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Protocol For Detection And Classification Of Buried Landmines Using Infrared Imaging
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Book Synopsis Protocol for Detection and Classification of Buried Landmines Using Infrared Imaging by : Mohammed Hussein Baydoun
Download or read book Protocol for Detection and Classification of Buried Landmines Using Infrared Imaging written by Mohammed Hussein Baydoun and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landmines are a worldwide problem and their detection is an active field of rese arch whether the mines were metallic or not. Infrared imaging is considered as t he best single sensor used to detect shallow buried landmines. The strength of I R imaging is due to the existence of the thermal signature of the buried object at the soil surface due to the different temperature variations induced by burie d objects. We aim at building a protocol for detecting and classifying buried landmines. Fo r this purpose, we apply image processing techniques on IR images due to the the rmal signature property of buried objects in general and landmines in particular . The work focuses on one type of landmines but can be easily extended. In the demining field, it is established that one indicator is not enough but ra ther a system of multiple sensors fused together is a must to achieve a capable system. Thus, the IR imaging system is combined with a direct normal vision algo rithm to remove surface laid objects. Also, it is enhanced using different scena rios that include water spraying with the day and night scenarios. A special setup which consists of a soil bed with different sensors and a weathe r station is prepared to obtain necessary data whether IR images or any variable like specific temperatures or radiations. This is an outdoor but not a field se tup and it is based on an indoor soil bed previously prepared according to (Kabb ani 2005) and (Khalid 2005). The different experimental data is compared with a three dimensional numerical model developed by (Saleh 2004). The three dimension al model is reduced into a one dimensional one for speeding the process and that model is enhanced to match the three dimensional model with a reduction of erro r up to 60%. Furthermore, two databases of synthetic thermal signatures based on the numerica l simulation data are constructed to achieve mine classification. The first data base is small and restricted to the soil type used in experimentation with 240 r ecords while the second one is large and extends to 473 soil types in the vicini ty of the soil type used. Only the small database space is searched using differ ent techniques that include genetic algorithms and neural networks.
Book Synopsis Theoretical and Experimental Characterizations of the IR Technology for the Detection of Low-metal and Nonmetallic Buried Landmines by :
Download or read book Theoretical and Experimental Characterizations of the IR Technology for the Detection of Low-metal and Nonmetallic Buried Landmines written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the sensors evaluated in a project to develop a multi-sensor teleoperated mine detection vehicle is a sensor using infrared imaging technology. This report presents the results of trials performed over the past two years and models developed from these results to characterize the capabilities of this technology. The fundamental mechanisms involved in the formation of infrared signatures of buried mines are identified and two types of heat impedance anomalies associated with buried mines are described. A monitoring technique for predicting the optimum performance of the technology is proposed. Field trials on packed gravel and sand roads at different times of day were used to simulate mine detection scenarios and to determine conditions for optimum performance of the infrared technology tested. Results presented include detection efficiencies and false alarm rates.
Book Synopsis Improved Landmine Detection Capability, ILDC: by :
Download or read book Improved Landmine Detection Capability, ILDC: written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to reduce the serious problem associated with the mining of important supply/communication roads by hostile parties during peacekeeping operations, the Department of National Defence has begun the development of a multi-sensor teleoperated mine detection vehicle, the Improved Land-Mine Detection Capability (ILDC). One sensor identified as a serious candidate for that project is a passive infrared (IR) camera. Previous assessments of the efficiency of this technique of detection have reported widely fluctuating results. It is believed that the main reason for these fluctuations is associated with the ad hoc interpretations used by different researchers. In this paper, a more systematic analysis is presented which takes into account variables such as time of the day, time of the year, weather conditions, type of road, and many others. A working model is proposed in order to facilitate the prediction of the IR signature of the buried landmines. Model results are compared with data acquired from multiple trials done with live mines & surrogates buried in different types of road during different times of the day & year.
Book Synopsis Detection of Buried Landmines Using a CASI Hyperspectral Imager by :
Download or read book Detection of Buried Landmines Using a CASI Hyperspectral Imager written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes experiments conducted to estimate the probability of detection and false alarm rate for detection of buried mines using a hyperspectral imager scanned from a personnel lift. In the experiments, surrogate mines & blocks of explosives were buried under various vegetative covers and bare soil using standard mine-laying methods. Images were obtained at various times up to 15.5 months after burial. Image extraction & spectral classification methods are described and the classification results are presented. Preliminary detection probabilities and false alarm rates are estimated for different cover types.
