Returns to capital in microenterprises : evidence from a field experiment

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Returns to capital in microenterprises : evidence from a field experiment by : Christopher Woodruff, David McKenzie, Suresh de Mel

Download or read book Returns to capital in microenterprises : evidence from a field experiment written by Christopher Woodruff, David McKenzie, Suresh de Mel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Small and informal firms account for a large share of employment in developing countries. The rapid expansion of microfinance services is based on the belief that these firms have productive investment opportunities and can enjoy high returns to capital if given the opportunity. However, measuring the return to capital is complicated by unobserved factors such as entrepreneurial ability and demand shocks, which are likely to be correlated with capital stock. The authors use a randomized experiment to overcome this problem and to measure the return to capital for the average microenterprise in their sample, regardless of whether they apply for credit. They accomplish this by providing cash and equipment grants to small firms in Sri Lanka, and measuring the increase in profits arising from this exogenous (positive) shock to capital stock. After controlling for possible spillover effects, the authors find the average real return to capital to be 5.7 percent a month, substantially higher than the market interest rate. They then examine the heterogeneity of treatment effects to explore whether missing credit markets or missing insurance markets are the most likely cause of the high returns. Returns are found to vary with entrepreneurial ability and with measures of other sources of cash within the household, but not to vary with risk aversion or uncertainty.

Brain Mechanisms and Spatial Vision

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9789024731176
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Mechanisms and Spatial Vision by : D.J. Ingle

Download or read book Brain Mechanisms and Spatial Vision written by D.J. Ingle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1984-12-31 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains chapters derived from a N. A. T. O. Advanced Study Institute held in June 1983. As the director of this A. S. I. it was my hope that some of the e1ectrophysiologists could express the potentialities of their work for perceptual theory, and that some perceptionists could speculate on the underlying "units" of perception in a way that would engage the imagination of physio logists. The reader will have to be the judge of whether this was achieved, or whether such a psychophysiological inter1ingua is still overly idealistic. It is clear that after the revolution prec~pitated by Hube1 and Weisel in understanding of visual cortical neurons we still have only a foggy idea of the behavioral output of any particular species of cortical detector. It was therefore particularly unfortunate that two persons who have made great strides in correlating interesting facets of cat cortical physio logy with human psychophysics (Max Cynader and Martin Regan of Dalhousie University) were unable to attend this meeting. Never theless, a number of new and challenging ideas regarding both spatial perception and cortical mechanisms are represented in this volume, and it is hoped that the reader will remember not only the individual demonstrations but the critical questions posed by the apposition of the two different collections of experimental facts. David Ingle April 1984 VII TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE V D. N. Lee and D. S. Young Visual Timing of Interceptive Action 1 J. J.

Spoken Word Recognition

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Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
ISBN 13 : 9780262560399
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Spoken Word Recognition by : Uli H. Frauenfelder

Download or read book Spoken Word Recognition written by Uli H. Frauenfelder and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1987 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spoken Word Recognition covers the entire range of processes involved in recognizing spoken words - both in and out of context. It brings together a number of essays dealing with important theoretical questions raised by the study of spoken word recognition - among them, how do we understand fluent speech as efficiently and effortlessly as we do? What are the mental processes and representations involved when we recognize spoken words? How do these differ from those involved in reading written words? What information is stored in our mental lexicon and how is it structured? What do linguistic and computational theories tell us about these psychological processes and representations?The multidisciplinary presentation of work by phoneticians, linguists, psychologists, and computer scientists reflects the growing interest in spoken word recognition from a number of different perspectives. It is a natural consequence of the mediating role that lexical representations and processes play in language understanding, linking sound with meaning.Following the editors' introduction, the contributions and their authors are: Acoustic-Phonetic Representation in Word Recognition (David B. Pisoni and Paul A. Luce). Phonological Parsing and Lexical Retrieval (Kenneth W. Church). Parallel Processing in Spoken Word Recognition (William D. Marslen-Wilson). A Reader's View of Listening (Dianne C. Bradley and Kenneth I. Forster). Prosodic Structure and Spoken Word Recognition (Francois Grosjean and James Paul Gee). Structure in Auditory Word Recognition (Lyn Frazier). The Mental Representation of the Meaning of Words (P. N. Johnson-Laird). Context Effects in Lexical Processing (Michael K. Tanenhaus and Margery M. Lucas).Uli H. Frauenfelder is a researcher with the Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik, and Lorraine Komisarjevsky Tyler is a professor in the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Cambridge. Spoken Word Recognition is in a series that is derived from special issues of Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Science, edited by Jacques Mehler. A Bradford Book.

