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Ranking Resource And Exchange
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Book Synopsis Ranking, Resource and Exchange by : Colin Renfrew
Download or read book Ranking, Resource and Exchange written by Colin Renfrew and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1982-09-02 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ranked societies are characterized by disparities in personal status that are often accompanied by the concentration of power and authority in the hands of a few dominant individuals. They stand between the sophistication of developed, states and the relative simplicity of most hunter-gatherer groups and early agriculturalists. In some places and times they represented relatively brief phases of transition to more complex forms of organization; in others they existed as stable forms of adaptation for thousands of years. They are thus of great interest for archaeologists seeking to understand the dynamics of cultural evolution.
Book Synopsis Ranking, Resource and Exchange by : Colin Renfrew
Download or read book Ranking, Resource and Exchange written by Colin Renfrew and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ranked societies are characterized by disparities in personal status that are often accompanied by the concentration of power and authority in the hands of a few dominant individuals. They stand between the sophistication of developed, states and the relative simplicity of most hunter-gatherer groups and early agriculturalists. In some places and times they represented relatively brief phases of transition to more complex forms of organization; in others they existed as stable forms of adaptation for thousands of years. They are thus of great interest for archaeologists seeking to understand the dynamics of cultural evolution.
Book Synopsis Marxist Perspectives in Archaeology by : Matthew Spriggs
Download or read book Marxist Perspectives in Archaeology written by Matthew Spriggs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1984-02-23 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marxist theory has been an undercurrent in western social science since the late nineteenth century. It came into prominence in the social sciences in the 1960s and 1970s and has had a profound effect on history, sociology and anthropology. This book represents an attempt to gather together Marxist perspectives in archaeology and to examine whether indeed they represent advances in archaeological theory. The papers in this volume look forward to the growing use of Marxist theory by archaeologists; as well as enriching archaeology as a discipline they have important implications for sociology and anthropology through the addition of a long-term, historical perspective. This is a book primarily for undergraduates and research students and their teachers in departments of archaeology and anthropology but it should also be of interest to historians, sociologists and geographers.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Social Resource Theory by : Kjell Törnblom
Download or read book Handbook of Social Resource Theory written by Kjell Törnblom and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-06 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our lives as human beings are characterized by production and use of social resources, material (e.g., money and physical possessions) as well as immaterial (such as love, knowledge, and power). Distribution and exchange of these resources are central to individuals’ physical and mental health and quality of life. Over the past four decades, Social Resource Theory (SRT) has evolved to build vital links between social psychology and public policy, providing a valuable lens for understanding and addressing social class, inequality, and injustice. The recent conceptual and theoretical developments and future prospects of this robust field are on full display in this Handbook of Social Resource Theory. An international, interdisciplinary panel of experts expands on the pioneering work of the late Dr. Uriel Foa and his wife Edna Foa, starting with the basic structure of SRT. The Handbook includes integrations of SRT with other social scientific frameworks, analyses of organizational and cultural issues, reports of empirical research using various methods, as well as applications to different areas including: Social justice Quality of life Interpersonal relationships Social dilemmas Stress management Work satisfaction Cognitive development Consumer behavior Cross-cultural behavior Covering human social transactions from the interpersonal to the intercultural levels, the Handbook of Social Resource Theory extends this relevant line of study to enhance the work of social psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, political scientists, and public policy makers. “The Handbook presents the basic tenets of the social resource theory originated from the late Uriel Foa and provides an authoritative agenda for the future developments of this theory. Kjell Törnblom and Ali Kazemi have made an excellent job in gathering a global group of contributing scholars representing an outstanding mix of respected and long-standing researchers in social psychology, sociology, psychology, management, economics and marketing, political science, history, and applied ethics/philosophy. This Handbook is an ideal resource for researchers, instructors, and graduate students in all these fields with an interest in social resource theory.” Edna B. Foa Professor of Clinical Psychology, University of Pennsylvania “Uriel Foa (1916-1990) developed social