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Range Expansion And Population Growth Of Non Native Mountain Goats In The Greater Yellowstone Area
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Book Synopsis Range Expansion and Population Growth of Non-native Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Area by : Elizabeth P. Flesch
Download or read book Range Expansion and Population Growth of Non-native Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Area written by Elizabeth P. Flesch and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population growth and range expansion of nonnative species can potentially disrupt ecosystem function or add conservation value to an area, and evaluation of possible impacts can be a challenge for managers. Nonnative populations of mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) are present in the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) in the U.S. states of Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming because of historical introduction events, but their population trend and range have not been assessed across the area. We used 6,701 location records from 1947 to 2015 to map mountain goat distribution and evaluate, in a descriptive manner, range overlap with native bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis). We analyzed 136 survey counts using the Exponential Growth State?Space model to estimate population trends and abundance. Mountain goats dispersed 50?85 km from introduction sites to occupy all mountain ranges in the northern GYA and 30?40 km to occupy new areas in the southern GYA. Mountain goat numbers increased in nearly all count units, with the strongest growth rates estimated in areas more recently colonized. Using moderate detection probability (0.70), we estimated approximately 2,355 mountain goats in the GYA. Although not tested in our analysis, the gradual range expansion and population growth rates were consistent with density-dependent processes observed in other introduced large herbivores and demonstrate that mountain goats can successfully disperse over unsuitable locales to colonize new areas. Therefore, we expect mountain goat populations will continue to expand into unoccupied mountain ranges that contain significant numbers of bighorn sheep unless specific management actions are implemented to address their population growth.
Book Synopsis Summer Range Occupancy Modeling of Non-native Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Area \ by : Jesse Daniel DeVoe
Download or read book Summer Range Occupancy Modeling of Non-native Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Area \ written by Jesse Daniel DeVoe and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-native species can have adverse impacts on native species. Predicting the potential extent of distributional expansion and abundance of an invading non-native species can inform appropriate conservation and management actions. Non-native mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) in the greater Yellowstone area (GYA) have substantial potential to occupy similar habitats to native Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis). To understand the potential for expansion of mountain goats in the GYA, this study evaluated detection-nondetection data derived from ground-based occupancy surveys of viewsheds partitioned into a grid of 100 ? 100 m sampling units. Surveys were conducted over three summer seasons (2011?2013) in two study areas with well-established mountain goat populations. Relationships between scale-specific habitat covariates and mountain goat selection were evaluated to model occupancy and detection probabilities based on mountain goat detections in 505 of the 53,098 sampling units surveyed. Habitat selection was most strongly associated with terrain covariates, including mean slope and slope variance, at a spatial scale of 500 ? 500 m, and canopy cover, heat load, and normalized difference vegetation index at a spatial scale of 100 ? 100 m. These results provide new insight into multi-scale patterns of mountain goat habitat selection, as well as evidence that mean slope and slope variance are more informative terrain covariates than distance to escape terrain, which has been commonly used in published mountain goat habitat models. The model predicted 9,035 km2 of suitable habitat within the GYA, of which 57% is currently un-colonized. Seventy-five percent of all bighorn observations recorded in the GYA fall within predicted suitable mountain goat habitat. We also estimated that the GYA might have the potential to support 5,331?8,854 mountain goats when all predicted habitat is occupied, or approximately 2.5?4.2 times the most recent abundance estimate of 2,354.
