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Racial Profiling And The Use Of Suspect Classifications In Law Enforcement Policy
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Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309467136 Total Pages :409 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Proactive Policing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Proactive Policing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :168 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Racial Profiling and the Use of Suspect Classifications in Law Enforcement Policy by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties
Download or read book Racial Profiling and the Use of Suspect Classifications in Law Enforcement Policy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Race, Crime, and the Law by : Randall Kennedy
Download or read book Race, Crime, and the Law written by Randall Kennedy and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An "admirable, courageous, and meticulously fair and honest book” (New York Times Book Review) in which “one of our most important and perceptive writers on race" (The Washington Post) takes on a highly complex issue in a way that no one has before. "This book should be a standard for all law students."—Boston Globe In this groundbreaking, powerfully reasoned, lucid work that is certain to provoke controversy, Harvard law professor Randall Kennedy takes on a highly complex issue in a way that no one has before. Kennedy uncovers the long-standing failure of the justice system to protect blacks from criminals, probing allegations that blacks are victimized on a widespread basis by racially discriminatory prosecutions and punishments, but he also engages the debate over the wisdom and legality of using racial criteria in jury selection. He analyzes the responses of the legal system to accusations that appeals to racial prejudice have rendered trials unfair, and examines the idea that, under certain circumstances, members of one race are statistically more likely to be involved in crime than members of another.
Book Synopsis Measuring Racial Discrimination by : National Research Council
Download or read book Measuring Racial Discrimination written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-07-24 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many racial and ethnic groups in the United States, including blacks, Hispanics, Asians, American Indians, and others, have historically faced severe discriminationâ€"pervasive and open denial of civil, social, political, educational, and economic opportunities. Today, large differences among racial and ethnic groups continue to exist in employment, income and wealth, housing, education, criminal justice, health, and other areas. While many factors may contribute to such differences, their size and extent suggest that various forms of discriminatory treatment persist in U.S. society and serve to undercut the achievement of equal opportunity. Measuring Racial Discrimination considers the definition of race and racial discrimination, reviews the existing techniques used to measure racial discrimination, and identifies new tools and areas for future research. The book conducts a thorough evaluation of current methodologies for a wide range of circumstances in which racial discrimination may occur, and makes recommendations on how to better assess the presence and effects of discrimination.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Policing in the United States by : Tamara Rice Lave
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Policing in the United States written by Tamara Rice Lave and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-04 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive collection on police and policing, written by experts in political theory, sociology, criminology, economics, law, public health, and critical theory.
Book Synopsis Suspect Citizens by : Frank R. Baumgartner
Download or read book Suspect Citizens written by Frank R. Baumgartner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The costs of racially disparate patterns of police behavior are high, but the crime fighting benefits are low.
Book Synopsis Race, Ethnicity, and Policing by : Stephen K. Rice
Download or read book Race, Ethnicity, and Policing written by Stephen K. Rice and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2010-03-15 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text includes both classic pieces and original essays that provide the reader with a comprehensive, even-handed sense of the theoretical underpinnings, methodological challenges, and existing research necessary to understand the problems associated with racial and ethnic profiling and police bias.
Download or read book Suspect Race written by Jack Glaser and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Suspect Race, social psychologist and public policy expert Jack Glaser leverages a century's worth of social psychological research to provide a clear understanding of how stereotypes, even those operating outside of conscious awareness or control, can cause police to make discriminatory judgments and decisions about who to suspect, stop, question, search, use force on, and arrest. Glaser argues that stereotyping, even nonconscious stereotyping, is a completely normal human mental process, but that it leads to undesirable discriminatory outcomes. Additionally, he finds evidence that racial profiling can actually increase crime, and he considers the implications for racial profiling in counterterrorism. Suspect Race brings to bear the vast scientific literature on intergroup stereotyping to offer the first in-depth and accessible understanding of the primary cause of racial profiling, and to explore implications for policy.
Book Synopsis Profiles in Injustice by : David A. Harris
Download or read book Profiles in Injustice written by David A. Harris and published by The New Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that racial profiling by police officers, highway troopers, and customs officials is morally reprehensible and does not help catch criminals, but rather contributes to the moral decay of American society.