resource theory in the 1960s. In the next half century this theory has generated an enormous amount of new data and theory in social, cross-cultural, and educational psychology, as well as in related disciplines. It has inspired work on interpersonal relationships, attributions, the understanding of status, morality, distributive justice, procedural justice, social dilemmas, interpersonal evaluation, biosocial theory, and action construal. Applications in both organizational and educational settings and in marketing studies indicate the theory’s relevance for the “real world.” This volume edited by Kjell Törnblom and Ali Kazemi is the wonderful Festschrift that Foa did not have, because he died when he was too young by contemporary life expectancy standards. It includes chapters by many of the stars of the fields that social resource theory has influenced.” Harry C. Triandis Professor Emeritus, University of Illinois “Forty years ago Edna and Uriel Foa began to spell out the unwritten social rules by which we trade – on a daily basis – friendship, information, respect, gifts, favors and other rewards and punishments. Sociologists, psychologists, economists, and others owe the editors a tremendous debt of gratitude for reminding us of the eloquence and indispensability of the original work on social resource theory and for bringing together a distinguished roster of scholars and scientists to reflect on the theory and to exercise it in the service of addressing an astonishing number and variety of important social and organizational problems.” John T. Jost Professor of Psychology and Politics, New York University “What material and symbolic goods count as resources? How do resources relate to power? How can the exchange and distribution of resources be understood in both interpersonal and societal terms? In this outstanding volume, Törnblom and Kazemi bring together a constellation of experts from a variety of disciplines to address questions such as these. Taking as their basis the classic statement by Uriel and Edna Foa of the resource theory of social exchange, the Handbook moves through theoretical to practical analyses and presents both laboratory and field research conducted in a number of different countries. The book makes an excellent contribution to our understanding of social exchange theory in particular and of social relationships in general. The collection is both impressive and important.” Faye J Crosby Professor of Psychology, University of California Santa Cruz “A tour de force, this comprehensive volume presents cutting edge insights inspired by Foa and Foa’s social resource theory. Törnblom and Kazemi have brought together a stellar cast to address ageless questions about the cornerstones of social life and provide generative roadmaps for future theorizing and research. This volume is a rich resource for scholars as well as students and educated readers who want to know more about the complexities of social life.” Linda J. Skitka Professor of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago
Book Synopsis Resources, Power, and Interregional Interaction by : Edward M. Schortman
Download or read book Resources, Power, and Interregional Interaction written by Edward M. Schortman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archaeological research on interregional interaction processes has recently reasserted itself after a long hiatus following the eclipse of diffusion studies. This "rebirth" was marked not only by a sudden increase in publications that were focused on interac tion questions, but also by a diversity of perspectives on past contacts. To perdurable interests in warfare were added trade studies by the late 196Os. These viewpoints, in turn, were rapidly joined in the late 1970s by a wide range of intellectual schemes stimulated by developments in French Marxism (referred to in various ways; termed political ideology here) and sociology (Immanuel Wallerstein's world-systems model). Researchers ascribing to the aforementioned intellectual frameworks were united in their dissatisfaction with attempts to explain sociopolitical change that treated in dividual cultures or societies as isolated entities. Only by reconstructing the complex intersocietal networks in which polities were integrated-the natures of these ties, who mediated the connections, and the political, economic, and ideological significance of the goods and ideas that moved along them-could adequate ex planations of sociopolitical shifts be formulated. Archaeologists seemed to be re discovering in the late twentieth century the importance of interregional contacts in processes of sociopolitical change. The diversity of perspectives that resulted seemed to be symptomatic of both an uncertainty of how best to approach this topic and the importance archaeologists attributed to it.
Book Synopsis Foundations of Social Inequality by : T. Douglas Price
Download or read book Foundations of Social Inequality written by T. Douglas Price and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this authoritative volume, leading researchers offer diverse theoretical perspectives and a wide-range of information on the beginnings and nature of social inequality in past human societies. Their illuminating work investigates the role of status differentiation in traditional archaeological debates and major societal transitions. This volume features numerous case studies from the Old and New World spanning foraging societies to agricultural groups and complex states. Diachronic in view and archaeological in focus, this book will be of significant interest to archaeologists, anthropologists, and students.
