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Quantification Of Airborne Biological And Metals Contaminants Associated With Land Applied Class B Biosolids
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Book Synopsis Quantification of Airborne Biological and Metals Contaminants Associated with Land Applied Class B Biosolids by : Tania Paez-Rubio
Download or read book Quantification of Airborne Biological and Metals Contaminants Associated with Land Applied Class B Biosolids written by Tania Paez-Rubio and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantification of Airborne Biological Contaminants Associated with Land-applied Biosolids by : Jordan Peccia
Download or read book Quantification of Airborne Biological Contaminants Associated with Land-applied Biosolids written by Jordan Peccia and published by International Water Assn. This book was released on 2007 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greater than 50% of all class B biosolids produced in the US are reused by application to agricultural land. The goal of this research was to pair a comprehensive literature review with a field aerosol sampling campaign to characterize aerosols emitted during the land application process and provide a simplified framework for evaluating exposure to on-site workers and off-site residents. Three aerosolization scenarios for dewatered biosolids were considered and include spreading biosolids onto land by side slinging, disk incorporating into soils, and aerosolization of land applied biosolids due to high wind events. Particulate mater, metal aerosols, and biological aerosols of biosolids origin were in the respirable size range and were markedly greater downwind of land application than in upwind ambient control sites. Low level aerosolization of field applied biosolids were detected during high wind events, and biosolids derived aerosols were detected at 170 meters downwind of disk incorporation.The ability to reconstruct source aerosol concentration from PM10 measurements and the linear correlations made between bulk biosolids concentrations and source emission rates serve as a framework for determining relevant aerosol concentrations without the requirement of biological or chemical aerosol sampling. Application of this framework eliminates the inherent limitations and costs associated with monitoring low aerosol concentration of toxic compounds and pathogens. This report is available online through our Pay-Per-View system, Water Intelligence Online.
Book Synopsis Quantification of Airborne Biological Contaminants from Land-applied Biosolids by :
Download or read book Quantification of Airborne Biological Contaminants from Land-applied Biosolids written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biosolids Applied to Land by : National Research Council
Download or read book Biosolids Applied to Land written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-11-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1993 regulation (Part 503 Rule) governing the land application of biosolids was established to protect public health and the environment from reasonably anticipated adverse effects. Included in the regulation are chemical pollutant limits, operational standards designed to reduce pathogens and the attraction of disease vectors, and management practices. This report from the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology evaluates the technical methods and approaches used by EPA to establish those standards and practices, focusing specifically on human health protection. The report examines improvements in risk-assessment practices and advances in the scientific database since promulgation of the regulation, and makes recommendations for addressing public health concerns, uncertainties, and data gaps about the technical basis of the biosolids standards.
Book Synopsis Microbial Risk Assessment Modeling for Exposure to Land-applied Class B Biosolids by : Jingjie Teng
Download or read book Microbial Risk Assessment Modeling for Exposure to Land-applied Class B Biosolids written by Jingjie Teng and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advisor: Patrick L. Gurian.