Motivation and Emotion

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Motivation and Emotion by : Edward J. Murray

Download or read book Motivation and Emotion written by Edward J. Murray and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'auteur décrit ses travaux et ses analyses sur la liaison entre la motivation et les émotions.

Experimental Thinking

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108997988
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Thinking by : James N. Druckman

Download or read book Experimental Thinking written by James N. Druckman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-12 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments are a central methodology in the social sciences. Scholars from every discipline regularly turn to experiments. Practitioners rely on experimental evidence in evaluating social programs, policies, and institutions. This book is about how to “think” about experiments. It argues that designing a good experiment is a slow moving process (given the host of considerations) which is counter to the current fast moving temptations available in the social sciences. The book includes discussion of the place of experiments in the social science process, the assumptions underlying different types of experiments, the validity of experiments, the application of different designs, how to arrive at experimental questions, the role of replications in experimental research, and the steps involved in designing and conducting “good” experiments. The goal is to ensure social science research remains driven by important substantive questions and fully exploits the potential of experiments in a thoughtful manner.

Bounded Rational Behavior in Experimental Games and Markets

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642483569
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Bounded Rational Behavior in Experimental Games and Markets by : Reinhard Tietz

Download or read book Bounded Rational Behavior in Experimental Games and Markets written by Reinhard Tietz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book reports on recent experimental research on expectations and decision making in bargaining, markets, auctions, or coalition formation situations. The investi- gated topics deliver building stones for a bounded rational theory as an approach to explain behavior and interpersonal interactions in economic and social relationships.

Computational Modeling in Cognition

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Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1452236194
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Modeling in Cognition by : Stephan Lewandowsky

Download or read book Computational Modeling in Cognition written by Stephan Lewandowsky and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010-11-29 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible introduction to the principles of computational and mathematical modeling in psychology and cognitive science This practical and readable work provides students and researchers, who are new to cognitive modeling, with the background and core knowledge they need to interpret published reports, and develop and apply models of their own. The book is structured to help readers understand the logic of individual component techniques and their relationships to each other.

Essentials of Critical Participatory Action Research

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Publisher : American Psychological Association (APA)
ISBN 13 : 9781433834615
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Essentials of Critical Participatory Action Research by : Michelle Fine

Download or read book Essentials of Critical Participatory Action Research written by Michelle Fine and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2021 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a method in which researchers commit to research WITH, not ON, members of marginalized communities in order to challenge and transform conditions of social injustice.

Attention and Performance VI

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000629821
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Attention and Performance VI by : Stanislav Dornic̆

Download or read book Attention and Performance VI written by Stanislav Dornic̆ and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-08-19 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1977, this sixth volume of an international series presented new and original material in the broad area of human performance. Included are the most recent findings, modern methodologies, and latest models and theories that indicate the trends and focus on recent points of debate. Among the topics covered are reaction processes, perceptual encoding, selective attention, visual search, processing a recognition of words as well as the reading process, and memory. This volume will be of paramount interest to experimental psychologists, from graduate students to post-graduate research workers.

Handbook Of Clinical And Experimental Neuropsychology

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317735013
Total Pages : 1128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook Of Clinical And Experimental Neuropsychology by : Gianfranco Denes

Download or read book Handbook Of Clinical And Experimental Neuropsychology written by Gianfranco Denes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 1128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The domain of neuroscience has had one of the most explosive growths in recent decades: within this development there has been a remarkable and renewed interest in the study of the relations between behaviour and the central nervous system. Part of this new attention is connected with the contribution of new technologies (PET, fMRI) permitting more precise mapping of neural structures responsible for cognitive functions and the development of new theoretical models of mental activities. The diffusion of new pathologies (for example the pattern of cognitive impairment associated with AIDS) has further enlarged the field of clinical neuropsychology. Finally there has been an expanding clinical interest in the understanding and management of age-related cognitive changes. This volume is the translated and updated version of the second edition of Manuale di Neuropsicologia (Zanichelli, 1996), by the same authors, and it reflects the current status of the art. It is intended to blend clinical and theoretical aspects of neuropsychology. The first part discusses the instrumental and clinical methods of investigation in neuropsychology, together with their development. A long section is dedicated to the language and memory disorders. The impairment of non-verbal cognitve functions, such as the disorders of space orientation, of of visuo-perceptive abilities, and of the emotions and attention, are extensively discussed. The pattern of degenerative dementias is thorougly described, as e is thoroughly described, as well as a number of new topics, such as a neuropsychological approach to consciousness. Finally, perspectives for treatment of some cognitive disorders are outlined.

