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Public Policy And College Access
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Book Synopsis Public Policy and Higher Education by : Edward P. St. John
Download or read book Public Policy and Higher Education written by Edward P. St. John and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid changing economic and social contexts, radical changes have occurred in public higher education policies over the past three decades. Public Policy and Higher Educationprovides readers with new ways to analyze these complex state policies and offers the tools to examine how policies affect students’ access and success in college. Rather than arguing for a single approach, the authors examine how policymakers and higher education administrators can work to inform and influence change within systems of higher education using research-based evidence along with consideration of political and historical values and beliefs. Special Features: Case Studies—allow readers to examine strategies used by different types of colleges to improve access and retention. Reflective Exercises—encourage readers to discuss state and campus context for policy decisions and to think about the strategies used in a state or institution. Approachable Explanations—unpack complex public policies and financial strategies for readers who seek understanding of public policy in higher education. Research-Based Recommendations—explore how policymakers, higher education administrators and faculty can work together to improve quality, diversity, and financial stewardship. This textbook is an invaluable resource for graduate students, administrators, policymakers, and researchers who seek to learn more about the crucial contexts underlying policy decisions and college access.
Book Synopsis Public Policy and Higher Education by : Edward P. St. John
Download or read book Public Policy and Higher Education written by Edward P. St. John and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public Policy and Higher Education provides readers with new ways to analyze complex state policies and offers the tools to examine how policies affect students’ access and success in college. Rather than arguing for a single approach, the authors examine how policymakers and higher education administrators can work to inform and influence change within systems of higher education using research-based evidence along with consideration of political and historical values and beliefs. Raising new questions and examining recent developments, this updated edition is an invaluable resource for graduate students, administrators, policymakers, and researchers who seek to learn more about the crucial contexts underlying policy decisions and college access. Special Features: Case Studies—allow readers to examine strategies used by different types of colleges to improve access and retention. Reflective Exercises—encourage readers to discuss state and campus context for policy decisions and to think about the strategies used in a state or institution. Approachable Explanations—unpack complex public policies and financial strategies for readers who seek understanding of public policy in higher education. Research-Based Recommendations—explore how policymakers, higher education administrators, and faculty can work together to improve quality, diversity, and financial stewardship. New epilogues and a revised Part III—reexamine themes and encourage critical thinking about inequality and policy change
Book Synopsis The State of College Access and Completion by : Laura W. Perna
Download or read book The State of College Access and Completion written by Laura W. Perna and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite decades of substantial investments by the federal government, state governments, colleges and universities, and private foundations, students from low-income families as well as racial and ethnic minority groups continue to have substantially lower levels of postsecondary educational attainment than individuals from other groups. The State of College Access and Completion draws together leading researchers nationwide to summarize the state of college access and success and to provide recommendations for how institutional leaders and policymakers can effectively improve the entire spectrum of college access and completion. Springboarding from a seminar series organized by the Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance, chapter authors explore what is known and not known from existing research about how to improve student success. This much-needed book calls explicit attention to the state of college access and success not only for traditional college-age students, but also for the substantial and growing number of "nontraditional" students. Describing trends in various outcomes along the pathway from college access to completion, this volume documents persisting gaps in outcomes based on students’ demographic characteristics and offers recommendations for strategies to raise student attainment. Graduate students, scholars, and researchers in higher education will find The State of College Access and Completion to be an important and timely resource.
Book Synopsis The Role of State Policy in Promoting College Access and Success by : Michael K. McLendon
Download or read book The Role of State Policy in Promoting College Access and Success written by Michael K. McLendon and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 2014-08-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today more than ever, higher education is profoundly important to the prosperity of U.S. society. It is increasingly required for jobs; produces higher earnings, which spurs economic growth; and encourages civic engagement, which strengthens the foundation of democracy. Although the benefits are clear, educational attainment in the United States has stalled. The United States trails its peers substantially, limiting its international competitiveness, and educational disparity exists across socioeconomic groups within the United States, furthering inequality of many kinds. The key to reversing this trend lies in policy innovations within higher education. This volume of The ANNALS offers theoretically grounded empirical analysis of the impact of public policy on higher education. The collection of articles examines the effects of state policy on student readiness for, participation in, and completion of college, in addition to college affordability. The authors also identify theoretical and methodological approaches for future research to help improve policies and higher education attainment in the states.