Book Synopsis The Color of Crime by : Katheryn Russell-Brown
Download or read book The Color of Crime written by Katheryn Russell-Brown and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Perhaps the most explosive and troublesome phenomenon at the nexus of race and crime is the racial hoax - a contemporary version of The Boy Who Cried Wolf. Examining both White-on-Black hoaxes such as Susan Smith's and Charles Stuart's claims that Black men were responsible for crimes they themselves committed, and Black-on-White hoaxes such as the Tawana Brawley episode, Russell illustrates the formidable and lasting damage that occurs when racial stereotypes are manipulated and exploited for personal advantage. She shows us how such hoaxes have disastrous consequences and argues for harsher punishments for offenders."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Racial Profiling and Human Rights in Canada by : Lesley A. Jacobs
Download or read book Racial Profiling and Human Rights in Canada written by Lesley A. Jacobs and published by . This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is designed to address some of the contemporary trends in the public discourse on racial profiling and to stimulate a broad-based and holistic understanding of the complexities of racial profiling in the Canadian context."--
Book Synopsis Police Practices and Civil Rights in New York City by : United States Commission on Civil Rights
Download or read book Police Practices and Civil Rights in New York City written by United States Commission on Civil Rights and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Failed Evidence by : David A. Harris
Download or read book Failed Evidence written by David A. Harris and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2012-09-03 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the popularity of crime dramas like CSI focusing on forensic science, and increasing numbers of police and prosecutors making wide-spread use of DNA, high-tech science seems to have become the handmaiden of law enforcement. But this is a myth,asserts law professor and nationally known expert on police profiling David A. Harris. In fact, most of law enforcement does not embrace science—it rejects it instead, resisting it vigorously. The question at the heart of this book is why. »» Eyewitness identifications procedures using simultaneous lineups—showing the witness six persons together,as police have traditionally done—produces a significant number of incorrect identifications. »» Interrogations that include threats of harsh penalties and untruths about the existence of evidence proving the suspect’s guilt significantly increase the prospect of an innocent person confessing falsely. »» Fingerprint matching does not use probability calculations based on collected and standardized data to generate conclusions, but rather human interpretation and judgment.Examiners generally claim a zero rate of error – an untenable claim in the face of publicly known errors by the best examiners in the U.S. Failed Evidence explores the real reasons that police and prosecutors resist scientific change, and it lays out a concrete plan to bring law enforcement into the scientific present. Written in a crisp and engaging style, free of legal and scientific jargon, Failed Evidence will explain to police and prosecutors, political leaders and policy makers, as well as other experts and anyone else who cares about how law enforcement does its job, where we should go from here. Because only if we understand why law enforcement resists science will we be able to break through this resistance and convince police and prosecutors to rely on the best that science has to offer.Justice demands no less.
Book Synopsis Report on the Activities of the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives During the ... Congress, Pursuant to Clause 1(d) Rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary
Download or read book Report on the Activities of the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives During the ... Congress, Pursuant to Clause 1(d) Rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Evolving Strategy of Police by : Hubert Williams
Download or read book The Evolving Strategy of Police written by Hubert Williams and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Nurture Versus Biosocial Debate in Criminology by : Kevin M. Beaver
Download or read book The Nurture Versus Biosocial Debate in Criminology written by Kevin M. Beaver and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2014-01-31 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nurture Versus Biosocial Debate in Criminology: On the Origins of Criminal Behavior and Criminality takes a contemporary approach to address the sociological and the biological positions of human behavior by allowing preeminent scholars in criminology to speak to the effects of each on a range of topics. Kevin M. Beaver, J.C. Barnes, and Brian B. Boutwell aim to facilitate an open and honest debate between the more traditional criminologists who focus primarily on environmental factors and contemporary biosocial criminologists who examine the interplay between biology/genetics and environmental factors.
Book Synopsis Issues for Debate in American Public Policy by : The CQ Researcher
Download or read book Issues for Debate in American Public Policy written by The CQ Researcher and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of non-partisan reports written by award-winning CQ Researcher journalists focuses on provocative current policy issues. As an annual publication that comes together just months before it goes to press, the volume is all new and as up-to-date as possible. And because it’s CQ Researcher, the policy reports are expertly researched and written, showing all sides of an issue. Chapters follow a consistent organization—exploring three issue questions, then offering background, current context, and a look ahead—and feature a pro/con debate box. All issues include a chronology, bibliography, photos, charts, and figures.