Current Periodicals in the Reference Department [of] the N.Y.P.L.

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Current Periodicals in the Reference Department [of] the N.Y.P.L. by :

Download or read book Current Periodicals in the Reference Department [of] the N.Y.P.L. written by and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cumulated Index Medicus

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 942 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Imagery and Spatial Cognition

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027293430
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Imagery and Spatial Cognition by : Tomaso Vecchi

Download or read book Imagery and Spatial Cognition written by Tomaso Vecchi and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2006-08-22 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationships between perception and imagery, imagery and spatial processes, memory and action: these are the main themes of this text. The interest in experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience on imagery and spatial cognition has remarkably increased in the last decades. Different areas of research contribute to the clarification of the multiple cognitive processes subserving spatial perception and exploration, and to the definition of the neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning these cognitive functions. The aim of this book is to provide the reader (post-graduate students as well as experts) with a complete overview of this field of research. It illustrates how brain, behaviour and cognition interact in normal and pathological subjects in perceiving, representing and exploring space.(Series B)

Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317708326
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society by : Wayne D. Gray

Download or read book Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society written by Wayne D. Gray and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-24 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume features the complete text of the material presented at the Twenty-Fourth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. As in previous years, the symposium included an interesting mixture of papers on many topics from researchers with diverse backgrounds and different goals, presenting a multifaceted view of cognitive science. The volume includes all papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at this leading conference that brings cognitive scientists together. The 2002 meeting dealt with issues of representing and modeling cognitive processes as they appeal to scholars in all subdisciplines that comprise cognitive science: psychology, computer science, neuroscience, linguistics, and philosophy.

From Mental Imagery to Spatial Cognition and Language

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1848720491
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (487 download)

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Book Synopsis From Mental Imagery to Spatial Cognition and Language by : Michel Denis

Download or read book From Mental Imagery to Spatial Cognition and Language written by Michel Denis and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviewing the state-of-the-art research in the field of imagery, visuo-spatial memory, spatial representation and language, with special emphasis on their interactions, the volume addresses the issues in depth, presenting new evidence through contributions from both behavioural and neuroimaging studies.

Issues in Experimental Psychology: 2011 Edition

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Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1464966648
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in Experimental Psychology: 2011 Edition by :

Download or read book Issues in Experimental Psychology: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Experimental Psychology / 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Experimental Psychology. The editors have built Issues in Experimental Psychology: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Experimental Psychology in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Experimental Psychology: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Hypothesis-testing Behaviour

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134951582
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis Hypothesis-testing Behaviour by : Fenna H. Poletiek

Download or read book Hypothesis-testing Behaviour written by Fenna H. Poletiek and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do people search evidence for a hypothesis? A well documented answer in cognitive psychology is that they search for confirming evidence. However, the rational strategy is to try to falsify the hypothesis. This book critically evaluates this contradiction. Experimental research is discussed against the background of philosophical and formal theories of hypothesis testing with striking results: Falsificationism and verificationism - the two main rival philosophies of testing - come down to one and the same principle for concrete testing behaviour, eluding the contrast between rational falsification and confirmation bias. In this book, the author proposes a new perspective for describing hypothesis testing behaviour - the probability-value model - which unifies the contrasting views. According to this model, hypothesis testers pragmatically consider what evidence and how much evidence will convince them to reject or accept the hypothesis. They might either require highly probative evidence for its acceptance, at the risk of its rejection, or protect it against rejection and go for minor confirming observations. Interestingly, the model refines the classical opposition between rationality and pragmaticity because pragmatic considerations are a legitimate aspect of 'rational' hypothesis testing. Possible future research and applications of the ideas advanced are discussed, such as the modelling of expert hypothesis testing.