Book Synopsis Ranking Correctional Punishments by : David C. May
Download or read book Ranking Correctional Punishments written by David C. May and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, May and Wood draw on a number of studies they have conducted with convicted offenders (both in prison and supervised in the community), criminal justice practitioners, and the public in the past decade to provide new insight regarding the continuum of corrections proposed by Morris and Tonry in their 1990 classic work Between Prison and Probation. May and Wood's findings call into question the idea of a continuum with prison on one end and regular probation on the other and discuss the implications of these findings for both sentencing and community supervision strategies. "Ranking Correctional Punishments is a unique volume in that it not only questions conventional understandings and definitions of what constitutes punishment and severity of punishment, but it responds to those questions with answers from those to whom punishment truly matters--offenders themselves, criminal justice system actors, and the public. This is an exceptional book that offers a wealth of information. Students, scholars, practitioners, and anyone interested in the concept of criminal punishment will find it an exceptionally beneficial resource. For those interested in understanding how punishment is perceived and understood, this should be the starting point. As a scholar of American corrections, I found Ranking Correctional Punishments to be a great resource for understanding how offenders, the public, and all who are involved in the conduct of American criminal justice think about and conceive of the idea of punishment. This book provides the most information on the topic, in an easily consumed and understood manner. Students of criminal justice should read this book." -- Richard Tewksbury, PhD, Professor of Justice Administration, University of Louisville "May and Wood provide a fascinating examination of traditional and alternative criminal sanctions. They amass solid evidence--using a consistent and sound research approach--to show how the public, criminal justice professionals, and offenders themselves perceive the severity of various punishments. The data encourage thoughtful reconsideration of the so-called "intermediate" punishments that have become so popular during the last quarter of a century. Policy makers and theorists alike will find important new insights to ponder--penalties do not line up easily along a continuum of punitive severity, and sanctions are perceived differently by different social groups, suggesting a previously unrecognized layer of complexity in how punishments may deter future crimes. This book is well-organized, is written clearly, and it should be high on the reading list of all those interested in sentencing, corrections, and criminological theory." -- Brandon K. Applegate, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Justice and Legal Studies, University of Central Florida "[A]n interesting argument worthy of evaluation and discussion. . . . [A] compelling case for the criminal justice system to modify its current belief on sanction severity and its application as perceived by offenders, practitioners, and the public." -- ACJS Today "May and Wood's programme of research provides an important foundation for what could be a broader assessment of penal sanctions and exchange rates. . . . The book is recommended for researchers, persons working within the justice system, and policy makers." -- Punishment & Society
Book Synopsis Structured Peer-to-Peer Systems by : Dmitry Korzun
Download or read book Structured Peer-to-Peer Systems written by Dmitry Korzun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of structured P2P systems has seen fast growth upon the introduction of Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs) in the early 2000s. The first proposals, including Chord, Pastry, Tapestry, were gradually improved to cope with scalability, locality and security issues. By utilizing the processing and bandwidth resources of end users, the P2P approach enables high performance of data distribution which is hard to achieve with traditional client-server architectures. The P2P computing community is also being actively utilized for software updates to the Internet, P2PSIP VoIP, video-on-demand, and distributed backups. The recent introduction of the identifier-locator split proposal for future Internet architectures poses another important application for DHTs, namely mapping between host permanent identity and changing IP address. The growing complexity and scale of modern P2P systems requires the introduction of hierarchy and intelligence in routing of requests. Structured Peer-to-Peer Systems covers fundamental issues in organization, optimization, and tradeoffs of present large-scale structured P2P systems, as well as, provides principles, analytical models, and simulation methods applicable in designing future systems. Part I presents the state-of-the-art of structured P2P systems, popular DHT topologies and protocols, and the design challenges for efficient P2P network topology organization, routing, scalability, and security. Part II shows that local strategies with limited knowledge per peer provide the highest scalability level subject to reasonable performance and security constraints. Although the strategies are local, their efficiency is due to elements of hierarchical organization, which appear in many DHT designs that traditionally are considered as flat ones. Part III describes methods to gradually enhance the local view limit when a peer is capable to operate with larger knowledge, still partial, about the entire system. These methods were formed in the evolution of hierarchical organization from flat DHT networks to hierarchical DHT architectures, look-ahead routing, and topology-aware ranking. Part IV highlights some known P2P-based experimental systems and commercial applications in the modern Internet. The discussion clarifies the importance of P2P technology for building present and future Internet systems.
Download or read book Ranking written by Péter Érdi and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ranking of people, schools, products, countries, and just about everything else is part of our daily lives. But we are in a paradoxical relationship with ranking: we believe that ranking is good because it is informative and objective; and we believe ranking is bad because it is biased and subjective, and occasionally, even manipulated. Ranking: The Unwritten Rules of the Social Game We All Play combines the application of scientific theories to everyday experience with entertaining personal stories.
Book Synopsis Raiding, Trading, and Feasting by : Laura L. Junker
Download or read book Raiding, Trading, and Feasting written by Laura L. Junker and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1999-09-01 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As early as the first millennium A.D., the Philippine archipelago formed the easternmost edge of a vast network of Chinese, Southeast Asian, Indian, and Arab traders. Items procured through maritime trade became key symbols of social prestige and political power for the Philippine chiefly elite. Raiding, Trading, and Feasting presents the first comprehensive analysis of how participation in this trade related to broader changes in the political economy of these Philippine island societies. By combining archaeological evidence with historical sources, Laura Junker is able to offer a more nuanced examination of the nature and evolution of Philippine maritime trading chiefdoms. Most importantly, she demonstrates that it is the dynamic interplay between investment in the maritime luxury goods trade and other evolving aspects of local political economies, rather than foreign contacts, that led to the cyclical coalescence of larger and more complex chiefdoms at various times in Philippine history. A broad spectrum of historical and ethnographic sources, ranging from tenth-century Chinese tributary trade records to turn-of-the-century accounts of chiefly "feasts of merit," highlights both the diversity and commonality in evolving chiefly economic strategies within the larger political landscape of the archipelago. The political ascendance of individual polities, the emergence of more complex forms of social ranking, and long-term changes in chiefly economies are materially documented through a synthesis of archaeological research at sites dating from the Metal Age (late first millennium B.C.) to the colonial period. The author draws on her archaeological fieldwork in the Tanjay River basin to investigate the long-term dynamics of chiefly political economy in a single region. Reaching beyond the Philippine archipelago, this study contributes to the larger anthropological debate concerning ecological and cultural factors that shape political economy in chiefdoms and early states. It attempts to address the question of why Philippine polities, like early historic kingdoms elsewhere in Southeast Asia, have a segmentary political structure in which political leaders are dependent on prestige goods exchanges, personal charisma, and ritual pageantry to maintain highly personalized power bases. Raiding, Trading, and Feasting is a volume of impressive scholarship and substantial scope unmatched in the anthropological and historical literature. It will be welcomed by Pacific and Asian historians and anthropologists and those interested in the theoretical issues of chiefdoms.
