. The aim of this workshop is to encourage activities in this e ld, and to bring togetherresearchersfromAsiaandPacic rimworkingonagentsandmultiagent issues. Unlike usual conferences, this workshop mainly discusses and explores scienti c and practical problems as raised by the participants. Participation is thus limited to professionals who have made a signi cant contribution to the topics of the workshop. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: - multi-agent systems and their applications - agent architecture and its applications - languages for describing (multi-)agent systems - standard (multi-)agent problems - challenging research issues in (multi-)agent systems - communication and dialogues - multi-agent learning - other issues on (multi-)agent systems We received 43 submissions to this workshop from more than 10 countries.
Book Synopsis Secessionist Rule by : Franziska Smolnik
Download or read book Secessionist Rule written by Franziska Smolnik and published by Campus Verlag. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Franziska Smolniks Untersuchung stützt sich auf die südkaukasischen international nicht beziehungsweise nur zum Teil anerkannten De-facto-Staaten, die sich weiterhin im Konflikt mit ihren einstigen Metropolstaaten befinden. Sie zeigt, wie auch sogenannte Gewaltkonflikte niedriger Intensität die Form und Funktion von politischer Herrschaft entscheidend prägen können.
Book Synopsis Organizational Influence Processes by : Robert W. Allen
Download or read book Organizational Influence Processes written by Robert W. Allen and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 2003-02-07 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than two-thirds fresh material, this new updated edition of Organizational Influence Processes provides an overview of the most important scholarly work on topics related to the exercise of influence by individuals and groups within organizations. In selecting articles for inclusion the editors were guided by the conviction that the most useful and interesting way to view organizational influence is to take a directional approach - that is, to consider the process from the perspective of downward, lateral, and upward influence. They have organized the readings around this framework, preceded by an introductory group of articles dealing more generally with the nature of influence processes and power. The book includes both classic readings and the latest cutting edge research from some of the most respected experts writing in the field. It will be equally useful for any upper level undergraduate or graduate course concerned with organizational behavior, group behavior, leadership or power and politics.
