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Pulse Field Ionization Studies Of Ion Molecule Reaction Dynamics And Photodissociation Dynamics Using The Third Generation Synchrotron Radiation
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Book Synopsis Pulse-field Ionization Studies of Ion-molecule Reaction Dynamics and Photodissociation Dynamics Using the Third Generation Synchrotron Radiation by : Xiaonan Tang
Download or read book Pulse-field Ionization Studies of Ion-molecule Reaction Dynamics and Photodissociation Dynamics Using the Third Generation Synchrotron Radiation written by Xiaonan Tang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Study of State-Selected Ion-Molecule Reactions Using the Vacuum Ultraviolet Pulsed Field Ionization-Photoion Technique by :
Download or read book The Study of State-Selected Ion-Molecule Reactions Using the Vacuum Ultraviolet Pulsed Field Ionization-Photoion Technique written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents the methodology to generate beams of ions in single quantum states for bimolecular ion-molecule reaction dynamics studies using pulsed field ionization (PFI) of atoms or molecules in high-n Rydberg states produced by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) synchrotron or laser photoexcitation. Employing the pseudocontinuum high-resolution VUV synchrotron radiation at the Advanced Light Source as the photoionization source, PFI photoions (PFI-PIs) in selected rovibrational states have been generated for ion-molecule reaction studies using a fast-ion gate to pass the PFI-PIs at a fixed delay with respect to the detection of the PFI photoelectrons (PFI-PEs). The fast ion gate provided by a novel interleaved comb wire gate lens is the key for achieving the optimal signal-to-noise ratio in state-selected ion-molecule collision studies using the VUV synchrotron based PFI-PE secondary ion coincidence (PFI-PESICO) method. The most recent development of the VUV laser PFI-PI scheme for state-selected ion-molecule collision studies is also described. Absolute integral cross sections for state-selected H+2 ions ranging from v+=0 to 17 in collisions with Ar, Ne, and He at controlled translational energies have been obtained by employing the VUV synchrotron based PFI-PESICO scheme.
Book Synopsis Photoionization And Photodetachment (In 2 Parts) by : Cheuk-yiu Ng
Download or read book Photoionization And Photodetachment (In 2 Parts) written by Cheuk-yiu Ng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000-06-30 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Owing to the advances of vacuum ultraviolet and ultrafast lasers and third generation synchrotron sources, the research on photoionization, photoelectrons, and photodetachment has gained much vitality in recent years. These new light sources, together with ingenious experimental techniques, such as the coincidence imaging, molecular beam, pulsed field ionization photoelectron, mass-analyzed threshold ion, and pulsed field ion pair schemes, have allowed spectroscopic, dynamic, and energetic studies of gaseous species to a new level of detail and accuracy. Profitable applications of these methods to liquids are emerging.This invaluable two-volume review consists of twenty-two chapters, focusing on recent developments in photoionization and photodetachment studies of atoms; molecules, transient species, clusters, and liquids.
Book Synopsis Rovibrationally Selected Ion-molecule Reaction Studies Using the Vacuum Ultraviolet Laser Pulsed Field Ionization-photoion and Guided Ion Beam Methods by : Yuntao Xu
Download or read book Rovibrationally Selected Ion-molecule Reaction Studies Using the Vacuum Ultraviolet Laser Pulsed Field Ionization-photoion and Guided Ion Beam Methods written by Yuntao Xu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have successfully performed rovibrationally selected ion-molecule studies with translational energy in the center-of-mass (E(cm)) from thermal to 10 eV by implementing the Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser-based pulsed field ionization-photoion (PFI-PI) experimental technique with the newly developed double quadrupole-double octopole (DQDO) apparatus in our laboratory. A novel electric pulsing sequence has been developed to prepare ions of interests in single rovibrational states with not only with high intensity but also high translational energy resolution. An unprecedented translational energy resolution as low as 0.05 eV in the laboratory frame ([Delta]E(lab)) is achieved that allows us to investigate the effect rotational, vibrational and translational energy on the chemical reactivity of ion-molecule reactions. Using VUV-PFI-PI technique we show that N2+ ions can be selected in v+ vibrational states from v+ = 0-2 and in a particular N+ rotational levels from N+ = 0-9 at ground electronic state. Similarly, the triatomic H2O+ ions can be prepared in the v1+v2+v3+ = 000, 100 and 020 states and the N+(Ka+Kc+) = 000, 111, and 211 states, respectively, for rovibrationally selected ion-molecule reaction studies. Absolute integral cross sections ([delta]), as well as branching ratios, as a function of both internal ro-vibrational and translational energies of ions, are obtained for the ion-molecule reactions of N2+(X2[Sigma](g)+ ; v+ = 0-2; N+ = 0-9) + Ar/CH4 and H2O+(X2B1 ; v1+v2+v3+= 000; N+(Ka+Kc+)) + D2/CO. Many fascinating phenomena about chemical reaction dynamics are observed for the first time. These include vibrational enhancements in the charge-transfer cross sections of N2+(X2[Sigma]g+; v+; N+) + Ar [arrow right] Ar+ + N2, rotational enhancements in the chemical reactivity of H2O+(X2B1; v1+v2+v3+; N+(Ka+Kc+)) + D2 [arrow right]H2DO+ + D, and distinct activation thresholds in the reaction of H2O+(X2B1; v1+v2+v3+; N+(Ka+Kc+)) + CO [arrow right] CO+ + H2O. This kind of data is unique and it provides a database that serves as benchmarks for theoretical calculations and the modeling of related reaction systems.
