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Quantitative Toxicology
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Book Synopsis Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Drug Design, Predictive Toxicology, and Risk Assessment by : Roy, Kunal
Download or read book Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Drug Design, Predictive Toxicology, and Risk Assessment written by Roy, Kunal and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-02-28 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) represent predictive models derived from the application of statistical tools correlating biological activity or other properties of chemicals with descriptors representative of molecular structure and/or property. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Drug Design, Predictive Toxicology, and Risk Assessment discusses recent advancements in the field of QSARs with special reference to their application in drug development, predictive toxicology, and chemical risk analysis. Focusing on emerging research in the field, this book is an ideal reference source for industry professionals, students, and academicians in the fields of medicinal chemistry and toxicology.
Book Synopsis Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals by : National Research Council
Download or read book Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-07-06 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames from matches, cigarette lighters, and candles is one of the leading causes of residential-fire deaths in the United States. These fires accounted for about 16% of civilian fire deaths in 1996. On average, each year since 1990, about 90 deaths (primarily of children), 440 injuries, and property losses amounting to 50 million dollars have resulted from fires caused by the ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames. Certain commercial seating products (such as aircraft and bus seats) are subject to flammability standards and sometimes incorporate FR-treated upholstery cover materials, but there is no federal-government requirement for residential upholstered furniture, and it is generally not treated with FR chemicals. It is estimated that less than 0.2% of all U.S. residential upholstery fabric is treated with flame-retardant (FR) chemicals. The Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 created the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) as an independent federal regulatory agency whose mission is to protect the public from unreasonable risks of injury and death associated with consumer products. CPSC also administers the Flammable Fabrics Act, under which it regulates flammability hazards and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), which regulates hazardous substances including chemicals. In 1993, the National Association of State Fire Marshals petitioned CPSC to issue a performance-based flammability standard for upholstered furniture to reduce the risk of residential fires. The Commission granted that portion of the petition relating to small open flame ignition risks. In response to concerns regarding the safety of FR chemicals, Congress, in the fiscal year 1999 appropriations report for CPSC, requested that the National Research Council conduct an independent study of the health risks to consumers posed by exposure to FR chemicals that are likely to be used in residential upholstered furniture to meet a CPSC standard. The National Research Council assigned the project to the Committee on Toxicology (COT) of the Commission on Life Sciences' Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. COT convened the Subcommittee on Flame-Retardant Chemicals, which prepared this report. Subcommittee members were chosen for their recognized expertise in toxicology, pharmacology, epidemiology, chemistry, exposure assessment, risk assessment, and biostatistics. Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals is organized into 18 chapters and two appendices. Chapter 2 describes the risk assessment process used by the subcommittee in determining the risk associated with potential exposure to the various FR chemicals. Chapter 3 describes the method the subcommittee used to measure and estimate the intensity, frequency, extent, and duration of human exposure to FR chemicals. Chapters 4-19 provide the subcommittee's review and assessment of health risks posed by exposure to each of the 16 FR chemicals. Data gaps and research needs are provided at the end of these chapters.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Modeling in Toxicology by : Kannan Krishnan
Download or read book Quantitative Modeling in Toxicology written by Kannan Krishnan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments around the world are passing laws requiring industry to assess the toxicity of the chemicals and products they produce, but to do so while reducing, refining, or even replacing testing on animals. To meet these requirements, experimental toxicologists and risk assessors are adopting quantitative approaches and computer simulations to study the biological fate and effects of chemicals and drugs. In Quantitative Modeling in Toxicology leading experts outline the current state of knowledge on the modeling of dose, tissue interactions and tissue responses. Each chapter describes the mathematical foundation, parameter estimation, challenges and perspectives for development, along with the presentation of a modeling template. Additionally, tools and approaches for conducting uncertainty, sensitivity and variability analyses in these models are described. Topics covered include: the quantitative models of pharmacokinetics of individual chemicals and mixtures models for toxicant-target tissue interaction. models for cellular, organ, and organism responses. approaches, tools and challenges for model application and evaluation A website containing computer codes accompanies the book to help the reader reconstruct the models described and discussed in the various chapters. Quantitative Modeling in Toxicology serves as an essential reference source and tool box for risk assessors and researchers and students in toxicology, public health, pharmacology, and human toxicology interested in developing quantitative models for a better understanding of dose-response relationships.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Drug Transport, Disposition, and Delivery by : Gus R. Rosania
Download or read book Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Drug Transport, Disposition, and Delivery written by Gus R. Rosania and published by Humana. This book was released on 2021-07-12 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough book explores some of the most important methods and concepts affecting the quantitative analysis of the transport, targeting, and disposition of chemicals within cells, which in turn impact the macroscopic pharmacokinetics of chemical agents in the whole organism. The first half of the volume focuses on small organic molecules with drug-like characteristics, while the second half delves into the cellular pharmacokinetics of biologics and other macromolecules, including peptide therapeutics, cyclotides, antibodies, as well as nanoparticles, thus creating a comprehensive treatise that approaches cellular pharmacokinetics from the different perspectives of pharmaceutical scientists, chemical biologists, medicinal chemists, and protein engineers dealing with very different chemical agents spanning a wide range of sizes, physicochemical properties, and targeting mechanisms. Written for the Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology series, chapters provide the kind of key detail and expert implementation advice that leads to excellent results in the lab. Synthetic biologists, biophysicists, and bioengineers are amongst the long list of scientists who could benefit from reading this book or from using it as a textbook. Authoritative and practical, Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Drug Transport, Disposition, and Delivery builds on a long history of drug development and the adding of quantitative methods at the cellular scale in order to inspire new approaches to drug development that are better able to take advantage of phenomena such as soluble-to-insoluble phase transitions or bispecific targeting, which could ultimately be exploited for the development of more effective drug delivery systems and therapeutic agents.