Book Synopsis After Admission by : James E. Rosenbaum
Download or read book After Admission written by James E. Rosenbaum and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2007-01-04 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enrollment at America's community colleges has exploded in recent years, with five times as many entering students today as in 1965. However, most community college students do not graduate; many earn no credits and may leave school with no more advantages in the labor market than if they had never attended. Experts disagree over the reason for community colleges' mixed record. Is it that the students in these schools are under-prepared and ill-equipped for the academic rigors of college? Are the colleges themselves not adapting to keep up with the needs of the new kinds of students they are enrolling? In After Admission, James Rosenbaum, Regina Deil-Amen, and Ann Person weigh in on this debate with a close look at this important trend in American higher education. After Admission compares community colleges with private occupational colleges that offer accredited associates degrees. The authors examine how these different types of institutions reach out to students, teach them social and cultural skills valued in the labor market, and encourage them to complete a degree. Rosenbaum, Deil-Amen, and Person find that community colleges are suffering from a kind of identity crisis as they face the inherent complexities of guiding their students towards four-year colleges or to providing them with vocational skills to support a move directly into the labor market. This confusion creates administrative difficulties and problems allocating resources. However, these contradictions do not have to pose problems for students. After Admission shows that when colleges present students with clear pathways, students can effectively navigate the system in a way that fits their needs. The occupational colleges the authors studied employed close monitoring of student progress, regular meetings with advisors and peer cohorts, and structured plans for helping students meet career goals in a timely fashion. These procedures helped keep students on track and, the authors suggest, could have the same effect if implemented at community colleges. As college access grows in America, institutions must adapt to meet the needs of a new generation of students. After Admission highlights organizational innovations that can help guide students more effectively through higher education.
Book Synopsis Breaking Through the Access Barrier by : Edward P. St. John
Download or read book Breaking Through the Access Barrier written by Edward P. St. John and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-10-18 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breaking Through the Access Barrier argues that the policies designed to address inequalities in college access are failing to address underlying issues of inequality. This book introduces academic capital formation (ACF), a groundbreaking new theory defined by family knowledge of educational options and the opportunities for pursuing them. The authors suggest focusing on intervention programs and public policy to promote improvement in academic preparation, college information, and student aid. This textbook offers: a new construct–academic capital–that integrates and draws upon existing literature on influencing access to college practical advice for better preparation and intervention real student outcomes, databases, and interviews taken from exemplary intervention programs empirical research illuminating the role of class reproduction in education and how interventions (financial, academic, and networking) can reduce student barriers quantitative and qualitative analysis of the importance and effectiveness of several major policy interventions. Written for courses on higher education policy and policy analysis, readers will find Breaking Through the Access Barrier offers valuable advice for working within new policy frameworks and reshaping the future of educational opportunities and access for under-represented students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Book Synopsis The States and Public Higher Education Policy by : Donald E. Heller
Download or read book The States and Public Higher Education Policy written by Donald E. Heller and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Affordability, access, and accountability have long been among the central challenges facing higher education—and they remain so today. Here, Donald E. Heller and other higher education scholars and practitioners explore the current debates surrounding these key issues. As students and their families struggle to meet rising tuition prices, and as state funding for higher education dwindles, policymakers confront issues of affordability within state and institutional budgets. Changing demographics and challenges to affirmative action complicate the admissions process even as colleges and universities seek to diversify enrollments. And issues of institutional accountability have forced the restructuring of higher education governing boards and a reexamination of the role of public trustees in governance. This collection analyzes how issues of affordability, access, and accountability influence the way in which state governments approach, monitor, and set public higher education policy. The contributors examine the latest research on pressing challenges, explore how states are coping with these challenges, and consider what the future holds for public postsecondary education in the United States.
Book Synopsis Public Policy and College Access by : Edward P. St. John
Download or read book Public Policy and College Access written by Edward P. St. John and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 19 of Readings on Equal Education takes a hard look at the impact of state and federal policies on college access. Since passage of the Higher Education Act of 1965, differences in access for low-income and middle-income families have been an important issue. This volume suggests a new approach to policy research on college access and provides information on the impact of federal and state financial and school reform policies. Statistics (NCES) studies and expose the serious errors made in these studies. These chapters show how the errors were made, consider the implications for federal higher education policy, demonstrate the critical need for a reanalysis of the NCES databases, and reanalyze the access challenge using NCES databases. Section II examines changes in the state role in promoting access to higher education. Articles focus on the impact of change in state policies on state student grant programs, academic preparation, and postsecondary encouragement.
