Purity and Compromise in the Soviet Party-State

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Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 1498540635
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Purity and Compromise in the Soviet Party-State by : Daniel Stotland

Download or read book Purity and Compromise in the Soviet Party-State written by Daniel Stotland and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work offers new ways of conceptualizing the decision-making paradigm of the Soviet party-state that was defined by the persistent shortage of qualified manpower that afflicted the Russian elite. The traditional Russian problems of under administration, combined with the unique features of the Soviet political system, resulted in a dichotomy between practical and ideological demands. The WWII era, examined in this book, provides a microcosm of pressures facing the Kremlin and illustrates the cyclical nature of policy formation forced on it by the paradoxes of the system. As the party’s responsibilities expanded into specialized economic and military areas, political experts increasingly depended on the specialized professionals. These trends grew increased drastically during the war. An unexpected consequence of the party’s expansion into economic or military professions was the discovery that cooptation worked both ways and many party members become managers rather than ideological overseers. Throughout the existential crisis of the system—the war and its aftermath—the party would find itself in a fundamental conflict over its identity, challenged over its role both vis-a-vis the state and its own priorities. After an abortive attempt to reverse the wartime trends, a new paradigm was articulated by the party during the last five years of Stalin's reign. This resulted in the emergence of a new elite consensus which envisioned the party as integral and invasive economic actor. This shift in the party’s identity was the price of maintaining centralized political power and came at the expense of the focus on ideological purity. In the long term, however, the diminished role of ideology robbed the party of its core value system and steadily eroded its legitimizing and self-energizing power. Over time, the new consensus would undermine the very foundations of the party-state construct. Yet if the USSR was to survive as a modern, industrialized state, the accommodation with the technocrats was necessary. The contradiction between ideological and pragmatic aims was inherent to the system, and demanded an eventual choice between the long-term health of the state and that of the party.

Purity and Compromise in the Soviet Party-state

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781498540629
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Purity and Compromise in the Soviet Party-state by : Daniel Stotland

Download or read book Purity and Compromise in the Soviet Party-state written by Daniel Stotland and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the decision-making paradigm of the Soviet party-state during the Second World War and its aftermath. It analyzes the conflict among the political elite between practical and ideological demands and the emergence of a consensus in the immediate postwar period.

Kazakhstan in World War II

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Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 0700628258
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Kazakhstan in World War II by : Roberto J. Carmack

Download or read book Kazakhstan in World War II written by Roberto J. Carmack and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In July 1941, the Soviet Union was in mortal danger. Imperiled by the Nazi invasion and facing catastrophic losses, Stalin called on the Soviet people to “subordinate everything to the needs of the front.” Kazakhstan answered that call. Stalin had long sought to restructure Kazakh life to modernize the local population—but total mobilization during the war required new tactics and produced unique results. Kazakhstan in World War II analyzes these processes and their impact on the Kazakhs and the Soviet Union as a whole. The first English-language study of a non-Russian Soviet republic during World War II, the book explores how the war altered official policies toward the region’s ethnic groups—and accelerated Central Asia’s integration into Soviet institutions. World War II is widely recognized as a watershed for Russia and the Soviet Union—not only did the conflict legitimize prewar institutions and ideologies, it also provided a medium for integrating some groups and excluding others. Kazakhstan in World War II explains how these processes played out in the ethnically diverse and socially “backward” Kazakh republic. Roberto J. Carmack marshals a wealth of archival materials, official media sources, and personal memoirs to produce an in-depth examination of wartime ethnic policies in the Red Army, Soviet propaganda for non-Russian groups, economic strategies in the Central Asian periphery, and administrative practices toward deported groups. Bringing Kazakhstan’s previously neglected role in World War II to the fore, Carmack’s work fills an important gap in the region’s history and sheds new light on our understanding of Soviet identities.

Building Socialism

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009218891
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Building Socialism by : Yiannis Kokosalakis

Download or read book Building Socialism written by Yiannis Kokosalakis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By placing the party grassroots at the centre of its focus, Building Socialism presents an original account of the formative first two decades of the Soviet system. Assembled in a large network of primary party organisations (PPO), the Bolshevik rank-and-file was an army of activists made up of ordinary people. While far removed from the levers of power, they were nevertheless charged with promoting the Party's programme of revolutionary social transformation in their workplaces, neighbourhoods, and households. Their regular meetings, conferences and campaigns have generated a voluminous source base. This rich material provides a unique view of the practical manifestation of the Party's revolutionary mission and forms the basis of this insightful new narrative of how the Soviet republic functioned in the period from the end of the Russian Civil War in 1921 to its invasion by Nazi Germany in 1941.

