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Protein Based Inheritance
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Book Synopsis Protein-Based Inheritance by : Dr. Yury O. Chernoff
Download or read book Protein-Based Inheritance written by Dr. Yury O. Chernoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-04 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers a topic that has been neglected for years and has returned to the spotlight only recently. Until the genetic role of DNA was firmly established, many researchers suspected that proteins, rather than nucleic acids, could be carriers of heritable information. However, these models were completely forgotten with the triumphal march of the double helix and the development of a central dogma postulating that information flow occurs strictly from DNA, through RNA, to protein, making it seemingly impossible for the proteins to possess a coding potential. Proteins were downgraded to the role of simple perpetuators and executors of DNA orders. Taken together, data included in this book prove beyond a reasonable doubt that proteins and multiprotein complexes are able to control heritable traits, and that, at least in some examples, this control occurs in a template-like fashion, so that new structures strictly reproduce patterns of pre-existing structures that were not specifically coded in DNA. Thus, protein-based inheritance has left the area of speculation and has emerged as a new topic amenable to high-quality experimental analysis.
Book Synopsis A Genetic Platform for the Study of Protein Perturbation and Prion-based Inheritance by : Gregory Arthur Newby
Download or read book A Genetic Platform for the Study of Protein Perturbation and Prion-based Inheritance written by Gregory Arthur Newby and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proteins mediate every cellular process. In order for life to exist, each protein must be finely tuned to carry out its function at the proper time and place. Because the environment is dynamic and often unpredictable, the regulation of proteins must be responsive to environmental stimuli. Mutations, age, and severe or repeated insults can decrease the quality of protein regulation, leading to disease. The study of protein regulation and its dysfunction in disease are of vital importance. Regulatory and disease phenomena involving protein assembly or aggregation are common but currently understudied on account of their intractability with existing techniques. In order to equip scientists with better tools to tackle these difficult phenomena, my collaborators Ahmad Khalil and Szilvia Kiriakov (Boston University) and I developed the yTRAP platform (standing for: yeast transcriptional reporters of aggregating proteins). yTRAP couples the activity of a synthetic transcriptional activator to a protein's solubility. It enables sensitive measurement of a protein's state within a eukaryotic cellular context, preserving complex interactions that may be lost using in vitro techniques. yTRAP can be measured in high throughput to enable large studies, screens, and selections on aggregation phenomena. The reporter output is modular and can be customized to desired purposes and measurement modalities. Using a fluorescent output, the signal from yTRAP is readily quantifiable. The combination of these desirable properties enables many kinds of previously-impossible studies. Furthermore, because of its exquisite sensitivity, yTRAP can be used to broadly screen for protein perturbation beyond the context of aggregation. For example, it can report on alterations in protein localization, binding partners, or degradation. I applied yTRAP to track yeast prions, which have previously been difficult to study due to a lack of simple and reliable reporters. Prions are protein-based elements of inheritance that have profound implications for the evolution of single-celled organisms. I first utilized yTRAP to identify factors that faithfully switch prion states on and off, thus proving that prion states can be deterministically regulated. I used these factors to create new cellular tools out of prions: 1) a memory device that records elevated temperatures experienced by a yeast population, and 2) an anti-prion drive that eliminates prions from mating partners and progeny. Separately, I conducted an ecological study into the yeast prion [SW*]. I found that [SWI*] confers a 'pioneering' cellular program that encourages migration and diverse mating partners. Loss of the prion confers a protective 'settled' cellular program with growth and survivability advantages. yTRAP greatly facilitated this study through reliable tracking of the prion state. Prion-like phenomena are now ripe for study with yTRAP.
Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of The Cell by : Bruce Alberts
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of a Protein Responsible for the Protein-based Inheritance of (PSI+) in Yeast by : Jia-Jia Liu
Download or read book Characterization of a Protein Responsible for the Protein-based Inheritance of (PSI+) in Yeast written by Jia-Jia Liu and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Epigenetic Mechanisms of Gene Regulation by : Vincenzo E. A. Russo
Download or read book Epigenetic Mechanisms of Gene Regulation written by Vincenzo E. A. Russo and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many inheritable changes in gene function are not explained by changes in the DNA sequence. Such epigenetic mechanisms are known to influence gene function in most complex organisms and include effects such as transposon function, chromosome imprinting, yeast mating type switching and telomeric silencing. In recent years, epigenetic effects have become a major focus of research activity. This monograph, edited by three well-known biologists from different specialties, is the first to review and synthesize what is known about these effects across all species, particularly from a molecular perspective, and will be of interest to everyone in the fields of molecular biology and genetics.
