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Author : Yongfang Lu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781369440102
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (41 download)
Download or read book Quantitative Genetic and Genomic Modeling of Feed Efficiency in Dairy Cattle written by Yongfang Lu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (956 download)
Download or read book Genomic and Genetic Evaluation of Feed Efficiency and Stillbirth in Dairy Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed efficiency is an economically important trait in the dairy cattle industry, and feed costs accounts for more than 50% of total production costs. Prediction of genetic breeding value has been a focus of animal breeding since the beginning of the 20th century. Because of ongoing genetic selection for productivity and improvement in herd management, the efficiency of converting feed to milk in U.S. dairy cattle has doubled over the past 60 years due to dilution of maintenance. It is widely recognized that additional selection based on biological differences between individuals in feed efficiency is highly desirable. The emergence of high dimensional genomic data offers opportunities for selection and evaluation of feed efficiency directly through whole genome-enabled prediction. This thesis centers on genetic evaluation and prediction of traits related to feed efficiency in dairy cattle using whole genome molecular markers. We investigated various whole genome prediction approaches tailored to capturing total genetic variation, with the goal of enhancing predictive performance for feed efficiency and related traits. In particular, this thesis includes three studies. In the first study, a semi-supervised learning approach was introduced, and its prediction accuracy was assessed using residual feed intake (RFI) data. The second study compared an interaction model with within- and across-environment components using data from multiple environments to estimate genomic variances and assess the accuracy of genomic predictions for RFI and its component traits. The third study involved genetic evaluation of direct and maternal stillbirth rate, a trait that contributes to whole farm production efficiency, using data of Brown Swiss, Jersey, and Holstein bulls. Our results indicate that, while selection on feed efficiency in dairy cattle using whole genome molecular markers is promising, low accuracy of prediction remains an ongoing challenge due to the limited size of the reference population. Pooling data across countries or production systems is an option for increasing size of the reference population, but genotype by environment interactions and population stratification must be addressed. Ongoing collection of individual feed intake records is necessary to improve prediction accuracy, in terms of increasing the size of the reference population and ensuring that reference animals are closely related to the current selection candidates.
Author : N. D. Cameron
Publisher : Cabi
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Selection Indices and Prediction of Genetic Merit in Animal Breeding written by N. D. Cameron and published by Cabi. This book was released on 1997 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction of variance; Anova in quanatiatitve genetics framework; Regression and correlation; Indentification of animals of high genetic merit; Information from relatives; Selection index methodology; Examples of selection objectives and criteria; Factrors affecting the rate of genetic improvement; Performance testing progeny testing and MOET; Simultaneous prediction of breeding values and environmental effects; Multivariate breeding values prediction; Breeding values with a gene of known large effect; Breeding values for binary traits.
Author : Great Britain. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Energy Allowances and Feeding Systems for Ruminants written by Great Britain. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles; Food energy; Measurements of metabolisable energy; Metabolisable energy of the ration; Matabolisable energy concentration of rations; Metabolisable energy requirements; Maintenance; Liveweight gain; Milk production; Mobilisation of body reserves; Pregnancy; A net energy system for growing animals; Net energy requirements; Net energy values of foods; Animal production level; Safety margins; Dairy cows; Calculation of metabolisable energy allowances; Liveweight change; Daily ME allowances; Appetite Limits for dairy cows; Checking a ration; Ration formulation; Rapid method; Linear programming; Feeding the dairy cow; Significance of liveweight changes; Ration formulation for stages of lactation; Feeding according to yield; Energy requirements of grazing cows; Growing and fattening cattle; Prediction of performance; Ration calculations; Predicted liveweight gain; Calculation of metabolisable energy allowances; Ration formulation; Rapid method; Linear programming; Net energy system for ration formulation; Animal production level; Net energy values of foods; Net energy allowances; Ration formulation; Replacement values of foods; Linear programming; Sheep; Pregnant and lactating ewes; Maintenance allowances; Pregnancy allowances; Ration formulation; Growing and fattening sheep; Performance prediction; Prediction of liveweight gain; Calculation of metabolisable energy allowances; Net energy system for ration formulation; Net energy allowances; Animal prodution level; Net energy values of foods; Replacement values of foods; Metabolisable energies of foods; Energy values of foods; Digestibility measurements of foods; Metabolisable energy values of foods; Prediction of the ME of forages; Estimation of the ME of compound foods; Tables of food composition.
Author : Chen Yao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Genomic Evaluation of Feed Efficiency in Dairy Cattle written by Chen Yao and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Raphael Mrode
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1800620489
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (6 download)
Download or read book Linear Models for the Prediction of the Genetic Merit of Animals, 4th Edition written by Raphael Mrode and published by CABI. This book was released on 2023-10-09 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental to any livestock improvement programme by animal scientists, is the prediction of genetic merit in the offspring generation for desirable production traits such as increased growth rate, or superior meat, milk and wool production. Covering the foundational principles on the application of linear models for the prediction of genetic merit in livestock, this new edition is fully updated to incorporate recent advances in genomic prediction approaches, genomic models for multi-breed and crossbred performance, dominance and epistasis. It provides models for the analysis of main production traits as well as functional traits and includes numerous worked examples. For the first time, R codes for key examples in the textbook are provided online. Suitable for graduate and postgraduate students, researchers and lecturers of animal breeding, genetics and genomics, this established textbook provides a thorough grounding in both the basics and in new developments of linear models and animal genetics.