Book Synopsis Contaminants in Land-applied Biosolids by : Ben D. Giudice
Download or read book Contaminants in Land-applied Biosolids written by Ben D. Giudice and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies are described in which the fate and transport of contaminants in land-applied biosolids was characterized via direct measurements and then modeled successfully. Additionally, the effects of one such contaminant, triclocarban (TCC), were investigated in a freshwater mudsnail. Rainfall simulations were conducted on soil plots amended with biosolids. Surface runoff and leachate was collected and analyzed for the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) bisphenol A, 17[alpha]-ethynylestradiol, triclocarban, triclosan, octylphenol, and nonylphenol; sixteen metals; and estrogenic activity via the ER-CALUX bioassay. Triclosan, nickel, and copper were detected at levels that might pose risk to aquatic life, though levels of metals in the biosolids were well below regulatory limits. ER-CALUX results were mostly explained by background bisphenol A contamination and octylphenol, though unknown contributors and/or matrix effects were also found. An existing model, Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems (GLEAMS), was modified to include addition of a biosolids phase with labile organic carbon (distinct from soil organic carbon), and was used to predict the fate and transport of trace organic contaminants from land-applied biosolids. The model was calibrated using existing data from literature studies, including experiments described in above, and showed good agreement for acetaminophen, ibuprofen, triclosan, triclocarban, and estrone with reasonable input parameters. It was then applied to various theoretical scenarios using chemicals of varied properties to examine the effects of K[oc] and half-life, application date, and application method (surface spreading vs. incorporation) on long-term chemical losses. The effects of TCC were studied in the freshwater mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum. After 4 weeks exposure, environmentally relevant TCC concentrations of 1.6 to 10.5 [mu]g/L resulted in statistically significant increases in the number of unshelled embryos, while 0.2, 1.6, and 10.5 [mu]g/L exposures significantly increased numbers of shelled embryos. The lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) was 0.2 [mu]g/L, the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) was 0.05 [mu]g/L, and the median effective concentration (EC50) for unshelled effects was 2.5 [mu]g/L. Results indicate that TCC may be causing reproductive effects in the environment. Furthermore, environmental risk from a new class of EDCs is both qualitatively and quantitatively similar to risk from existing classes of EDCs.
Book Synopsis Contribution of Biosolids-derived Bioaerosols to the Airborne Microbial Population by : Kära L. Lindelof
Download or read book Contribution of Biosolids-derived Bioaerosols to the Airborne Microbial Population written by Kära L. Lindelof and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land-application of biosolids is an important means of disposal with possible benefits for soil quality. Bioaerosols might be generated from the application of biosolids and the possible human health risk of pathogenic microorganisms contained in bioaerosols has become an increasingly important issue. Microbial evidence thus far has suggested human health risks are minimal during application of biosolids; however epidemiological studies have reported increased numbers of infection in residents living near biosolids application. Previous studies have focused on the quantification of aerosolized bacteria and the presence of indicator species, while the currenty study uses a DNA-based method to detect alterations to the genetic composition of the aerosolized community following biosolids application. The current study collected soil and aerosol samples from a field site receiving land-applied Class B biosolids. Samples were collected prior to application and over the course of a ten week period following application. Analysis of the data suggested densities of bacteria in aerosol samples did not increase following the application of biosolids. A DNA-based community approach was utilized to investigate the composition of the communities. No change in the community composition was observed after the application of biosolids. Biosolids did not significantly contribute to the airborne population of bacteria in the current study.
Book Synopsis Guidelines for Environmental Management by :
Download or read book Guidelines for Environmental Management written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biosolids (appropriately treated sewage sludge) can make an important contribution to sustainable environmental management, through the return of organic material, trace elements, moisture and nutrients to our soils. The Guidelines for Environmental Management: Biosolids Land Application enables this beneficial use of biosolids, by providing a management framework that ensures any chemical and microbiological risks are appropriately managed.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251305056 Total Pages :156 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Soil pollution: a hidden reality by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Soil pollution: a hidden reality written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document presents key messages and the state-of-the-art of soil pollution, its implications on food safety and human health. It aims to set the basis for further discussion during the forthcoming Global Symposium on Soil Pollution (GSOP18), to be held at FAO HQ from May 2nd to 4th 2018. The publication has been reviewed by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) and contributing authors. It addresses scientific evidences on soil pollution and highlights the need to assess the extent of soil pollution globally in order to achieve food safety and sustainable development. This is linked to FAO’s strategic objectives, especially SO1, SO2, SO4 and SO5 because of the crucial role of soils to ensure effective nutrient cycling to produce nutritious and safe food, reduce atmospheric CO2 and N2O concentrations and thus mitigate climate change, develop sustainable soil management practices that enhance agricultural resilience to extreme climate events by reducing soil degradation processes. This document will be a reference material for those interested in learning more about sources and effects of soil pollution.