Book Synopsis The Molecular Basis of Heredity by : A.R. Peacocke
Download or read book The Molecular Basis of Heredity written by A.R. Peacocke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-17 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Genetic Control of Protein Mutability by : Kim D. Allen
Download or read book An Investigation of the Genetic Control of Protein Mutability written by Kim D. Allen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biology for AP ® Courses by : Julianne Zedalis
Download or read book Biology for AP ® Courses written by Julianne Zedalis and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 1923 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology for AP® courses covers the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester Advanced Placement® biology course. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens. Biology for AP® Courses was designed to meet and exceed the requirements of the College Board’s AP® Biology framework while allowing significant flexibility for instructors. Each section of the book includes an introduction based on the AP® curriculum and includes rich features that engage students in scientific practice and AP® test preparation; it also highlights careers and research opportunities in biological sciences.
Book Synopsis Complex Behavior Enforced by Protein-based Inheritance by : Raymond Aaron Futia
Download or read book Complex Behavior Enforced by Protein-based Inheritance written by Raymond Aaron Futia and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prions are proteins that can adopt multiple conformations, at least one of which is self-templating. Ensuing changes in protein activity are heritable over long biological timescales, in a non-Mendelian fashion. In budding yeast, specific prions have been identified that confer distinct phenotypes and fitness advantages in different conditions with induction and loss at rates higher than mutation. These prions can be induced by different stimuli -- in some cases, stimuli to which they provide an adapted response. This bi-stable switch behavior provides a framework for bet-hedging strategies whereby organisms can adapt to fluctuating environments in a reversible manner. Here, I review phase-separation dynamics and their biological relevance as they relate to and inform prion behavior (Chapter 1), followed by reports of two cellular states: [MIX+] (Chapter 2), and Ste+ (Chapter 3). [MIX+] is a prion state associated with the helicase, Mph1. It decreases mutation frequency, increases the incidence of recombination, and provides broad-spectrum resistance to a variety of DNA damaging conditions. Its induction can be stimulated by DNA-damaging conditions to which it provides resistance. Ste+ is a putative prion state associated with the Aurora B Kinase scaffold, Sli15. Ste+ cells demonstrate sterility, distinct histone modification, and a unique transcriptional profile. However, the sterility phenotype is in part explained by a nonsense mutation in STE7. Nevertheless, together, these efforts represent an effort to investigate mechanisms by which S. cerevisiae can modulate genomic integrity and diversity through switch-like control of sexual reproduction, mutation, and recombination.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309453291 Total Pages :149 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis An Evidence Framework for Genetic Testing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book An Evidence Framework for Genetic Testing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in genetics and genomics are transforming medical practice, resulting in a dramatic growth of genetic testing in the health care system. The rapid development of new technologies, however, has also brought challenges, including the need for rigorous evaluation of the validity and utility of genetic tests, questions regarding the best ways to incorporate them into medical practice, and how to weigh their cost against potential short- and long-term benefits. As the availability of genetic tests increases so do concerns about the achievement of meaningful improvements in clinical outcomes, costs of testing, and the potential for accentuating medical care inequality. Given the rapid pace in the development of genetic tests and new testing technologies, An Evidence Framework for Genetic Testing seeks to advance the development of an adequate evidence base for genetic tests to improve patient care and treatment. Additionally, this report recommends a framework for decision-making regarding the use of genetic tests in clinical care.
Book Synopsis Principles of Biology by : Lisa Bartee
Download or read book Principles of Biology written by Lisa Bartee and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Principles of Biology sequence (BI 211, 212 and 213) introduces biology as a scientific discipline for students planning to major in biology and other science disciplines. Laboratories and classroom activities introduce techniques used to study biological processes and provide opportunities for students to develop their ability to conduct research.