Book Synopsis Prehistoric Europe by : Timothy Champion
Download or read book Prehistoric Europe written by Timothy Champion and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of European prehistory has been revolutionized in recent years by the rapid growth rate of archeological discovery, advances in dating methods and the application of scientific techniques to archaeological material and new archaeological aims and frameworks of interpretation. Whereas previous work concentrated on the recovery and description of material remains, the main focus is now on the reconstruction of prehistoric societies and the explanation of their development. This volume provides that elementary and comprehensive synthesis of the new discoveries and the new interpretations of European prehistory. After and introductory chapter on the geographical setting and the development of prehistoric studies in Europe, the text is divided chronologically into nine chapters. Each one describes, with numerous maps, plans and drawings, the relevant archaeological data, and proceeds to a discussion of the societies they represent. Particular attention is paid to the major themes of recent prehistoric research, especially subsistence economy, trade, settlement, technology and social organization.
Book Synopsis Bronze Age Economics by : Timothy Earle
Download or read book Bronze Age Economics written by Timothy Earle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Timothy Earle has set out to offer the most comprehensive view now available of the economic foundations of early societies, and it may well be that he has succeeded. Bronze Age Economics is a pioneering contribution to archaeological theory." —Colin Renfrew, University of Cambridge
Book Synopsis Social Behavior As Resource Exchange by : Kjell Y. Törnblom
Download or read book Social Behavior As Resource Exchange written by Kjell Y. Törnblom and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Humans are social animals. Thus, we cannot survive in isolation. We satisfy our needs through seeking, maintaining, and engaging in relationships and interaction with other people. However, social interactions are complex"--
Book Synopsis Handbook of Archaeological Theories by : R. Alexander Bentley
Download or read book Handbook of Archaeological Theories written by R. Alexander Bentley and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2008 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook gathers original, authoritative articles from leading archaeologists to compile the latest thinking about archaeological theory. The authors provide a comprehensive picture of the theoretical foundations by which archaeologists contextualize and analyze their archaeological data. Student readers will also gain a sense of the immense power that theory has for building interpretations of the past, while recognizing the wonderful archaeological traditions that created it. An extensive bibliography is included. This volume is the single most important reference for current information on contemporary archaeological theories.
Book Synopsis Social Transformations in Archaeology by : Kristian Kristiansen
Download or read book Social Transformations in Archaeology written by Kristian Kristiansen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-10-05 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Transformations in Archaeology explores the relevance of archaeology to the study of long-term change and to the understanding of our contemporary world. The articles are divided into: * broader theoretical issues * post-colonial issues in a wide range of contexts * archaeological examination of colonialism with case studies from the Mediterranean in the first millenium BC and historical Africa.
Book Synopsis Lake Chelan National Recreation Area (N.R.A.), Stehekin River Corridor Implementation Plan by :
Download or read book Lake Chelan National Recreation Area (N.R.A.), Stehekin River Corridor Implementation Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multinational Work Teams by : P. Christopher Earley
Download or read book Multinational Work Teams written by P. Christopher Earley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authored book's purpose is to extend and consolidate the evolving literature on multinational work teams by developing a comprehensive theory that incorporates a dynamic, multilevel view of such teams. The model used by the authors focuses on various features of the team's members, their interactions as a team, and the organizational context in which they operate. The concept of integration and differentiation, as well as the notion of equilibrium are used as a general force guiding the specific processes that link various levels of analysis in the model. Providing a framework for scholars and students in the field of organizational studies, this book presents: *a comprehensive review of the literature related to multinational and multicultural teams; *an overview of the specific model driving our thinking along with an extensive description of the component parts; *the individual and group-level elements of teams and their members; *the linking processes that connect various elements and structures; *the catalysts that give rise to changes in various elements and structures described in the theory section; and *a general integration of the model and an application of this framework for understanding MNT's in diverse cultural contexts.