Book Synopsis Photoionization and Photodetachment by : Cheuk-Yiu Ng
Download or read book Photoionization and Photodetachment written by Cheuk-Yiu Ng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 1415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Owing to the advances of vacuum ultraviolet and ultrafast lasers and third generation synchrotron sources, the research on photoionization, photoelectrons, and photodetachment has gained much vitality in recent years. These new light sources, together with ingenious experimental techniques, such as the coincidence imaging, molecular beam, pulsed field ionization photoelectron, mass-analyzed threshold ion, and pulsed field ion pair schemes, have allowed spectroscopic, dynamic, and energetic studies of gaseous species to a new level of detail and accuracy. Profitable applications of these methods to liquids are emerging.This invaluable two-volume review consists of twenty-two chapters, focusing on recent developments in photoionization and photodetachment studies of atoms; molecules, transient species, clusters, and liquids.
Book Synopsis Mass Analyzed Threshold Ionization-photoion with VUV Laser Pulsed Field Ionization and Guided Ion Beam Method Applied to the Study of State-selected Ion-molecule Reaction Dynamics by : Hong Xu
Download or read book Mass Analyzed Threshold Ionization-photoion with VUV Laser Pulsed Field Ionization and Guided Ion Beam Method Applied to the Study of State-selected Ion-molecule Reaction Dynamics written by Hong Xu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation covers four major chapters. In Chapter 1, a general introduction is given on the research methods of state-selected ion-molecule reaction dynamics including VUV generation, pulse field ionization, guided ion beam method, as well as mass analyzed threshold ionization (MATI). Chapter 2 presents the development of instruments construction for the study of state-selected ion-molecule reaction dynamics. Chapter 3 represents a VUV pulsed field ionization-photoelectron spectroscopic study of pyrazine (C6H4N2). The ionization energy was determined to be 74,906.6 ± 2.0 cm−1 (9.28728 ± 0.00025 eV). The PFI-PE spectrum of pyrazine exhibits well-resolved vibrational bands, which have been well characterized. In Chapter 4 the first rotationally resolved mass-analyzed-threshold (MATI) photoion spectra of N2(X2 [sigma][subscript g], v=0, 1) bands of nitrogen is reported with high resolution using the pulsed field ionization method. The rovibrational spectrum of N2+(X2 [sigma]+[subscript g], v+=0, 1) is analyzed. Absolute rovibrationally selected total cross sections for the charge transfer reaction N2+(X2 [sigma]+[subscript g], v+=0, 1) + Ar are measured.
