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Author : Dongsheng Zhou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Quality Differentiation in a Strategic Trade Model with Fixed Costs written by Dongsheng Zhou and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alan G. Lafley
Publisher : Harvard Business Press
ISBN 13 : 142218739X
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (221 download)
Download or read book Playing to Win written by Alan G. Lafley and published by Harvard Business Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains how companies must pinpoint business strategies to a few critically important choices, identifying common blunders while outlining simple exercises and questions that can guide day-to-day and long-term decisions.
Author : John Beath
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521335522
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (355 download)
Download or read book The Economic Theory of Product Differentiation written by John Beath and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-02-22 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are few industries in modern market economies that do not manufacture differentiated products. This book provides a systematic explanation and analysis of the widespread prevalence of this important category of products. The authors concentrate on models in which product selection is endogenous. In the first four chapters they consider models that try to predict the level of product differentiation that would emerge in situations of market equilibrium. These market equilibria with differentiated products are characterised and then compared with social welfare optima. Particular attention is paid to the distinction between horizontal and vertical differentiation as well as to the related issues of product quality and durability. This book brings together the most important theoretical contributions to these topics in a succinct and coherent manner. One of its major strengths is the way in which it carefully sets out the basic intuition behind the formal results. It will be useful to advanced undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in industrial economics and microeconomic theory.
Author : Ulrich Lehmann-Grube
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Strategic Choice of Quality When Quality is Costly written by Ulrich Lehmann-Grube and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a two-firm, two-stage model of vertical product differentiation, I show that for every convex fixed-cost function of quality, the firm that chooses the higher quality at the first stage earns the higher profits. The result holds for the pure-strategy equilibrium in the simultaneous-quality game, and it holds as well if firms choose their qualities in sequential order.
Author : Matthias Helble
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (254 download)
Download or read book Heterogeneous Quality Firms And Trade Costs written by Matthias Helble and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jonas Häckner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Price and Quality written by Jonas Häckner and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Oliver Lorz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Trade and Variety in a Model of Endogenous Product Differentiation written by Oliver Lorz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper sets up a model of endogenous product differentiation to analyze the variety effects of international trade. In our model multi-product firms decide not only about the number of varieties they supply but also about the degree of horizontal differentiation between these varieties. Firms can raise the degree of differentiation by investing variety-specific fixed costs. In this setting, we analyze how trade integration, i.e. an increase in market size, influences the number of firms in the market, the number of product varieties supplied by each firm, and the degree of differentiation.
Author : Peter Herman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (117 download)
Download or read book The Short-run Effects of Product Differentiation on Trade written by Peter Herman and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Matthias Helble
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)
Download or read book Heterogeneous Quality Firms and Trade Costs written by Matthias Helble and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing empirical evidence that vertical product differentiation is an important determinant of international trade. However, the economic literature so far has solely focused on the case in which quality trade stems from differences between countries. No studies investigate the role of quality trade between similar economies. This paper first develops a simple theoretical trade model that includes vertical product differentiation in a heterogeneous-firm framework. The model yields three main predictions for trade between similar economies. First, exported goods are of higher quality than goods sold on the domestic market. Second, larger economies have on average higher export qualities compared with smaller economies. Third, with increasing trade costs higher quality goods are exchanged. For all three effects, strong empirical support is found using detailed export trade data of the United States and 15 European Union countries.
Author : Leonie L. Stone
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000524884
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)
Download or read book The Growth of Intra-Industry Trade written by Leonie L. Stone and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-10-28 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1997. The explosive growth of world trade in the last three decades is unparalleled in history, both due to the rapid increase in volume and to the change in the composition of trade. Historically, trade between nations has consisted largely of exchanges of products that were very different from each other, neither closely substitutable in consumption nor production processes. However, in this latest period of trade expansion, the majority of the increase in world trade has been in manufactured goods, many of which are highly substitutable differentiated products. This has led to growth in intra-industry trade, the cross-shipment of similar products. This study links increased shares of intra-industry trade with growth in newly-industrializing countries. To examine these questions, this study first gives a review of existing literature, both theoretical and empirical. Five hypotheses on intra-industry trade are then discussed. A model is then presented and estimated, using data on bilateral trade between the United States and its five major trading partners, Canada, Japan, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.
Author : Dominique Olie Lauga
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Product Positioning in a Two-Dimensional Vertical Differentiation Model written by Dominique Olie Lauga and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study a duopoly model where consumers are heterogeneous with respect to their willingness to pay for two product characteristics and marginal costs are increasing with the quality level chosen on each attribute. We show that while firms seek to manage competition through product positioning, their differentiation strategies critically depend on how costly it is to provide higher quality. When the cost of providing quality is not too high, firms use only one attribute to differentiate their products: they maximally differentiate on one dimension and minimally differentiate on the other dimension (a Max-Min equilibrium). Furthermore, they always differentiate along the dimension with the greater attribute range. As for the dimension with the smaller range and along which they agglomerate, both firms either choose the highest quality level or the lowest quality level possible, depending on whether the marginal costs of quality provision are low or intermediate, respectively. However, for larger quality provision costs, firms exploit both dimensions to differentiate their products. In particular, we characterize a maximal differentiation equilibrium in which one firm chooses the highest quality level on both attributes, while its rival offers the lowest quality level on both attributes (a Max-Max equilibrium). We discuss the managerial implications of our findings and explain how they enrich and qualify previous results reported in the literature on two-dimensional differentiation models.