Book Synopsis Occupancy Modeling of Non-native Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Area by : Jesse Daniel DeVoe
Download or read book Occupancy Modeling of Non-native Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Area written by Jesse Daniel DeVoe and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-native species can have adverse impacts on native species; however, coexistence may be possible if their ecological niches minimally overlap. Fine spatial scale information is needed to understand these niches but can be challenging to obtain for rare, imperfectly detected species inhabiting difficult to survey landscapes. Non-native mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) in the greater Yellowstone area (GYA) are such a species and have substantial potential to expand in distribution and occupy similar habitats to native Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis). To understand the niche and potential for expansion of mountain goats in the GYA, this study used a unique, fine spatial scale method to collect detection-nondetection data from two study areas with established mountain goat populations over three summer seasons (2011-2013). Relationships between scale-specific habitat covariates and mountain goat selection were evaluated using a single-species, single-season occupancy analysis to model occupancy and detection probabilities based on 505 mountain goat detections from 53,098 surveyed sampling units. Habitat selection was most strongly associated with terrain covariates, including mean slope and slope variance, at a spatial scale of 500 x 500 m, and canopy cover, heat load, and normalized difference vegetation index at a spatial scale of 100 x 100 m. These results provide new insight into multi-scale patterns of mountain goat habitat selection, as well as evidence that mean slope and slope variance are superior terrain covariates to distance to escape terrain that has dominated published mountain goat habitat models. The model predicted 10,745 km 2 of suitable habitat within the GYA, of which 57% is currently un-colonized. Throughout the GYA, suitable habitat appears to generally overlap extensively with areas occupied by bighorn sheep. I also estimated the GYA may have the potential to support 5,372-8,918 mountain goats when all predicted habitat is occupied, or approximately 2.5-4.2 times the most recent abundance estimate of 2,104.
Book Synopsis Origin, Expansion, and Status of Mountain Goats in Yellowstone National Park by : Thomas O. Lemke
Download or read book Origin, Expansion, and Status of Mountain Goats in Yellowstone National Park written by Thomas O. Lemke and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1980s scientists determined that an introduced mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus) population caused negative impacts to subalpine plant communities in Olympic National Park (ONP). These findings resulted in a controversial and costly mountain goat reduction program from 1981?1989. Since 1990 introduced nonnative mountain goats from Montana have successfully colonized Yellowstone National Park (YNP) via the Absaroka and Gallatin mountain ranges. Using systematic aerial surveys from 1997?2001, I documented a breeding goat population inside or within 1 km of YNP that increased from 24 to 96 mountain goats observed (mean observed rate of increase r̄= 0.35). Because of increasing goat populations immediately adjacent to YNP, Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks (MFWP) established 2 new hunting districts and 44 mountain goats were harvested near YNP from 1996?2001. The mountain goat is a socially popular ?charismatic? species with high watchable-wildlife values. However, within YNP they also are viewed with concern as an exotic species, potentially capable of exploiting fragile subalpine landscapes where, by policy, nonnative ungulates are not welcomed. Based on habitat availability and goat densities to the north, YNP potentially may support 200?300 mountain goats. Important ecological differences between YNP and ONP may reduce the likelihood of negative resource impacts of mountain goats in YNP. However, the speed at which mountain goat numbers and distribution are increasing warrants further habitat and population monitoring to better understand and predict the ecological effects of this new species. Future mountain goat management decisions in YNP should be based on documented impacts of goats on their habitat and other species in YNP and not what has occurred in ONP. Mountain goat management efforts in YNP should acknowledge MFWP's management objective of maintaining viable goat populations in suitable habitats and recognize that goats from Montana will continue to be a source population for future dispersal into and colonization of YNP.