Book Synopsis High-resolution Photoionization Studies Performed Utilizing Third-generation Synchrotron Radiation at the Advanced Light Source by : Matthew Duane Evans
Download or read book High-resolution Photoionization Studies Performed Utilizing Third-generation Synchrotron Radiation at the Advanced Light Source written by Matthew Duane Evans and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most exciting development has been coupling the traditionally laser based pulsed field ionization photoelectron (PFI-PE) technique with multibunch synchrotron radiation. Using the synchrotron based PFI-PE technique, rotationally resolved photoelectron spectra have been obtained for 02(b4[Sigma subscript g]−, v+), 02+(2 2[Pi subscript u], v+), 02 +(2[Sigma subscript u]−, v+), 02+(c4[Sigma subscript u]−, v+ = 0, 1), 02+(B4[Sigma subscript g]−, v+ = 0-7), and CO([Chi]2[Sigma]+, v+ = 0-42). Such spectra allowed the accurate determination of ionization energies and spectroscopic constants, as well as provided a means of studying photoionization dynamics in great detail. Predissociation lifetimes and the lifetimes of high-n Rydberg states have also been determined.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ion-electron Coincidence Studies of Femtosecond Dynamics Triggered by Extreme Ultraviolet Photoionization of Atoms and Molecules by : Seyyed Javad Robatjazi
Download or read book Ion-electron Coincidence Studies of Femtosecond Dynamics Triggered by Extreme Ultraviolet Photoionization of Atoms and Molecules written by Seyyed Javad Robatjazi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoelectron spectroscopy employing X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation is one of the most important experimental methods to study the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, and solids. Recent developments of XUV and X-ray sources with ultrashort pulse durations, like free-electron lasers (FELs) and high-order harmonics of infrared lasers, enabled combining this approach with a concept of a time-resolved measurement, where a pair of synchronized short light pulses is used to initiate and observe a physical or chemical process of interest. Among other advances, such combination turned out to be particularly useful for atomic physics and gas-phase femtochemistry, where femtosecond or even sub-femtosecond short-wavelength radiation can be used to trigger the dynamics in high-lying states previously inaccessible for time-resolved measurements and offers a variety of novel schemes to probe light-induced electronic and nuclear motion. One of the key challenges for time-domain studies employing short-pulsed radiation sources is that they are necessarily broadband and, thus, typically populate a broad range of atomic of molecular states. The main goal of this thesis is to develop an experimental approach that enables state-selective analysis of the dynamics induced by such broadband femtosecond pulses in the XUV domain, and to apply it to study several exemplary reactions in photoionized molecules. Since reducing the bandwidth of the XUV pulse would ultimately limit the achievable temporal resolution, in this work the challenge of state selectivity is addressed by employing photoelectron-photoion and photoion-photoion coincident measurements. In the experimental apparatus developed as a part of this thesis, a double-sided velocity map imaging (VMI) spectrometer for coincident detection of electrons and ions is combined with a femtosecond pump-probe setup that includes a near-infrared (NIR) laser and a fiber-based XUV source based on high-order harmonics generation. This instrument has been commissioned, characterized, and applied to several time-resolved experiments on atomic and molecular targets. More specifically, this thesis describes three different sets of experiments. First, a brief overview of several XUV-NIR pump-probe measurements addressing two-color single, double or triple ionization of atoms is presented. Here, the main focus is set on capturing generic characteristic features of the corresponding two-color signals, and on revealing physical mechanisms determining their "transient" or "steady" behavior with respect to the time delay between the XUV and NIR pulses. The second series of experiments focuses on exploring coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics in XUV-ionized CO2 molecule probed by the synchronized NIR pulse. This study, which constitutes the central part of the thesis, relies on the detection of the photoelectron that reveals which electronic state is initially populated, in coincidence with ionic fragments, which provide information on the specific dissociation channel of the molecular ion after the interaction with both pulses. Here, we observe signatures of an electron-hole wave packet motion near a conical intersection of two low-lying cationic states, trace rotational dynamics determined by the dependence of the state-specific XUV photoionization cross section on molecular orientation, and disentangle the contributions of individual states to different dissociation pathways. The third series of experiments aims at studying nuclear dynamics in XUV-ionized alcohol molecules, focusing on the channels involving ultrafast hydrogen motion. Here, ion mass spectrometry measurements on methanol and its deuterated isotopologue CH3OH and CD3OH show that, depending on a specific XUV wavelength, the formation of molecular hydrogen or trihydrogen cations can be either dominated by the channels combining the hydrogen from the oxygen site with one or two hydrogens from the methyl carbon, or by the ejections of all hydrogen atoms from the methyl group. Coincident electron spectra for specific ionic fragments enable linking these channels to the calculated dissociation pathways leading to H2+ or H3+ formation. Finally, we present the results of XUV-NIR pump-probe experiments on ethanol, where a transient enhancement of particular dissociation channels has been observed. The experimental methodology presented in this work can be readily extended to a broad range of molecular systems, including both, molecular ions and high-lying excited states of the neutral molecules. At the same time, highly-differential data on small polyatomic molecules like CO2, methanol, and ethanol presented here, can be used to benchmark theoretical models for XUV ionization of these prototypical systems, improving our general understanding of light-induced molecular dynamics.