Author : Frederick van Der Ploeg
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 148327036X
Total Pages : 649 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Advanced Lectures in Quantitative Economics written by Frederick van Der Ploeg and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Lectures in Quantitative Economics summarizes some of the efforts of a second-phase program for first-rate candidates with a Master's degree in economics who wish to continue with a doctoral degree in quantitative economics. This book is organized into three main topics—macroeconomics, microeconomics, and econometrics. This text specifically discusses the Neo-Keynesian macroeconomics in an open economy, international coordination of monetary policies under alternative exchange-rate regimes, and prospects for global trade imbalances. The post-war developments in labor economics, introduction to overlapping generation models, and measurement of expectations and direct tests of the REH are also elaborated. This monograph likewise covers the dynamic econometric modeling of decisions under uncertainty and fundamental bordered matrix of linear estimation. This publication is a good reference for students and specialists interested in quantitative economics.
Author : Xinghe Henry Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book A Note on the High-Quality Advantage in Vertical Differentiation Models written by Xinghe Henry Wang and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well established in vertical product differentiation models that the high-quality firm reaps a larger profit in a two-stage quality-price game as long as the cost of quality improvement is zero or is borne as fixed cost in the first stage quality choice. This note shows that the high-quality advantage may fail to hold if there is variable cost of production that is dependent on quality.
Author : Ludovico Alcorta
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198850115
Total Pages : 743 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)
Download or read book New Perspectives on Structural Change written by Ludovico Alcorta and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a comprehensive edited volume that outlines the historical roots and state-of-the-art debates on the role of structural change in the process of economic development, including both orthodox and heterodox perspectives and contributions from prominent scholars in this field.
Author : Kala Krishna
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (247 download)
Download or read book If at First You Don't Succeed-- written by Kala Krishna and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are higher quality niches seen as intrinsically more profitable in business circles? Why do high quality products sometimes have a low real price, while it is unusual to see low quality products with high real prices? Can markets have quality differentiation as well as quality bunching? In this paper we develop a new model of quality which explains such phenomena. Our model builds on the idea that even if a customer chooses to purchase a product, it may fail to deliver'. If a product fails to deliver, the customer may wish to choose some other product. A higher quality product has a higher probability of delivering. We model this as a three stage game where firms first choose whether to enter or not, then in the second stage choose their quality and in the last stage, their price. Our model has a number of interesting predictions. First, it suggests that in equilibrium, a wider range of price per unit of quality is to be found for high quality goods than for low quality ones. Second, it provides a theoretical reason for why high quality niches may be more profitable, supporting the common business school idea that the money is at the high end.' Third, it suggests that the nature of the fixed costs of establishing quality plays a critical role in determining when free entry could be consistent with the existence of profits and result in natural oligopolies' and when it would tend to eliminate all profits
Author : Luca Lambertini
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781781958315
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (583 download)
Download or read book The Economics of Vertically Differentiated Markets written by Luca Lambertini and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'This is a high-quality book on an important and central topic in the theory of industrial organisation. It is a cohesive and extremely well written volume which is destined to become a standard work on the subject.' - Mark Casson, University of Reading, UK This original new book offers a comprehensive and engaging perspective on the theory of vertical differentiation. It enables the reader to grasp the key concepts and effects that product quality has both on firms' behaviour and market structure, and the ways in which this relationship has evolved. With contributions from prominent figures in the field, the book investigates a number of important topics, such as the choice of the optimal product range, profit sharing, the existence of equilibrium in duopoly games, positional effects attached to status goods, international trade, collusion, advertising and the dynamics of capital accumulation for quality improvement and product innovation. Using both static and dynamic approaches, these aspects are assessed in relation to the manifold issues of regulation, competition policy and trade policy. Product differentiation and its influence on consumer behaviour and the performance of firms is a core topic in the existing literature in the fields of industrial organization, international trade and economic growth. This book will be an essential read for researchers, students and professional scholars working in these areas, especially those with an interest in antitrust regulation.
Author : Colin Hottman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book What is Firm Heterogeneity in Trade Models? written by Colin Hottman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We estimate a structural model of heterogeneous multiproduct firms to examine the sources of firm heterogeneity emphasized in the recent trade and macro literatures. Using Nielsen barcode data on prices and sales, we estimate elasticities of substitution within and between firms, and use the estimated model to recover unobserved qualities, marginal costs and markups. We find that variation in firm quality and product scope explains at least four fifths of the variation in firm sales. Most firms are well approximated by the monopolistic competition benchmark of constant markups, but the largest firms that account for most of aggregate sales depart substantially from this benchmark. Although the output of multiproduct firms is differentiated, cannibalization is quantitatively important for the largest firms. This imperfect substitutability of products within firms, and the fact that larger firms supply more products than smaller firms, implies that standard productivity measures are not independent of demand system assumptions and probably dramatically understate the relative productivity of the largest firms.