Book Synopsis Who Should Pay? by : Natasha Quadlin
Download or read book Who Should Pay? written by Natasha Quadlin and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2022-01-14 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans now obtain college degrees at a higher rate than at any time in recent decades in the hopes of improving their career prospects. At the same time, the rising costs of an undergraduate education have increased dramatically, forcing students and families to take out often unmanageable levels of student debt. The cumulative amount of student debt reached nearly $1.5 trillion in 2017, and calls for student loan forgiveness have gained momentum. Yet public policy to address college affordability has been mixed. While some policymakers support more public funding to broaden educational access, others oppose this expansion. Noting that public opinion often shapes public policy, sociologists Natasha Quadlin and Brian Powell examine public opinion on who should shoulder the increasing costs of higher education and why. Who Should Pay? draws on a decade’s worth of public opinion surveys analyzing public attitudes about whether parents, students, or the government should be primarily responsible for funding higher education. Quadlin and Powell find that between 2010 and 2019, public opinion has shifted dramatically in favor of more government funding. In 2010, Americans overwhelming believed that parents and students were responsible for the costs of higher education. Less than a decade later, the percentage of Americans who believed that federal or state/local government should be the primary financial contributor has more than doubled. The authors contend that the rapidity of this change may be due to the effects of the 2008 financial crisis and the growing awareness of the social and economic costs of high levels of student debt. Quadlin and Powell also find increased public endorsement of shared responsibility between individuals and the government in paying for higher education. The authors additionally examine attitudes on the accessibility of college for all, whether higher education at public universities should be free, and whether college is worth the costs. Quadlin and Powell also explore why Americans hold these beliefs. They identify individualistic and collectivist world views that shape public perspectives on the questions of funding, accessibility, and worthiness of college. Those with more individualistic orientations believed parents and students should pay for college, and that if students want to attend college, then they should work hard and find ways to achieve their goals. Those with collectivist orientations believed in a model of shared responsibility – one in which the government takes a greater level of responsibility for funding education while acknowledging the social and economic barriers to obtaining a college degree for many students. The authors find that these belief systems differ among socio-demographic groups and that bias – sometimes unconscious and sometimes deliberate – regarding race and class affects responses from both individualistic and collectivist-oriented participants. Public opinion is typically very slow to change. Yet Who Should Pay? provides an illuminating account of just how quickly public opinion has shifted regarding the responsibility of paying for a college education and its implications for future generations of students.
Book Synopsis College Choice and Access to College by : Amy A. Bergerson
Download or read book College Choice and Access to College written by Amy A. Bergerson and published by Jossey-Bass. This book was released on 2009 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faced with continuing racial and social stratification, higher education institutions seek ways to increase access to the postsecondary education environment for increasingly diverse student populations in the United States. Attention to the preparation of students for college, changes in policies addressing financial aid and the K-20 schooling environment, and movement away from comprehensive models of college choice are characteristics of recent research examining the ways students from different backgrounds determine whether or where to go to college. This volume explores the nuances of the college choice process, focusing specifically on the experiences of students of color and students from lower socieconomic backgrounds, summarizing the extensive body of literature that shapes practice, policy, and research around college choice. This is the fourth issue in the 35th volume of the Jossey-Bass series ASHE Higher Education Report. Each monograph in the series is the definitive analysis of a tough higher education problem, based on thorough research of pertinent literature and institutional experiences. Topics are identified by a national survey. Noted practitioners and scholars are then commissioned to write the reports, with experts providing critical reviews of each manuscript before publication.
Book Synopsis Making College Work by : Harry J. Holzer
Download or read book Making College Work written by Harry J. Holzer and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical solutions for improving higher education opportunities for disadvantaged students Too many disadvantaged college students in America do not complete their coursework or receive any college credential, while others earn degrees or certificates with little labor market value. Large numbers of these students also struggle to pay for college, and some incur debts that they have difficulty repaying. The authors provide a new review of the causes of these problems and offer promising policy solutions. The circumstances affecting disadvantaged students stem both from issues on the individual side, such as weak academic preparation and financial pressures, and from institutional failures. Low-income students disproportionately attend schools that are underfunded and have weak performance incentives, contributing to unsatisfactory outcomes for many students. Some solutions, including better financial aid or academic supports, target individual students. Other solutions, such as stronger linkages between coursework and the labor market and more structured paths through the curriculum, are aimed at institutional reforms. All students, and particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds, also need better and varied pathways both to college and directly to the job market, beginning in high school. We can improve college outcomes, but must also acknowledge that we must make hard choices and face difficult tradeoffs in the process. While no single policy is guaranteed to greatly improve college and career outcomes, implementing a number of evidence-based policies and programs together has the potential to improve these outcomes substantially.