Author :United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :192 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Regulations and Technology by : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development
Download or read book Environmental Regulations and Technology written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Materials and Waste by : Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad
Download or read book Environmental Materials and Waste written by Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Materials and Waste: Resource Recovery and Pollution Prevention contains the latest information on environmental sustainability as a wide variety of natural resources are increasingly being exploited to meet the demands of a worldwide growing population and economy. These raw materials cannot, or can only partially, be substituted by renewable resources within the next few decades. As such, the efficient recovery and processing of mineral and energy resources, as well as recycling such resources, is now of significant importance. The book takes a multidisciplinary approach to fully realize the number of by-products which can be remanufactured, providing the foundation needed across disciplines to tackle this issue. As awareness and opportunities to recover valuable resources from process and bleed streams is gaining interest, sustainable recovery of environmental materials, including wastewater, offers tremendous opportunity to combine profitable and sustainable production. - Presents a state-of-the-art guide to environmental sustainability - Provides an overview of the field highlighting recent and emerging issues in environmental resource recovery that cover a wide array of by-products for remanufacture potential - Details a multidisciplinary approach to fully realize the number of by-products which can be remanufactured, providing the foundation needed across disciplines to tackle these global issues
Book Synopsis Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments by : National Research Council
Download or read book Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-03 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.
Book Synopsis Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water by :
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.
Book Synopsis Microplastics in Water and Wastewater by : Hrissi K. Karapanagioti
Download or read book Microplastics in Water and Wastewater written by Hrissi K. Karapanagioti and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-15 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the topic of microplastics in water and wastewater. The chapters start with introductory issues related to the growing interest in the scientific community on microplastics and the human water cycle and point out where the microplastics could interact with water. The subsequent chapters examine evidence of the microplastic presence in freshwater, such as in both rivers and lakes, in freshwater biota, and hazardous chemicals associated with microplastics in such systems. Another set of chapters discuss the presence of microplastics in wastewater: their sources; their transfer through a wastewater treatment plant; the concentration of microplastics in effluents throughout the world; the plastic biomedia used in wastewater treatment plants and the effect on the surrounding environment of effluent wastewater pipes. These chapters also discuss the sampling methods, the sample treatment and analysis techniques used so far for microplastics in wastewater. Additionally, the presence of microplastics in sewage sludge and in soils irrigated with wastewater or fertilized with sludge are discussed. The possible impact of plastics and their additives on plants, microalgae, and humans are reviewed and presented in a critical way. Finally, a chapter summarizes all the relevant regulations and initiatives that point to the necessity of a global directive for the protection of the environment from plastic and microplastic pollution. The topic of microplastics in freshwater systems and in wastewater has scarcely been studied and requires more attention. Microplastics in Water and Wastewater aims to bring these initial findings to the attention of a broader audience and especially to operators and managers of freshwater and wastewater systems. It will also be helpful to people already aware of the marine debris problem to understand the sources of microplastics in the oceans, from freshwater systems and wastewater treatment plants.
Book Synopsis Heavy Metals in Soils by : Brian J. Alloway
Download or read book Heavy Metals in Soils written by Brian J. Alloway and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-18 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition of the book has been completely re-written, providing a wider scope and enhanced coverage. It covers the general principles of the natural occurrence, pollution sources, chemical analysis, soil chemical behaviour and soil-plant-animal relationships of heavy metals and metalloids, followed by a detailed coverage of 21 individual elements, including: antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, tin, tungsten, uranium, vanadium and zinc. The book is highly relevant for those involved in environmental science, soil science, geochemistry, agronomy, environmental health, and environmental engineering, including specialists responsible for the management and clean-up of contaminated land.
Book Synopsis Inventory of Federal Energy-related Environment and Safety Research for ... by :
Download or read book Inventory of Federal Energy-related Environment and Safety Research for ... written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :80 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (6 download)
Book Synopsis Framework for environmental health risk management by : United States. Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management
Download or read book Framework for environmental health risk management written by United States. Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