Author : Philip C. Garnsworthy
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483100189
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)
Download or read book Nutrition and Lactation in the Dairy Cow written by Philip C. Garnsworthy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition and Lactation in the Dairy Cow is the proceedings of the 46th University of Nottingham Easter School in Agricultural Science. Said symposium was concerned with the significant advances in the field of nutrition and lactation in the dairy cow. The book is divided in five parts. Part I deals with the principles behind nutrition and lactation of cows. Part II discusses the cow’s nutrient interactions; responses to nutrients that yield protein and energy; and the influence of nutrient balance and milk yields. Part III tackles the efficiency of energy utilization in cows and its relation to milk production. Part IV talks about food intake of cows and the factors that affect it, while Part V deals with the different feeding systems for cows. The text is recommended for those involved in raising cows and dairy production, especially those who would like to know more and make studies about the relationship of nutrition and lactation of cows.
Author : Bhanu P. Chowdhary
Publisher : S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Animal Genomics written by Bhanu P. Chowdhary and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 2003 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides an update on the current status of gene maps in different livestock and pet/companion animal species. The findings summarized in species specific commentaries and original articles testify the rapid advances made in the field of animal genomics. Of significant interest is the fact that current investigations are providing headways for two important and exciting research fronts: targeted high-resolution mapping leading to the application of genomic information in addressing questions of economic and biological significance in animals, and the initiation of whole genome sequencing projects for some of the animal species. Like in humans and mice, this will set the stage for a new level of research and real time complex analysis of the genomes of these species. Animal Genomics signifies the beginning of a new era in this field and celebrates the achievements of the past 20 years of genomics research. It will be of special interest to researchers involved in genome analysis - both gross chromosomal as well as molecular - in various animal species, and to comparative and evolutionary geneticists.
Author : Geoff Simm
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1789241723
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Genetic Improvement of Farmed Animals written by Geoff Simm and published by CABI. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic Improvement of Farmed Animals provides a thorough grounding in the basic sciences underpinning farmed animal breeding. Relating science to practical application, it covers all the major farmed animal species: cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs and aquaculture species.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (939 download)
Download or read book Genetic and Genomic Variation Contributing to Feed Efficiency to Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julius Van der Werf
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781786762986
Total Pages : 659 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (629 download)
Download or read book Advances in Breeding of Dairy Cattle written by Julius Van der Werf and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William Bateson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)
Download or read book Mendel's Principles of Heredity written by William Bateson and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bateson named the science "genetics" in 1905-1906. This is the first textbook in English on the subject of genetics.
Author : Hasan Khatib
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118677404
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)
Download or read book Molecular and Quantitative Animal Genetics written by Hasan Khatib and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal genetics is a foundational discipline in the fields of animal science, animal breeding, and veterinary sciences. While genetics underpins the healthy development and breeding of all living organisms, this is especially true in domestic animals, specifically with respect to breeding for key traits. Molecular and Quantitative Animal Genetics is a new textbook that takes an innovative approach, looking at both quantitative and molecular breeding approaches. The bookprovides a comprehensive introduction to genetic principles and their applications in animal breeding. This text provides a useful overview for those new to the field of animal genetics and breeding, covering a diverse array of topics ranging from population and quantitative genetics to epigenetics and biotechnology. Molecular and Quantitative Animal Genetics will be an important and invaluable educational resource for undergraduate and graduate students and animal agriculture professionals. Divided into six sections pairing fundamental principles with useful applications, the book's comprehensive coverage will make it an ideal fit for students studying animal breeding and genetics at any level.
Author : EAAP scientific committee
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9086868592
Total Pages : 511 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (868 download)
Download or read book Book of Abstracts of the 68th Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science written by EAAP scientific committee and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-09-04 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book of Abstracts is the main publication of the 68th Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP). It contains abstracts of the invited papers and contributed presentations of the sessions of EAAP's eleven Commissions: Animal Genetics, Animal Nutrition, Animal Management and Health, Animal Physiology, Cattle Production, Sheep and Goat Production, Pig Production, Horse Production and Livestock Farming Systems, Insects and Precision Livestock Farming.