Book Synopsis The Role of State Policy in Promoting College Access and Success by : Michael K. McLendon
Download or read book The Role of State Policy in Promoting College Access and Success written by Michael K. McLendon and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 2014-08-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today more than ever, higher education is profoundly important to the prosperity of U.S. society. It is increasingly required for jobs; produces higher earnings, which spurs economic growth; and encourages civic engagement, which strengthens the foundation of democracy. Although the benefits are clear, educational attainment in the United States has stalled. The United States trails its peers substantially, limiting its international competitiveness, and educational disparity exists across socioeconomic groups within the United States, furthering inequality of many kinds. The key to reversing this trend lies in policy innovations within higher education. This volume of The ANNALS offers theoretically grounded empirical analysis of the impact of public policy on higher education. The collection of articles examines the effects of state policy on student readiness for, participation in, and completion of college, in addition to college affordability. The authors also identify theoretical and methodological approaches for future research to help improve policies and higher education attainment in the states.
Book Synopsis College Access by : Michael S. McPherson
Download or read book College Access written by Michael S. McPherson and published by . This book was released on 2006-10-03 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael S. McPherson is president of The Spencer Foundation in Chicago, a foundation that researches how education can be improved. He is a former president of Macalester College in Minnesota. A nationally known economist who focuses on the interplay between education and economics, McPherson is the coauthor of "Economic Analyses and Moral Philosophy." Morton Owen Schapiro has been president of Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts, since 2000. An authority on the economics of higher education, he has written more than 50 articles and has coauthored five books with Michael McPherson, including "The Student Aid Game "and "Keeping College Affordable." America is often seen as a land of golden opportunity, but for many young people the statistics on college enrollment paint a different picture: Students from low-income families are less likely to graduate from high school and go on to college, and low-income students who do attend a post-secondary institution are most likely to enroll in public community college rather than an elite school. "College Access": "Opportunity or Privilege?" addresses the problem of unequal educational opportunity in the U.S. through essays and studies detailing the disadvantages of our country's low-income students. Back by quantitative data and expert analyses, "College Access" highlights the underlying problems while presenting opportunities for positive change. The authors, analysts of higher education and economic policy, discuss various models colleges can use to educate low-income students and argue that it is imperative to give these students full access to high cost colleges as well as low cost ones in order for the country to remain globally competitive. "Michael McPherson and Morton Owen Schapiro have been joined by sixteen other scholars to produce an important and useful book that presents an integrated, data-rich view of the realities and issues regarding access to higher education in America. It considers three sweeping themes: the future of affirmative action in admissions, the financial and educational issues regarding college attendance by low-income students, and policy recommendations to improve college attendance by low-income level students. It is of great importance to policymakers and educational leaders."--Charles M. Vest, Professor and President Emeritus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology "Michael McPherson and Morton Owen Schapiro have been joined by sixteen other scholars to produce an important and useful book that presents an integrated, data-rich view of the realities and issues regarding access to higher education in America. It considers three sweeping themes: the future of affirmative action in admissions, the financial and educational issues regarding college attendance by low-income students, and policy recommendations to improve college attendance by low-income level students. It is of great importance to policymakers and educational leaders."--Charles M. Vest, Professor and President Emeritus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology "This book shines important new light on the issue of economic inequality in postsecondary education in the United States. But of equal importance, it shows practical ways for effectively tackling this devastating national problem. I hope it will serve as a spur for us to build the coalition that is needed to bring real change."--Bob Wise, President, Alliance for Excellent Education, and former Governor of West Virginia "Building on the contributions of the book "Excellence and Equity in American Higher Education," "College "takes an important next step toward achieving access to college for low-income students. It gives us a comprehensive and nuanced look at the institutional, political, and societal factors creating inequality in our higher education system. This is a great book and a valuable guide, not only for all those working to expand educational opportunity in this country, but for anyone interested in social science."--Lester Monts, Senior Vice Provost for Academic Affairs, University of Michigan "Michael McPherson and Morton Schapiro are uniquely positioned to shed light on the distressing and persistent inequalities in educational opportunity in the United States. They and the impressive group of co-authors provide invaluable background and insights into the barriers facing low- and moderate-income students. This book will strengthen the efforts of policymakers, higher education professionals, researchers, and student advocates whose partnership is required to develop constructive solutions to these pressing social problems."--Sandy Baum, Professor of Economics, Skidmore College
Book Synopsis Beyond College Access by : Sherell D. Wilson
Download or read book Beyond College Access written by Sherell D. Wilson and published by Palmetto Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This novel resource was written for educators and educational leaders, empowering them to meet the needs of traditionally underserved students, from acceptance to commencement and beyond. If you are committed to helping all students succeed in college, this book is for you. Using a three-pillar system informed by insights and research, Dr. Sherell Wilson's high-quality, solutions-focused, professional learning guide and workbook for schools, colleges, universities, and education nonprofits provides a research-informed model to improve outcomes and success for underserved college students. Only about 60 percent of students who enroll in college earn a degree within eight years, and that rate is significantly lower for racial and ethnic minority students and low-income students. Without the same equitable resources as their academic peers, these students often find it easier to simply transfer or drop out. The solution is not more outreach or support programs. Instead, the college experience itself must be fundamentally reevaluated for an increasingly diverse student population, and reshaped to address the deeper roots of the continuing lack of success. Understanding a student's motivation to continue college enrollment requires learning the key influences on their educational decision-making. Educational leaders need a reliable method that better identifies, measures, and structures student achievement for diverse learner populations in a practical way. Dr. Wilson addresses the many challenges by using a multifaceted and comprehensive approach. As part of a solid strategy to inspire, inform, and empower educational leaders, the book addresses three main concepts called pillars: enabling successful student transitions, promoting student growth and development, and enhancing student motivation to persist. Each pillar is divided into two parts: to examine and understand (guide) and to explore and develop (workbook). It is an eminently practical and engaging book that includes a wealth of resources and activities, enhanced by students telling of their own experiences. Online bonus resources include a members-only community and more.