Book Synopsis Land Mines Detection by Using Thermal Infrared Imaging by : Maged A. Hassan
Download or read book Land Mines Detection by Using Thermal Infrared Imaging written by Maged A. Hassan and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Data Fusion for the Detection of Buried Land Mines by :
Download or read book Data Fusion for the Detection of Buried Land Mines written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors conducted experiments to demonstrate the enhanced delectability of buried land mines using sensor fusion techniques. Multiple sensors, including imagery, infrared imagery, and ground penetrating radar, have been used to acquire data on a number of buried mines and mine surrogates. The authors present this data along with a discussion of the application of sensor fusion techniques for this particular detection problem. The authors describe the data fusion architecture and discuss some relevant results of these classification methods.
Book Synopsis Detection of Buried Objects Using Thermal Infrared Imaging by : Ping Li
Download or read book Detection of Buried Objects Using Thermal Infrared Imaging written by Ping Li and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Landmine Detection Using Infrared Images and 3D Numerical Thermal Simulator by : Nassim Saaddine Khaled
Download or read book Landmine Detection Using Infrared Images and 3D Numerical Thermal Simulator written by Nassim Saaddine Khaled and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of plastic landmines, which are undetectable by the ordinary metal detectors, lead into the emergence of new landmine detection techniques. G round penetrating radar constitutes a promising alternative (especially for antitank l andmines) but was proven to be less efficient at shallow depths (due to the reflections co ming from air-ground interface). The ability to detect thermal signatures at shallow depth s is where the IR thermography has proven its efficiency. In this thesis, the detection of landmines using IR images is addressed. Experimentations took place in indoor environments. The extension of the method into the outdoors is yet to be the second stage in the project. IR thermography is ba sed on the ability to predict the thermal behavior of the soil at given conditions. Per turbations that are superimposed on the predicted behavior of the soil are strong indicator for the presence of unexpected objects. The landmine detection system proposed in this t hesis is a combination of two disciplines: heat transfer and image processing. The image processing part is responsible for detecting discriminate signatures via segmentation. Then classifying the detected objects based on their geometric al shapes. Using a 3D numerical simulator that uses finite volume method to solve for the temperature distribution of soil (knowing initial and boundary conditions), we c an compare the temperature gradients of detected objects with the simulated tempera tures to identify and classify landmines.
Book Synopsis Surface and Buried Mine Detection with Variance-Based Multispectral Data Fusion by :
Download or read book Surface and Buried Mine Detection with Variance-Based Multispectral Data Fusion written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The detection of surface or buried landmines is complicated by effects of occlusion due to overlying vegetation and confusion of the mine spectral response due to overlying obscurants. Such effects often cause mine detection systems that are strictly model-based to fail in field practice due to brittleness resulting from lack of input coverage. University of Florida has assisted Frontier Technology, Inc. in analyzing, developing, and implementing prototype algorithms and software for buried land mine detection using infrared imagery. This technique detects statistical differences between target and background regions and produces and estimate of target probability at a given location and, where possible, an estimate of target identity. University of Florida has assisted FTI in analyzing its Tabular Nearest Neighbor Encoding paradigm that has been highly successful in detecting small targets imagery and other signatures. TNE has been applied to mine detection problems to investigate its utility in producing increased probability of detection and decreased rate of false alarms. This technique has been found to be useful in a wide variety of military and commercial applications.
Book Synopsis Dual-band, Infrared Buried Mine Detection Using a Statistical Pattern Recognition Approach by :
Download or read book Dual-band, Infrared Buried Mine Detection Using a Statistical Pattern Recognition Approach written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this work was to detect surrogate land mines, which were buried in clay and sand, using dual-band, infrared images. A statistical pattern recognition approach was used to achieve this objective. This approach is discussed and results of applying it to real images are given.
Book Synopsis Infrared Thermography for the Detection and Characterization of Buried Objects by : Dr Trung Thanh
Download or read book Infrared Thermography for the Detection and Characterization of Buried Objects written by Dr Trung Thanh and published by ASP Editions. This book was released on 2007-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of the detection and characterization of buried objects using infrared measurements of the soil surface is considered in this work that is applied to buried landmine detection. It is divided into two steps: thermal modeling of shallowly buried objects and inverse problem setting for buried object detection. The first step aims at predicting the soil temperature distribution with the presence of buried objects under natural heating conditions. For this purpose, a three-dimensional thermal model is introduced and several aspects, such as mathematical analysis, numerical methods and its applicability in practical situations, are thoroughly discussed. In the second step, the proposed thermal model and the infrared measurements are used for detecting buried objects and characterizing them by estimating their thermal and geometrical properties. Here, a three-dimensional and a simplified one-dimensional coefficient identification problem are considered. These inverse problems are severely ill-posed due to lack of spatial information in the measured data. This dissertation is mainly focused on parameterization methods, for reducing the ill-posedness of the inverse problems, and numerical algorithms for solving them. Numerical results for both simulated and real experimental data sets are demonstrated for illustrating the performance of the proposed algorithms.