Author : Kashly Rene Schweer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (957 download)
Download or read book Genome-wide Association Study for Feed Efficiency Traits Using SNP and Haplotype Models written by Kashly Rene Schweer and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed efficiency has long been recognized for its economic importance in beef cattle production systems. Feed intake is not a routinely collected trait on-farm due to the expense of measuring individual feed intake. Identification of genomic regions associated with feed efficiency and its component traits would be advantageous for selection programs. The objective of this study was to uncover genomic regions associated with average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with SNP and haplotype Bayesian models. Phenotypes of ADG and ADFI along with genotypes from the BovineSNP50v2 array from crossbred steers and heifers (n=748) representing seven sire breeds were used in the analyses. Traits were analyzed independently through SNP (BayesC) and haplotype models (BayesIM) and together in a bivariate haplotype model. For the BayesIM model, haplotypes were mapped to haplotype clusters based on local haplotype similarity using a hidden Markov model (HMM) and the haplotype clusters were fitted as covariates in the Bayesian mixture model. The number of haplotype clusters at each location was assumed to be either 8 (BayesIM8) or 16 (BayesIM16), resulting in a total of three univariate analyses for each trait and two bivariate analyses. Posterior genomic heritability estimates (PSD) for ADG were 0.28 (0.08), 0.46 (0.12), 0.46 (0.12), 0.44 (0.10) and 0.44 (0.12) for BayesC, BayesIM8, BayesIM16, BayesIM8 bivariate and BayesIM16 bivariate, respectively. Average daily feed intake posterior genomic heritability estimates (PSD) were 0.30 (0.07), 0.46 (0.10), 0.45 (0.09), 0.45 (0.09) and 0.46 (0.11) for the same analyses. Top genomic regions across all univariate analyses for ADG exist on BTA 3, 4, 13, 20 and 22 while ADFI was associated with regions on BTA 1, 13 and 21. Potential pleiotropic genomic regions associated with both traits were identified through bivariate analyses on BTA 1, 13, 20 and 25. The use of multi-trait models for GWAS is currently unexplored in beef cattle. A multi-trait model can use information from one trait to inform the other when the traits are genetically correlated.
Author : Jiwon Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)
Download or read book Consumer Preferences for the Genomic Selection for Particular Traits in Breeding Dairy Cows in Canada written by Jiwon Kim and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines Canadian public preferences for the use of genomic selection in breeding dairy cows for four main traits- feed efficiency, methane emission reduction, enhanced disease resilience, improved cow fertility as well as the use of antibiotics. Since this research information might be helpful to guide farmers to tap into consumer preferences and make better decisions which can beneficial for both animal, environment and themselves, this study identified the characteristics of individuals who are more or less in favor of one or more traits as well as public preferences for the four main traits and the use of antibiotics. Based on the survey results, two approaches, conditional logit and latent class models which can capture respondent heterogeneity were estimated, and heterogeneity does exist across survey respondents. Given the analyses, the feed efficiency trait was preferred the most based in the conditional logit models. On the other hand, the enhanced disease resilience and feed efficiency traits are preferred the most based on the latent class model. Furthermore, as the latent class model may reflect the reality well through exploring heterogeneity, there were nine identified classes of respondents with different preferences. There are variations across classes with respect to environmental self-assessed knowledge, myths of nature, animal husbandry, and on top of gender, number of children under age 18 across the nine classes. Lastly, the predicted shares for dairy products produced with genomic selective breeding with each of the four traits was predicted. There is around 67.3~74.6% market demand for the dairy products produced with the enhanced disease resilience trait. Regarding the feed efficiency trait, the expected market demand is around 51.9~54.9%, while around 8.5~9.2% for the improved fertility trait. Also, there is about 34.7~41% market demand for the dairy products which have the methane emission reduction attribute. When it comes to the use of antibiotics, around 48.4~55.3% people like the therapeutic use of antibiotics as opposed to no antibiotics.
Author : John E. Bradshaw
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319232851
Total Pages : 710 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Plant Breeding: Past, Present and Future written by John E. Bradshaw and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-08 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to help plant breeders by reviewing past achievements, currently successful practices, and emerging methods and techniques. Theoretical considerations are also presented to strike the right balance between being as simple as possible but as complex as necessary. The United Nations predicts that the global human population will continue rising to 9.0 billion by 2050. World food production will need to increase between 70-100 per cent in just 40 years. First generation bio-fuels are also using crops and cropland to produce energy rather than food. In addition, land area used for agriculture may remain static or even decrease as a result of degradation and climate change, despite more land being theoretically available, unless crops can be bred which tolerate associated abiotic stresses. Lastly, it is unlikely that steps can be taken to mitigate all of the climate change predicted to occur by 2050, and beyond, and hence adaptation of farming systems and crop production will be required to reduce predicted negative effects on yields that will occur without crop adaptation. Substantial progress will therefore be required in bridging the yield gap between what is currently achieved per unit of land and what should be possible in future, with the best farming methods and best storage and transportation of food, given the availability of suitably adapted cultivars, including adaptation to climate change. My book is divided into four parts: Part I is an historical introduction; Part II deals with the origin of genetic variation by mutation and recombination of DNA; Part III explains how the mating system of a crop species determines the genetic structure of its landraces; Part IV considers the three complementary options for future progress: use of sexual reproduction in further conventional breeding, base broadening and introgression; mutation breeding; and genetically modified crops.