Book Synopsis The College Aid Quandary by : Lawrence Gladieux
Download or read book The College Aid Quandary written by Lawrence Gladieux and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year, millions of American families struggle with the expense of higher education. For the past fifty years, the U.S. government has helped students and families pay for college; but with the entire domestic policy agenda in flux, federal aid to education hangs in the balance. This book analyzes government policies for helping students pay for education beyond high school. It is being published at a time when aid to education is a prominent issue in battles over the federal budget and policymakers are debating the need for and effectiveness of federal student assistance programs. Starting with the post-World War II GI Bill, the book reviews the 50-year history of federal student aid legislation, assesses the results, and identifies trends and problems that cloud the future of this critically important national effort. The authors draw on the thinking of the country's top experts in examining the rationale and structure of the student aid system and how it might more effectively expand college opportunities while ensuring educational quality. Their analysis encourages policymakers to consider the multiple objectives of government aid—not just getting more students into college, but promoting student success and degree completion. The book offers a framework for future policy debates aimed at improving a system vital to America's economic future and its continued promise of opportunity. Copublished with the College Board / Dialogue on Public Policy
Book Synopsis Economic Inequality and Higher Education by : Stacy Dickert-Conlin
Download or read book Economic Inequality and Higher Education written by Stacy Dickert-Conlin and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2007-06-21 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast disparities in college attendance and graduation rates between students from different class backgrounds is a growing social concern. Economic Inequality and Higher Education investigates the connection between income inequality and unequal access to higher education, and proposes solutions that the state and federal governments and schools themselves can undertake to make college accessible to students from all backgrounds. Economic Inequality and Higher Education convenes experts from the fields of education, economics, and public policy to assess the barriers that prevent low-income students from completing college. For many students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds, the challenge isn't getting into college, but getting out with a degree. Helping this group will require improving the quality of education in the community colleges and lower-tier public universities they are most likely to attend. Documenting the extensive disjuncture between the content of state-mandated high school testing and college placement exams, Michael Kirst calls for greater alignment between K-12 and college education. Amanda Pallais and Sarah Turner examine barriers to access at elite universities for low-income students—including tuition costs, lack of information, and poor high school records—as well as recent initiatives to increase socioeconomic diversity at private and public universities. Top private universities have increased the level and transparency of financial aid, while elite public universities have focused on outreach, mentoring, and counseling, and both sets of reforms show signs of success. Ron Ehrenberg notes that financial aid policies in both public and private universities have recently shifted towards merit-based aid, away from the need-based aid that is most helpful to low-income students. Ehrenberg calls on government policy makers to create incentives for colleges to increase their representation of low-income students. Higher education is often vaunted as the primary engine of upward mobility. Instead, as inequality in America rises, colleges may be reproducing income disparities from one generation to the next. Economic Inequality and Higher Education illuminates this worrisome trend and suggests reforms that educational institutions and the government must implement to make the dream of a college degree a reality for all motivated students.
Book Synopsis Reconceptualizing Access in Postsecondary Education and Its Ramifications for Data Systems by : Policy Panel on Access (U.S.)
Download or read book Reconceptualizing Access in Postsecondary Education and Its Ramifications for Data Systems written by Policy Panel on Access (U.S.) and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