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Lead written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology by : Kunal Roy
Download or read book Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology written by Kunal Roy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-06 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CHEMOMETRICS AND CHEMINFORMATICS IN AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY Explore chemometric and cheminformatic techniques and tools in aquatic toxicology Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology delivers an exploration of the existing and emerging problems of contamination of the aquatic environment through various metal and organic pollutants, including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biocides, nanomaterials, pesticides, surfactants, dyes, and more. The book discusses different chemometric and cheminformatic tools for non-experts and their application to the analysis and modeling of toxicity data of chemicals to various aquatic organisms. You’ll learn about a variety of aquatic toxicity databases and chemometric software tools and webservers as well as practical examples of model development, including illustrations. You’ll also find case studies and literature reports to round out your understanding of the subject. Finally, you’ll learn about tools and protocols including machine learning, data mining, and QSAR and ligand-based chemical design methods. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to chemometric and cheminformatic tools and techniques, including machine learning and data mining An exploration of aquatic toxicity databases, chemometric software tools, and webservers Practical examples and case studies to highlight and illustrate the concepts contained within the book A concise treatment of chemometric and cheminformatic tools and their application to the analysis and modeling of toxicity data Perfect for researchers and students in chemistry and the environmental and pharmaceutical sciences, Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals in the chemical industry and regulators whose work involves chemometrics.
Download or read book Emergency Toxicology written by Tod Bania and published by Springhouse Corporation. This book was released on 1998 with total page 1316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brandon/Hill Medical List selection of facts on toxicologic emergencies. Includes every type of poisoning and overdose, details on poisoning agents, and a complete diagnostic table. Topics covered: medicolegal and ethical issues, thyroid hormones, and more.
Book Synopsis Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology by : Pascal Kintz
Download or read book Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology written by Pascal Kintz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology is an essential reference for toxicologists working with, and researching, hair analysis. The text presents a review of the most up-to-date analytical methods in toxicological hair analysis, along with state-of-the-art developments in the areas of hair physiology, sampling, and pre-treatments, as well as discussions of fundamental issues, applications, and results interpretation. Topics addressed include the diagnosis of chronic excessive alcohol drinking by means of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE), the early detection of new psychoactive substances, including designer drugs, the development of novel approaches to screening tests based on mass spectrometry, and the detection of prenatal exposure to psychoactive substances from the analysis of newborn hair. - Unites an international team of leading experts to provide an update on the cutting-edge advances in the toxicological analysis of hair - Demonstrates toxicological techniques relating to a variety of scenarios and exposure types - Ideal resource for the further study of the psychoactive substances, drug-facilitated crimes, ecotoxicology, analytical toxicology, occupational toxicology, toxicity testing, and forensic toxicology - Includes detailed instructions for the collection, preparation, and handling of hair, and how to best interpret results
Book Synopsis Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics by : Donald E. Mager
Download or read book Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics written by Donald E. Mager and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-29 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While systems biology and pharmacodynamics have evolved in parallel, there are significant interrelationships that can enhance drug discovery and enable optimized therapy for each patient. Systems pharmacology is the relatively new discipline that is the interface between these two methods. This book is the first to cover the expertise from systems biology and pharmacodynamics researchers, describing how systems pharmacology may be developed and refined further to show practical applications in drug development. There is a growing awareness that pharmaceutical companies should reduce the high attrition in the pipeline due to insufficient efficacy or toxicity found in proof-of-concept and/or Phase II studies. Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics discusses the framework for integrating information obtained from understanding physiological/pathological pathways (normal body function system vs. perturbed system due to disease) and pharmacological targets in order to predict clinical efficacy and adverse events through iterations between mathematical modeling and experimentation.
Book Synopsis Clarke's Analytical Forensic Toxicology by : Gail Cooper
Download or read book Clarke's Analytical Forensic Toxicology written by Gail Cooper and published by Pharmaceutical Press. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This invaluable textbook, written by international experts, covers all the main elements of forensic toxicology and analytical toxicology techniques as well as the important parts of pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, and pharmacology in general, with a particular focus on drugs of abuse.
Book Synopsis Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.