Book Synopsis Photoionization and Photo-Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry by : Ralf Zimmermann
Download or read book Photoionization and Photo-Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry written by Ralf Zimmermann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive coverage of laser-induced ionization processes for mass spectrometry analysis Drawing on the expertise of the leading academic and industrial research groups involved in the development of photoionization methods for mass spectrometry, this reference for analytical scientists covers both the theory and current applications of photo-induced ionization processes. It places widely used techniques such as MALDI side by side with more specialist approaches such as REMPI and RIMS, and discusses leading edge developments in ultrashort laser pulse desorption, to give readers a complete picture of the state of the technology. Photoionization and Photo-Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry: Fundamentals and Applications starts with a complete overview of the fundamentals of the technique, covering the basics of the gas phase ionization as well as those of laser desorption and ablation, pulse photoionization, and single particle ionization. Numerous application examples from different analytical fields are described that showcase the power and the wide scope of photo ionization in mass spectrometry. -The first general reference book on photoionization techniques for mass spectrometry -Examines technologies and applications of gas phase resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry (REMPI-MS) and gas phase resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) -Provides complete coverage of popular techniques like MALDI -Discusses the current and potential applications of each technology, focusing on process and environmental analysis Photoionization and Photo-Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry: Fundamentals and Applications is an excellent book for spectroscopists, analytical chemists, photochemists, physical chemists, and laser specialists.
Book Synopsis Experimental Studies of Bimolecular Reaction Dynamics Using Pulsed Tabletop Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoionization Detection by : Daniel Russell Albert
Download or read book Experimental Studies of Bimolecular Reaction Dynamics Using Pulsed Tabletop Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoionization Detection written by Daniel Russell Albert and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development and application of pulsed photoionization detection employing high intensity vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) radiation produced by tabletop light sources has been utilized to study bimolecular reaction dynamics of phenyl radical reactions. This method employs four-wave mixing of unfocussed commercial nanosecond dye lasers in mercury vapor to generate light at 9.9 eV. Using two or three commercial pulsed nanosecond dye lasers pumped by a single 30 Hz Nd:YAG laser, generation of 0.10 mJ pulses at 125 nm (6 x 1013 photons/pulse) has been demonstrated. The VUV light source has been used as an alternative to the use of synchrotron light sources, for sensitive universal photoionization detection of products from crossed molecular beam reactions employing pulsed beam sources. In the reaction of phenyl radicals with molecular oxygen at collision energies of 64 and 97 kJ/mol, the reaction C6H5 + O2 [RIGHTWARDS ARROW] C6H5O + O was found to occur via the formation of long-lived phenylperoxy collision complexes at all collision energies. The reaction of phenyl radicals with propene has also been studied at collision energies of 84 and 108 kJ/mol. The branching ratios between methyl radical elimination, forming C8H8, and H-atom elimination, forming C9H10, were found to be 10:1 at 84 kJ/mol and 3:1 at 108 kJ/mol. By using "soft" vacuum ultraviolet photoionization at 9.9 eV for product detection, we were able to observe both product channels with negligible fragmentation. As a comparison the reaction of phenyl radicals with trans-2-butene has been studied at a collision energy of 97 kJ/mol. We only observe methyl elimination in the reaction with 2-butene and do not observe H-atom elimination.
Book Synopsis Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton and Single-photon Ionization of Molecules and Molecular Fragments. Final Report, May 1993--April 1997 by :
Download or read book Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton and Single-photon Ionization of Molecules and Molecular Fragments. Final Report, May 1993--April 1997 written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) utilizes pulsed laser radiation to prepare a molecule in an excited state via absorption of one or more photons and to subsequently ionize that level before it decays. A remarkable feature of REMPI is that the very narrow bandwidth of laser radiation makes it possible to select a specific rotational level in the initial (ground) state and to prepare the excited state of interest in a single rotational level. Thus, by suitable choice of the excitation step, it is possible to selectively ionize a species that may be present. The key objective of the effort is to carry out quantitative studies of REMPI of molecules and molecular fragments, as well as of single-photon ionization of these species by coherent VUV radiation, in order to provide a robust description of significant spectral features of interest in related experiments and needed insight into the underlying dynamics of these spectra. A major focus of the effort is joint theoretical and experimental studies of these ion rotational distributions which are being widely studied by the zero-kinetic-energy (ZEKE) technique. This technique, which is based on the detection of photoelectrons resulting from pulsed-field ionization of very high Rydberg states lying just below an ion threshold, makes it possible to obtain cation distributions with subwavenumber resolution. The unprecedented resolution of this ZEKE technique is opening up entirely new vistas in studies of photoionization dynamics, ion spectroscopy, and state-selected ion-molecule reactions. Emerging applications built on the ultra-high resolution of this technique include its use for accurate determination of thermochemically important ionization energies, for characterization of ion rovibrational level structure of large organic molecules, of elemental clusters, and of weakly bound molecular complexes, for probing reactive fragments, and for pump-probe photoelectron studies of wavepacket dynamics. This surge of experimental activity in ultra-high resolution studies of molecular photoelectron spectra continues to raise new theoretical challenges and has provided the stimulus for several of the collaborations with experimental groups in North America and Europe.