Download or read book Human Prion Diseases written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-07 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Prion Diseases, Volume 153 is designed to update the reader on the latest advances and clinical aspects of prion diseases. The book is organized into five sections, including the pathophysiology of prions and a description of animal and human diseases. This is followed by detailed reports on recent advances in diagnosis strategies for the development of novel anti-prion molecules and possible designs of clinical trials in such a rare disease. An introductory chapter gives an extensive historical background of prion research, with a final chapter highlighting recent progress, and more importantly, unsolved problems. Offers an authoritative overview of prion diseases in humans, detailing the pathogenesis of the disease, clinical investigations, and the diagnosis of both the genetic and acquired forms Provides clarity and context by presenting prion diseases in relation to other neurodegenerative diseases in humans Emphasizes the unique properties of prion diseases and consequent problems they can cause, both clinically and in public health terms
Book Synopsis Epigenetic Inheritance and Evolution by : Eva Jablonka
Download or read book Epigenetic Inheritance and Evolution written by Eva Jablonka and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1995 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the inheritance of acquired characteristics play a significant role in evolution? In this book, Eva Jablonka and Marion J. Lamb attempt to answer that question with an original, provocative exploration of the nature and origin of hereditary variations. Starting with a historical account of Lamarck's ideas and the reasons they have fallen in disrepute, the authors go on to challenge the prevailing assumption that all heritable variation is random and the result of variation in DNA base sequences. They also detail recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying inheritance--including several pathways not envisioned by classical population genetics--and argue that these advances need to be more fully incorporated into mainstream evolutionary theory. Throughout, the book offers a new look at the evidence for and against the hereditability of environmentally induced changes, and addresses timely questions about the importance of non-Mendelian inheritance. A glossary and extensive list of references round out the book. Urging a reconsideration of the present DNA-centric view prevalent in the field, Epigentic Inheritance and Evolution will make fascinating and important reading for students and researchers in evolution, genetics, ecology, molecular biology, developmental biology, and the history and philosophy of science.
Author :Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309133343 Total Pages :422 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by : Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Download or read book Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-03-23 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
Book Synopsis Inheritance Systems and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis by : Eva Jablonka
Download or read book Inheritance Systems and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis written by Eva Jablonka and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-04 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current knowledge of the genetic, epigenetic, behavioural and symbolic systems of inheritance requires a revision and extension of the mid-twentieth-century, gene-based, 'Modern Synthesis' version of Darwinian evolutionary theory. We present the case for this by first outlining the history that led to the neo-Darwinian view of evolution. In the second section we describe and compare different types of inheritance, and in the third discuss the implications of a broad view of heredity for various aspects of evolutionary theory. We end with an examination of the philosophical and conceptual ramifications of evolutionary thinking that incorporates multiple inheritance systems.
Book Synopsis Prion Biology and Diseases by : Stanley B. Prusiner
Download or read book Prion Biology and Diseases written by Stanley B. Prusiner and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a new edition of the most authoritative book on Prion Biology, first published in 1999 and edited by the Nobel Prize-winning founder of the field. This expanded edition has been completely updated, and includes chapters on therapeutics, and diagnostic methods and approaches.
Book Synopsis Intrinsically Disordered Proteins by : Nicola Salvi
Download or read book Intrinsically Disordered Proteins written by Nicola Salvi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-14 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intrinsically Disordered Proteins: Dynamics, Binding, and Function thoroughly examines and ties together the fundamental biochemical functions of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), including signaling, binding, and regulation, with the methodology for study and the associated pathways for drug design and therapeutic intervention. The role of new mechanistic, computational, and experimental approaches in IDP study are explored in depth, with methods for the characterization of IDP dynamics; models, simulations, and mechanisms of IDP and IDR binding; and biological and medical implications of IDP dynamics prominently featured. Written and edited by leading scientists in the field, this book explores groundbreaking areas such as ensemble descriptions of IDPs and IDRs, single-molecule studies of IDPs and IDRs, IDPs and IDRs in membraneless organelles, and molecular mechanisms of fibrillation of IDPs. Intrinsically Disordered Proteins provides students and researchers in biochemistry, molecular biology, and applied microbiology with a comprehensive and updated discussion of the complex dynamics of IDPs and IDRs. Provides in-depth discussion of fundamental IDP and IDR dynamics, function, and binding, with mechanistic insight to support new drug development Describes the role of new computational and experimental approaches in characterizing the binding of IDPs to their functional targets Features chapter contributions from international experts in IDP and IDR biochemical function and methods of study