Book Synopsis Yellowstone Bison by : Patrick James White
Download or read book Yellowstone Bison written by Patrick James White and published by . This book was released on 2015-05 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Simulation Modeling of Population Expansion for Introduced Mountain Goats in the Olympic Mountains of Washington State by : Melissa M. Oscarson
Download or read book Simulation Modeling of Population Expansion for Introduced Mountain Goats in the Olympic Mountains of Washington State written by Melissa M. Oscarson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) are not native to the Olympic Peninsula as they are to other regions of Washington State. A total of eleven or twelve animals were translocated from Alaska and British Columbia between 1925 and 1929 then released in the foothills of Mount Storm King. By 1970 these founding goats had colonized the entire Olympic range and concerns about the management of this introduced species developed as damage to alpine soil and vegetation was noted. An aerial census of the Olympic range conducted in July 1983 estimated the mountain goat population at 1,175 (95% CI 840 - 1510). A series of removals reduced the population to 389 (95% CI 181 - 597) goats by 1990, with a period of stasis occurring during the following decade. The most recent two aerial surveys (2011 and 2016) indicate positive growth, and a variety of efforts to mitigate damage to fragile alpine ecosystems are again under consideration. I parameterized an existing population model, CDPOP, for use with mountain goats. CDPOP is a simulation program that uses individual-based movement (including dispersal), reproduction, and mortality to predict the influence of landscape heterogeneity on population dynamics and genetic exchange. Population parameters for the model were derived from published literature. I successfully calibrated the model and simulated the population trajectory for Olympic mountain goats from establishment through the 1983 census. Modeled population dispersal closely tracked anecdotal reports of dispersal. However, observed heterozygosity for the modeled population did not align with previous research. I suspect genetic diversity for the true founding goats was not as great as that of the individuals used to initialize the model. Sensitivity analyses showed that changes in annual reproductive rate had the greatest influence on population trajectories, followed by juvenile mortality and v adult female mortality, respectively. These findings differ from those in two related studies, likely due to the early primiparity within the modeled population. I validated the model by simulating the period from 1990 to 2016. The modeled population showed that approximately 75% to 80% of the total animals removed during the 1980's needed to be female in order for the observed population stasis to occur. Finally, I discuss avenues for future model development and applications. This model could be utilized to inform current management decisions regarding the impact of removals from the Olympic mountain goat population and proposals to use these animals to augment reduced native populations in the Cascade Mountain Range.
Book Synopsis The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index by : Nathalie Pettorelli
Download or read book The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index written by Nathalie Pettorelli and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a coherent review of NDVI including its origin, its availability, its associated advantages and disadvantages, and its possible applications in ecology, environmental monitoring, wildlife management, and conservation.
Book Synopsis Mountain Goats by : Marco Festa-Bianchet
Download or read book Mountain Goats written by Marco Festa-Bianchet and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mountain goats have been among the least studied of North American ungulates, leaving wildlife managers with little information on which to base harvest strategies or conservation plans. This book offers the first comprehensive assessment of the ecology and behavior of mountain goats, setting forth the results of a remarkable 16-year longitudinal study of more than 300 marked individuals in a population in Alberta, Canada. The authors’ thorough, long-term study allowed them to draw important conclusions about mountain goat ecology—including individual reproductive strategies, population dynamics, and sensitivity to human disturbance—and to use those conclusions in offering guidance for developing effective conservation strategies. Chapters examine: -habitat use, vegetation quality, and seasonal movements -sexual segregation and social organization -individual variability in yearly and lifetime reproductive success of females -age- and sex-specific survival and dispersal -reproductive strategies and population dynamics -management and conservation of mountain goats The book also draws on the rich literature on long-term monitoring of marked ungulates to explore similarities and differences between mountain goats and other species, particularly bighorn sheep and ibex. By monitoring a marked population over a long period of time, researchers were able to document changes in sex-age structure and identify factors driving population dynamics. Because it explores the links between individual life-history strategy and population dynamics in a natural setting, Mountain Goats will be an invaluable resource for wildlife managers, researchers in ecology and animal behavior, conservationists, population biologists, and anyone concerned with the ecology and management of natural populations, especially in alpine environments.
Book Synopsis Mountain Goat Management in Olympic National Park by :
Download or read book Mountain Goat Management in Olympic National Park written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition by : P. J. White
Download or read book Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition written by P. J. White and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's first national park is constantly changing. How we understand and respond to recent events putting species under stress will determine the future of ecosystems millions of years in the making. Marshaling expertise from over 30 contributors, Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition examines three primary challenges to the park's ecology.
Book Synopsis Knowing Yellowstone by : Jerry Johnson
Download or read book Knowing Yellowstone written by Jerry Johnson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visitors to Yellowstone National Park are drawn to the spectacular scenery, unique thermal features, and the large numbers of wild animals easily observed in their natural habitat. The thoughtful visitor to the park cannot help but be captivated by the unparalleled breadth of scientific knowledge needed to understand the intricate interrelationships that make up the yellowstone landscape. Knowing Yellowstone explores how scientists discover what they know about America's first national park and the surrounding lands. The chapter authors are scientists who represent the best of their fields of study. The science they describe is leading the way to our understanding of complex ecosystems worldwide.