Party Leadership under Stalin and Khrushchev

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498528392
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Party Leadership under Stalin and Khrushchev by : Jonathan Harris

Download or read book Party Leadership under Stalin and Khrushchev written by Jonathan Harris and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-09-15 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study demonstrates that the full time party officials of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) used the term “party leadership” to both disguise and signal their efforts to lead the Communists who manned the Soviet state. In 1946, Stalin had made the newly formed Council of Ministers of the USSR, led by its Bureau (Presidium) directly responsible for planning and administering the Soviet economy. As a result, the full time officials clashed constantly and publicly over the relative importance of their direct intervention in production as opposed to ideological education and personnel management in their efforts to provide “party leadership” of the state from 1946 until 1964. Zhdanov and Malenkov clashed over the issue until Zhdanov’s death in 1948 and Malenkov clashed with Khrushchev over the same issue from 1949 until Stalin’s death in 1953. This conflict became more explicit once Malenkov was named Chairman of the Council of Ministers and Khrushchev first secretary of the CC/CPSU in 1953 and continued until Malenkov’s ouster in 1955. Khrushchev clashed with Chairman Bulganin over the same issue from 1955 until 1958. Khrushchev’s decision to replace Bulganin as Chairman of the Council of Ministers not only complicated the discussion of party officials’ role but led to a series of extremely contradictory reforms. Khrushchev simultaneously bolstered party officials’ capacity to intervene directly in industrial production and strengthened the Council of Ministers’ control over the same process. The ensuring administrative confusion, when coupled with Khrushchev’s overt disdain for the ideological education of Communists helped to undermine his authority and led to the decision of his colleagues to oust him in 1964.

The Cold War [5 volumes]

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4179 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cold War [5 volumes] by : Spencer C. Tucker

Download or read book The Cold War [5 volumes] written by Spencer C. Tucker and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 4179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This sweeping reference work covers every aspect of the Cold War, from its ignition in the ashes of World War II, through the Berlin Wall and the Cuban Missile Crisis, to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Cold War superpower face-off between the Soviet Union and the United States dominated international affairs in the second half of the 20th century and still reverberates around the world today. This comprehensive and insightful multivolume set provides authoritative entries on all aspects of this world-changing event, including wars, new military technologies, diplomatic initiatives, espionage activities, important individuals and organizations, economic developments, societal and cultural events, and more. This expansive coverage provides readers with the necessary context to understand the many facets of this complex conflict. The work begins with a preface and introduction and then offers illuminating introductory essays on the origins and course of the Cold War, which are followed by some 1,500 entries on key individuals, wars, battles, weapons systems, diplomacy, politics, economics, and art and culture. Each entry has cross-references and a list of books for further reading. The text includes more than 100 key primary source documents, a detailed chronology, a glossary, and a selective bibliography. Numerous illustrations and maps are inset throughout to provide additional context to the material.

Ben Ali's Tunisia

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192868500
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Ben Ali's Tunisia by : Anne Wolf

Download or read book Ben Ali's Tunisia written by Anne Wolf and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a wealth of new primary data, this book offers the first account of the internal regime factors that ultimately caused the fall of Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali's long dictatorship in Tunisia during the Arab Uprisings. Anne Wolf's account challenges studies that focus on the role of mass mobilization alone, and demonstrates that in the last decade of Ben Ali's presidency, dissent within his ruling party - the Constitutional Democratic Rally - mounted to such an extent that followers began challenging their own powerbroker. The culmination of this was a secret coup d'état staged by regime figures against Ben Ali in January 2011, an event that has not previously been uncovered. Wolf proposes a new theory of power and contention within ruling parties in authoritarian regimes to explain how dictators seek to fortify their rule and foster party-political stability, but also when, why, and how they succumb to internal contention and with what effect.

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Europe

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198834268
Total Pages : 871 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Europe by : Grace Davie

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Europe written by Grace Davie and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 871 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative collection offers a detailed overview of religious ideas, structures, and institutions in the making of Europe. Written by leading scholars in the field, it demonstrates the enduring presence of lived and institutionalised religion in the social networks of identity, policy, and power over two millennia of European history.

The Secret History of Soviet Russia's Police State

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Author :
Publisher : Robinson
ISBN 13 : 147214239X
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (721 download)

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Book Synopsis The Secret History of Soviet Russia's Police State by : Martyn Whittock