Book Synopsis Alternatives for Landmine Detection by : Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson
Download or read book Alternatives for Landmine Detection written by Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the rate that government and nongovernmental organizations are clearing existing landmines, it will take 450-500 years to rid the world of them. Concerned about the slow pace of demining, the Office of Science and Technology asked RAND to assess potential innovative technologies being explored and to project what funding would be required to foster the development of the more promising ones. The authors of this report suggest that the federal government undertake a research and development effort to develop a multisensor mine detection system over the next five to eight years.
Book Synopsis Detection of Buried Objects by Fusing Dual-band Infrared Images by :
Download or read book Detection of Buried Objects by Fusing Dual-band Infrared Images written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have conducted experiments to demonstrate the enhanced detectability of buried land mines using sensor fusion techniques. Multiple sensors, including visible imagery, infrared imagery, and ground penetrating radar (GPR), have been used to acquire data on a number of buried mines and mine surrogates. Because the visible wavelength and GPR data are currently incomplete. This paper focuses on the fusion of two-band infrared images. We use feature-level fusion and supervised learning with the probabilistic neural network (PNN) to evaluate detection performance. The novelty of the work lies in the application of advanced target recognition algorithms, the fusion of dual-band infrared images and evaluation of the techniques using two real data sets.
Book Synopsis Land Mine Detection by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Land Mine Detection written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Land Mine Detection Using Multispectral Image Fusion by :
Download or read book Land Mine Detection Using Multispectral Image Fusion written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our system fuses information contained in registered images from multiple sensors to reduce the effects of clutter and improve the ability to detect surface and buried land mines. The sensor suite currently consists of a camera that acquires images in six bands (400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm and 900nm). Past research has shown that it is extremely difficult to distinguish land mines from background clutter in images obtained from a single sensor. It is hypothesized, however, that information fused from a suite of various sensors is likely to provide better detection reliability, because the suite of sensors detects a variety of physical properties that are more separable in feature space. The materials surrounding the mines can include natural materials (soil, rocks, foliage, water, etc.) and some artifacts. We use a supervised learning pattern recognition approach to detecting the metal and plastic land mines. The overall process consists of four main parts: Preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, and classification. These parts are used in a two step process to classify a subimage. We extract features from the images, and use feature selection algorithms to select only the most important features according to their contribution to correct detections. This allows us to save computational complexity and determine which of the spectral bands add value to the detection system. The most important features from the various sensors are fused using a supervised learning pattern classifier (the probabilistic neural network). We present results of experiments to detect land mines from real data collected from an airborne platform, and evaluate the usefulness of fusing feature information from multiple spectral bands.
Book Synopsis Remote Performance Prediction for Infrared Imaging of Buried Mines by :
Download or read book Remote Performance Prediction for Infrared Imaging of Buried Mines written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes research using infrared (IR) imagers for use in landmine detection. Preliminary studies had shown that the in-ground vertical temperature gradient was a good indicator of mine/background contrast in IR images if temperature measurements & imager were co-located, and limited data suggested that remote performance monitoring might be possible. To establish practicality of remote monitoring, the investigators buried temperature probes at five sites separated by various distances in asphalt, sand and gravel, both on and off road. Vertical temperature profiles were automatically recorded at all sites simultaneously with IR images of buried thermal IR surrogate mines located at a gravel road site. The in-ground vertical temperature gradient was evaluated as a practical indicator of the performance of an IR imager, for probes buried in all materials at distances up to almost 6 km from the imager.
Book Synopsis Landmines Detection by Using Mobile Robots by : Ahmed Ismail
Download or read book Landmines Detection by Using Mobile Robots written by Ahmed Ismail and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-10-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2016 in the subject Engineering - Robotics, Mansoura University, language: English, abstract: This thesis studies strategies for humanitarian demining using robotic units. The author presents a low-cost system for landmines detection. The proposed system uses fusion of low cost multi sensors instead of using very expensive one. The proposed robot used sensor fusion technique to increase the probability of mine detection. The author has developed decision level fusion to decrease false alarm of mines detection. He used complete coverage path planning to find all possible mines in the environment. The author proposed using multiple robots with the same structure to use complete coverage path in parallel way to save the time. He proposed effective obstacle avoidance algorithm to help the robot moves in autonomous motion. The proposed robot is light in order not to trigger mines and be destroyed. He proposed effective method to destroy mines where they are using arm on the robot to help defusing method. The purpose of the thesis is to give an efficient solution for the landmines problem. By using robots that are capable of exploring and destroying buried landmines. The author also aimed to make the proposed robot with simle components to provide the soldiers and local landmines environments citizens with effective solution that they can use to save their lives.