Book Synopsis High-Resolution State-Selected Ion-Molecule Reaction Studies Using Pulsed Field Ionization Photoelectron-Secondary Ion Coincidence Method by :
Download or read book High-Resolution State-Selected Ion-Molecule Reaction Studies Using Pulsed Field Ionization Photoelectron-Secondary Ion Coincidence Method written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have developed an octopole-quadrupole photoionization apparatus at the Advanced Light Source for absolute integral cross-section measurements of rovibrational-state-selected ion-molecule reactions. This apparatus consists of a high-resolution photoionization ion source, a wired ion gate lens, a dual radio-frequency (rf) octopole ion guide reaction gas cell, and a quadrupole mass spectrometer for reactant and product ion detection. The unique feature of this apparatus is the implementation of the high-resolution pulsed field ionization- photoelectron (PFI-PE)-photoion coincidence (PFI-PEPICO) technique, which has allowed the rotational-state selection of diatomic ions for ion-molecule reaction studies. The novel application of the wired ion gate lens for the rejection of false coincidence background ions is described. This application, along with the differential-ion-gate scheme, has made possible the measurements of rovibrational-state- selected absolute integral reaction cross sections for ion-molecule collisions using the PFI-PE-secondary ion coincidence (PFI-PESICO) method.
Book Synopsis Reactivity of Highly Excited Diatomic Ions in Hypersonic Nonequilibrium Flow Conditions by :
Download or read book Reactivity of Highly Excited Diatomic Ions in Hypersonic Nonequilibrium Flow Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During this funding cycle, we have constructed and successfully integrated a state-of-the-art guided-ion beam mass spectrometer into the high-resolution photoion-photoelectron apparatus (Endstation 2) of the Chemical Dynamics Beamline at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) for the study of ion-molecule reaction dynamics. Preliminary tests on the performance of this guided-ion beam mass spectrometer have been made, indicating that the ion-molecule reactio photoionization apparatus is performing well. We have also obtained preliminary results on the collision-induced dissociation (CID) and charge transfer (CT) cross sections for the reactions of O2 + (v + = 0-3) + Ar. We have also completed the analysis of the rotationally resolved pulsed field ionization (PFI)-photoelectron (PFI-PE) spectra for the formation of O2+(X2II3/2, 1/2g; v + =0-38), O2+(a4II5/2,3/2,1/2,-1/2u), O2+(A2113/2,1/2u, v+ =0-12), NO+(X'E+, v+ =0-32), and NO+(A'E-, v+ =0-17). The information thus obtained about these states will be needed for ion internal state-selections of O2 + and NO +. A synchrotron-based PFI-photoion (PFI-PI) detection scheme was demonstrated for rovibronic-state selection of 112+. This method is equivalent to the PFI-PE-photoion coincidence (PFI-PEPICO) method and is potentially useful for internal state-selection of reactant ions. In order for this PFI-PI scheme to be applicable to state-selections of heavier ions, such as O2 +, N2 +, and NO +, it is necessary to increase the dark gap of the synchrotron ring period to = 1 us. This can be accomplished by using a slotted chopper wheel to chop the synchrotron beam. Using an electron impact ionization source, we have also examined the CID and CT channels of the O2+(X2113/1,1/2g;v+) + Ar (Ne) reactions.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 1158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Directory of Graduate Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faculties, publications and doctoral theses in departments or divisions of chemistry, chemical engineering, biochemistry and pharmaceutical and/or medicinal chemistry at universities in the United States and Canada.