Download or read book The Secret History of Soviet Russia's Police State written by Martyn Whittock and published by Robinson. This book was released on 2020-07-23 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: '[R]eadable and thoughtful . . . does an excellent job of exploring how the murderous political police in all its incarnations defined the Soviet Union, and left a poisonous legacy still with us today' Professor Mark Galeotti, author of The Vory and A Short History of Russia Repression, control, manipulation and elimination of enemies assisted in the establishment of the Soviet state, and helped maintain it in power, but could not, in the end, prevent its collapse. Citizens of the West have, for the most part, been told a very simplified story of the repressive 'totalitarian' state that was the USSR. In fact, it was sustained by more than just policing and force. No amount of revisionist history can erase the reality of millions controlled, imprisoned and killed, but there was much more to the USSR's one-party state than this. Whittock tells a more complex story of the combination of cruelty, co-operation and compromise required to build and run a one-party state. Much of this is the story of the role played by the secret police in creating and sustaining such a form of government, but it is much more than simply a 'history of the secret police'. This is because the 'police state' which emerged (in which dissent, both real and imaginary, was undoubtedly policed, threatened and ruthlessly eliminated) was more than just the product of the arrests, interrogations, executions and imprisonments carried out by the secret police. The USSR was also made possible by a battle for hearts and minds which led millions of people to feel that they really had benefited from the system and had a stake in the new society.

Soldiers on the Cultural Front

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Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824860780
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis Soldiers on the Cultural Front by : Tatiana Gabroussenko

Download or read book Soldiers on the Cultural Front written by Tatiana Gabroussenko and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of contemporary North Korea’s literature is virtually impossible without an investigation of its formative period, 1945–1960, which saw a gradual transformation from the initial "Soviet era" to a Korean version of "national Stalinism." This turbulent epoch established a long-lasting framework for North Korean literature and set up an elaborate system of political control over literary matters, as well as over the people who served in this field. In 1946 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) leader Kim Il Sung described the country’s writers as "soldiers on the cultural front," thus clearly defining what the nascent Communist regime expected from its intellectuals. As a result, many literary nonentities were rewarded with fame and success (often only to be relegated once again to obscurity within a few years) while many outstanding luminaries of the past were erased from the pages of official publications or even lost their lives. The Soviet cultural impact brought new tropes, artistic images, and rhetoric, which were quickly absorbed into the North Korean discourse. However, the cultural politics of the DPRK and the USSR revealed profound and irreconcilable disparities that were rooted in the different political conditions and traditions of each country. Soldiers on the Cultural Front presents the first consistent research on the early history of North Korea’s literature and literary policy in Western scholarship. It traces the introduction and development of Soviet-organized conventions in North Korean literary propaganda and investigates why the "romance with Moscow" was destined to be short lived. It reconstructs the biographies and worldviews of major personalities who shaped North Korean literature and teases these historical figures out of popular scholarly myth and misconception. The book also investigates the specific forms of control over intellectuals and literary matters in North Korea. Considering the unique phenomenon of North Korean literary critique, the author analyzes the political campaigns and purges of 1947–1960 and investigates the role of North Korean critics as "political executioners" in these events. She draws on an impressive variety and number of sources—ranging from interviews with Korean and Soviet participants, public and family archives, and memoirs to original literary and critical texts—to present a balanced and eye-opening work that will benefit those interested in not only understanding North Korean literature and society, but also rethinking forms of socialist modernity elsewhere in the world.

China, the United States, and the Soviet Union

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Author :
Publisher : M.E. Sharpe
ISBN 13 : 9780765641366
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (413 download)

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Book Synopsis China, the United States, and the Soviet Union by : Robert S. Ross

Download or read book China, the United States, and the Soviet Union written by Robert S. Ross and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 2015 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Cambridge History of Communism

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781107133549
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (335 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge History of Communism by : Norman Naimark

Download or read book The Cambridge History of Communism written by Norman Naimark and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-21 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume of The Cambridge History of Communism explores the rise of Communist states and movements after World War II. Leading experts analyze archival sources from formerly Communist states to re-examine the limits to Moscow's control of its satellites; the de-Stalinization of 1956; Communist reform movements; the rise and fall of the Sino-Soviet alliance; the growth of Communism in Asia, Africa and Latin America; and the effects of the Sino-Soviet split on world Communism. Chapters explore the cultures of Communism in the United States, Western Europe and China, and the conflicts engendered by nationalism and the continued need for support from Moscow. With the danger of a new Cold War developing between former and current Communist states and the West, this account of the roots, development and dissolution of the socialist bloc is essential reading.

Contemporary Russian Politics

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1509525181
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Russian Politics by : Neil Robinson

Download or read book Contemporary Russian Politics written by Neil Robinson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vladimir Putin’s return to the Kremlin for a fourth presidential term in 2018 has seen Russian democracy weaken further and Russia’s relations with the West deteriorate seriously. Yet, within Russia, Putin’s position remains unchallenged and his foreign policy battles have received widespread public support. But is Putin as safe as his approval ratings lead us to believe? And how secure is the regime that he heads? In this new book, Neil Robinson places contemporary Russian politics in historical perspective to argue that Putin’s regime has not overcome the problems that underpinned the momentous changes in twentieth-century Russian history when the country veered from tsarism to Soviet rule to post-communist chaos. The first part of the book, outlining why crises have been perennial problems for Russia, is followed by an exploration of contemporary Russian political institutions and policy to show how Putin has stabilised Russian politics. But, while Putin’s achievements as a politician have been considerable in strengthening his personal position, they have not dealt successfully with the enduring problem of the Russian state’s functionality. Like other Russian rulers, Putin has been much better at establishing a political system that supports his rule than he has at building up a state that can deliver material wealth and protection to the Russian people. As a result, Robinson argues, Russia has been and remains vulnerable to political crisis and regime change.