Book Synopsis Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition by : A. Wallace Hayes
Download or read book Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition written by A. Wallace Hayes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-25 with total page 2304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded on the paradox that all things are poisons and the difference between poison and remedy is quantity, the determination of safe dosage forms the base and focus of modern toxicology. In order to make a sound determination there must be a working knowledge of the biologic mechanisms involved and of the methods employed to define these mechanisms. While the vastness of the field and the rapid accumulation of data may preclude the possibility of absorbing and retaining more than a fraction of the available information, a solid understanding of the underlying principles is essential. Extensively revised and updated with four new chapters and an expanded glossary, this fifth edition of the classic text, Principles and Methods of Toxicology provides comprehensive coverage in a manageable and accessible format. New topics include 'toxicopanomics', plant and animal poisons, information resources, and non-animal testing alternatives. Emphasizing the cornerstones of toxicology-people differ, dose matters, and things change, the book begins with a review of the history of toxicology and followed by an explanation of basic toxicological principles, agents that cause toxicity, target organ toxicity, and toxicological testing methods including many of the test protocols required to meet regulatory needs worldwide. The book examines each method or procedure from the standpoint of technique and interpretation of data and discusses problems and pitfalls that may be associated with each. The addition of several new authors allow for a broader and more diverse treatment of the ever-changing and expanding field of toxicology. Maintaining the high-quality information and organizational framework that made the previous editions so successful, Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition continues to be a valuable resource for the advanced practitioner as well as the new disciple of toxicology.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :030946837X Total Pages :775 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-05-18 with total page 775 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
Book Synopsis Predictive Toxicology by : Christoph Helma
Download or read book Predictive Toxicology written by Christoph Helma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-03-17 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of techniques and systems currently utilized in predictive toxicology, this reference presents an in-depth survey of strategies, algorithms, and prediction methods to select, calculate, and represent the features and properties of chemical structures in biological systems. It provides sources of high-quality toxicity data, the most important commercial and noncommercial predictive toxicology programs, and advanced technologies in computational chemistry, biology, statistics, and data mining. Predictive Toxicology explores applications that go beyond classical structure-activity relationships and discusses programs such as OncoLogic, META, MC4PC, PASS, and lazar.
Book Synopsis Behavioral Toxicology by : Bernard Weiss
Download or read book Behavioral Toxicology written by Bernard Weiss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavioral toxicology is a young discipline in the United States; so young, in fact, that this is one of its first books. Behavioral questions are bound to play a major role in future scientific work and governmental decisions involving the health effects of environmental contaminants and other chemicals. This role springs from two key problems that face scientists and public agencies required to set acceptable exposure standards or to determine criteria for the toxicity of therapeutic chemicals: How do you evaluate effects that may show up only as subtle functional disturbances? And how do you de tect toxic effects early enough so that they may still be reversible, before they produce major damage? The contributions in this book come from a collection of scientists whose interests span a wide variety of problem areas. The focus is largely on me thodological issues because they represent the most immediate concern of the discipline. We expect that this collection of papers will represent a useful source book for behavioral toxicology for some time. For the past few years, the University of Rochester's Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics has sponsored a series of international conferences on chemical toxicity, partly as a response to concern over the con sequences to health of the rich chemical soup in which we live. This book is based upon presentations made to the fifth of the series. Held in June, 1972, it was the first formal meeting devoted to behavioral toxicology in this country.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Methods in Aquatic Ecotoxicology by : Michael C. Newman
Download or read book Quantitative Methods in Aquatic Ecotoxicology written by Michael C. Newman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-12-21 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a quantitative treatment of the science of ecotoxicology. The first chapters consider fundamental concepts and definitions essential to understanding the fate and effects of toxicants at various levels of ecological organization as covered in the remaining chapters. Scientific ecotoxicology and associated topics are defined. The historical perspective, rationale, and characteristics are outlined for the strong inferential and quantitative approach advocated in this book. The general measurement process is discussed, and methodologies for defining and controlling variance, which could otherwise exclude valid conclusions regarding ecotoxicological endeavors, are considered. Ecotoxicological concepts at increasing levels of ecological organization are discussed in the second part of the book. Quantitative methods used to measure toxicant effects are outlined in this section. The final chapter summarizes the book with a brief discussion of ecotoxicological assessment. Numerous figures and tables accompany text, with many statistical tables found in the appendix for quick reference. Although the book primarily focuses on aquatic systems, with appropriate modification the concepts and methods can be applied to terrestrial systems.
Download or read book Toxicology written by Hans Marquardt and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999-10-05 with total page 1355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicology is a comprehensive text for researchers and graduate students in toxicology and public health. It addresses every aspect of the field, starting with the fundamentals and incorporating such areas as organ toxicology, applications, and environmental toxicology. In addition to covering the traditional subject matter of toxicology, special emphasis has been placed on recent areas of interest, such as risk assessment, apoptosis, and methodical developments.Key Features* Comprehensive text, covering all aspects of the field of toxicology* Analyzes the importance of toxicokinetics and metabolism as well as cellular targets for the mechanisms of toxic effects* Identifies the various classes of chemical compounds responsible for the toxic effects* Describes the approaches and methods used by various disciplines which investigate toxic effects and their prevention* Adapted from a very successful German text, this edition is completely revised and expanded * The text is well illustrated with diagrams, charts, and tables