Book Synopsis The Status, Distribution, and Management of Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem by : John W. Laundré
Download or read book The Status, Distribution, and Management of Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem written by John W. Laundré and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Using Science to Improve the BLM Wild Horse and Burro Program by : National Research Council
Download or read book Using Science to Improve the BLM Wild Horse and Burro Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using Science to Improve the BLM Wild Horse and Burro Program: A Way Forward reviews the science that underpins the Bureau of Land Management's oversight of free-ranging horses and burros on federal public lands in the western United States, concluding that constructive changes could be implemented. The Wild Horse and Burro Program has not used scientifically rigorous methods to estimate the population sizes of horses and burros, to model the effects of management actions on the animals, or to assess the availability and use of forage on rangelands. Evidence suggests that horse populations are growing by 15 to 20 percent each year, a level that is unsustainable for maintaining healthy horse populations as well as healthy ecosystems. Promising fertility-control methods are available to help limit this population growth, however. In addition, science-based methods exist for improving population estimates, predicting the effects of management practices in order to maintain genetically diverse, healthy populations, and estimating the productivity of rangelands. Greater transparency in how science-based methods are used to inform management decisions may help increase public confidence in the Wild Horse and Burro Program.
Book Synopsis Greater Yellowstone's Mountain Ungulates by : Robert A. Garrott
Download or read book Greater Yellowstone's Mountain Ungulates written by Robert A. Garrott and published by . This book was released on 2021-06 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes information on bighorn sheep and mountain goats in the Greater Yellowstone Area.
Book Synopsis Terrestrial Baseline Surveys, Non-native Mountain Goats of the Olympic National Park, Initial Mountain Goat Population and Habitat Studies by : Charles H. Driver
Download or read book Terrestrial Baseline Surveys, Non-native Mountain Goats of the Olympic National Park, Initial Mountain Goat Population and Habitat Studies written by Charles H. Driver and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Occupancy Surveys for Mountain Ungulates by : Megan O'Reilly
Download or read book Development of Occupancy Surveys for Mountain Ungulates written by Megan O'Reilly and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) and mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) overlap in broad food and habitat requirements. In places where mountain goats are non-native there are concerns over potential competition between the two species. The southern Gallatin Mountain range, within and adjacent to the northwest boundary of Yellowstone National Park has both native bighorn sheep and non-native mountain goats. Existing observations of both species for this area vary in spatial precision and there are no records of where observers looked for animals but did not detect them. To gain a better understanding of the relationship between bighorn sheep and mountain goats and their habitat, it is necessary to understand resource selection and the extent of overlap in resource use at fine spatial and temporal scales. I used logistic regression to relate existing presence-only bighorn sheep and mountain goat data for this area to landscape features I expected would be important to both species. Using resulting coefficient estimates, I constructed a relative habitat suitability map and used it to define four survey regions within the study area. The crew of four spent 113 observer days afield and hiked 210 miles recording occupancy data for both mountain ungulates within these four survey regions. Observers surveyed 6,603 100 x 100 meter grid cells, with 15 groups of bighorn sheep and 34 groups of mountain goats observed during surveys. Because there were more mountain goat observations available, I used only mountain goat data to conduct formal occupancy analyses. Mountain goat occupancy was positively associated with ruggedness at the 100 meter scale and there was an important interaction between distance to escape terrain and tree cover at the 500 meter scale. As the distance to escape terrain increased mountain goats were less likely to occupy treed areas. The ruggedness index used in my presence-only modeling effort was based on the rate of change in slope. By using a ruggedness index which included changes in slope and aspect I improved model performance. This research demonstrates the feasibility of conducting occupancy surveys in mountainous terrain and provides interesting biological insights regarding mountain goats and their habitat.
Book Synopsis Review of Scientific Material Relevant to the Occurrence, Ecosystem Role, and Tested Management Options for Mountain Goats in Olympic National Park by :
Download or read book Review of Scientific Material Relevant to the Occurrence, Ecosystem Role, and Tested Management Options for Mountain Goats in Olympic National Park written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