A Sacred Space Is Never Empty

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691197237
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis A Sacred Space Is Never Empty by : Victoria Smolkin

Download or read book A Sacred Space Is Never Empty written by Victoria Smolkin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-29 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Bolsheviks set out to build a new world in the wake of the Russian Revolution, they expected religion to die off. Soviet power used a variety of tools--from education to propaganda to terror—to turn its vision of a Communist world without religion into reality. Yet even with its monopoly on ideology and power, the Soviet Communist Party never succeeded in overcoming religion and creating an atheist society. A Sacred Space Is Never Empty presents the first history of Soviet atheism from the 1917 revolution to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Drawing on a wealth of archival material and in-depth interviews with those who were on the front lines of Communist ideological campaigns, Victoria Smolkin argues that to understand the Soviet experiment, we must make sense of Soviet atheism. Smolkin shows how atheism was reimagined as an alternative cosmology with its own set of positive beliefs, practices, and spiritual commitments. Through its engagements with religion, the Soviet leadership realized that removing religion from the "sacred spaces" of Soviet life was not enough. Then, in the final years of the Soviet experiment, Mikhail Gorbachev—in a stunning and unexpected reversal—abandoned atheism and reintroduced religion into Soviet public life. A Sacred Space Is Never Empty explores the meaning of atheism for religious life, for Communist ideology, and for Soviet politics.

Legal Reform in Post-Communist Europe

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Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9004640223
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal Reform in Post-Communist Europe by : Frankowski

Download or read book Legal Reform in Post-Communist Europe written by Frankowski and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2023-10-20 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents an effort to assess the unprecedented political, economic, and social reforms that have swept through Central and Eastern Europe in the five years since the collapse of Communism. The dismantling of the Warsaw Pact, the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, the Communist Party apparatus, and the various manifestations of the `nomenklatura' political control system have meant different things in different countries, but throughout the region we have witnessed a struggle to replace an authoritarian, one-party political system and a command economy with something resembling Western-style constitutional democracy and market economics. Accompanying this struggle have been attempts to transform the legal structure of these countries. It is no exaggeration to claim that lawyers, and particularly legal scholars, have played a central role in the struggle for reform in post-communist Europe. As conceived by its principal organizer and editor (Stanislaw Frankowski), this study gives these scholars an opportunity to express their perceptions of the success achieved to date and the work still remaining. A secondary goal is to expose a Western audience to the views and insights of legal scholars who have worked within the Central and Eastern European traditions. The four parts of this book reflect the principal areas in which legal reform seemed essential. First comes the reconstitutionalization of the societies in question, which means above all else the elimination of single-party politics and the notion of unity of powers. Then comes the creation of the legal institutions that would make possible a civil society under law. Then the institutions that moderate and control the uses of state power to discipline and punish persons that have transgressed the society's norms. Finally there is the question of how law reform had dealt with industrial democracy and the anticipated transformation of the workplace.

And God Created Lenin

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Author :
Publisher : Prometheus Books
ISBN 13 : 1615926704
Total Pages : 627 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (159 download)

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Book Synopsis And God Created Lenin by : Paul Gabel

Download or read book And God Created Lenin written by Paul Gabel and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2010-10-04 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bookexamines in depth the conflict between Lenin''s logic-driven efforts to stamp out religion and the churches'' passionate attempts to save themselves from obliteration. It looks at both sides objectively and admits that they both presented strong cases. In this thoroughly researched yet accessible study, historian Paul Gabel offers a new understanding of the only effort in world history to upset the universality of religion. Besides the main conflict between the Russian Orthodox Church and the atheist state, Gabel also considers the tensions that this campaign against religion caused within the Communist Party. In addition, he discusses the bitter hatred dividing the Orthodox factions that refused cooperation with the government from those that tried to adapt the church to communism. Was the failure of Soviet communism to eradicate religion simply a matter of practical miscalculation, or was this effort, in light of the persistence of religion throughout history, ultimately unrealistic and doomed from the start? This is the key question that Gabel''s fascinating, insightful narrative attempts to answer.

Sovereignty After Empire

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Sovereignty After Empire by : Galina Vasilevna Starovotova

Download or read book Sovereignty After Empire written by Galina Vasilevna Starovotova and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: