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Properties Of Jets Measured With Charged Particles With The Atlas Detector At The Large Hadron Collider
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Book Synopsis Properties of Jets Measured with Charged Particles with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider by : Seth Conrad Zenz
Download or read book Properties of Jets Measured with Charged Particles with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider written by Seth Conrad Zenz and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jets are identified and their properties studied, in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at center-of-mass energy √s = 7 TeV, using charged particles measured by the ATLAS Inner Detector. Events are selected using a minimum bias trigger, allowing jets at very low transverse momentum to be observed and the tran- sition to high-momentum fully perturbative jets to be studied. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm applied to charged particles with two radius parameter choices, 0.4 and 0.6. An inclusive charged jet transverse momentum cross section measurement from 4 GeV to 100 GeV is shown, for four ranges in rapidity extending to 1.9, and corrected to charged particle-level truth jets. The transverse momenta and longitudinal momentum fractions of charged particles within jets are measured, along with the charged particle multiplicity and the particle density as a function of radial distance from the jet axis. Comparison of the data with the theoretical models implemented in existing tunings of Monte Carlo event generators indicates reasonable overall agreement between data and Monte Carlo. These comparisons are sensitive to Monte Carlo parton showering, hadronization, and soft physics models.
Book Synopsis Looking Inside Jets by : Simone Marzani
Download or read book Looking Inside Jets written by Simone Marzani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-11 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer reviews the latest developments in the field of jets. Jets are collinear sprays of hadrons produced in very high-energy collisions, e.g. at the LHC or at a future hadron collider. They are essential to and ubiquitous in experimental analyses, making their study crucial. At present LHC energies and beyond, massive particles around the electroweak scale are frequently produced with transverse momenta that are much larger than their mass, i.e., boosted. The decay products of such boosted massive objects tend to occupy only a relatively small and confined area of the detector and are observed as a single jet. Jets hence arise from many different sources and it is important to be able to distinguish the rare events with boosted resonances from the large backgrounds originating from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This requires familiarity with the internal properties of jets, such as their different radiation patterns, a field broadly known as jet substructure. This set of notes begins by providing a phenomenological motivation, explaining why the study of jets and their substructure is of particular importance for the current and future program of the LHC, followed by a brief but insightful introduction to QCD and to hadron-collider phenomenology. The next section introduces jets as complex objects constructed from a sequential recombination algorithm. In this context some experimental aspects are also reviewed. Since jet substructure calculations are multi-scale problems that call for all-order treatments (resummations), the bases of such calculations are discussed for simple jet quantities. With these QCD and jet physics ingredients in hand, readers can then dig into jet substructure itself. Accordingly, these notes first highlight the main concepts behind substructure techniques and introduce a list of the main jet substructure tools that have been used over the past decade. Analytic calculations are then provided for several families of tools, the goal being to identify their key characteristics. In closing, the book provides an overview of LHC searches and measurements where jet substructure techniques are used, reviews the main take-home messages, and outlines future perspectives.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Inclusive Jet Cross Section with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider by : Caterina Doglioni
Download or read book Measurement of the Inclusive Jet Cross Section with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider written by Caterina Doglioni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-28 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tests of the current understanding of physics at the highest energies achievable in man-made experiments are performed at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. In the theory of the strong force within the Standard Model of particle physics - Quantum ChromoDynamics or QCD - confined quarks and gluons from the proton-proton scattering manifest themselves as groups of collimated particles. These particles are clustered into physically measurable objects called hadronic jets. As jets are widely produced at hadron colliders, they are the key physics objects for an early "rediscovery of QCD". This thesis presents the first jet measurement from the ATLAS Collaboration at the LHC and confronts the experimental challenges of precision measurements. Inclusive jet cross section data are then used to improve the knowledge of the momentum distribution of quarks and gluons within the proton and of the magnitude of the strong force.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Charged-particle Multiplicity Inside Jets from $$\sqrt{s} by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Charged-particle Multiplicity Inside Jets from $$\sqrt{s} written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of charged particles inside jets is a widely used discriminant for identifying the quark or gluon nature of the initiating parton and is sensitive to both the perturbative and non-perturbative components of fragmentation. This paper presents a measurement of the average number of charged particles with pT > 500 MeV inside high-momentum jets in dijet events using 20.3 fb-1 of data recorded with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at √s=8 TeV collisions at the LHC. The jets considered have transverse momenta from 50 GeV up to and beyond 1.5 TeV . The reconstructed charged-particle track multiplicity distribution is unfolded to remove distortions from detector effects and the resulting charged-particle multiplicity is compared to several models. Lastly, quark and gluon jet fractions are used to extract the average charged-particle multiplicity for quark and gluon jets separately.
Book Synopsis Search for Supersymmetry in Dijet and Multijet Channels and Soft QCD Measurements Using the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider by : Rishiraj Pravahan
Download or read book Search for Supersymmetry in Dijet and Multijet Channels and Soft QCD Measurements Using the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider written by Rishiraj Pravahan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has collected a substantial amount of data to understand the Standard Model of particle physics at higher than previous center of mass energy available and to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model. This dissertation describes observations of charged particle multiplicity distributions in 7 TeV and 900 GeV data as well as searches for new physics with a signature of high energy jets and missing transverse energy using the first few months of data available at the LHC. Multiplicity distributions of charged particle tracks, one of the first observables in high energy collisions were made for a center of mass energy, sqrt (s) = 900 GeV as well as 7 TeV proton-proton collision data. Such distributions help to understand multi-particle production processes. One of the predicted features of multiplicity distribution and its moments is KNO scaling which implies that the shape and moments of the scaled multiplicity distribution is independent of the center-of-mass energy. Although a clear violation of KNO scaling is not observed within the error limits, an indication of such violation is noted. Different models of hadro-production to describe multiplicity distributions are also studied. The Negative Binomial Distribution (NBD) is an often used distribution modeling multiplicity distributions. It has been observed that NBD is satisfied in different types of collisions and over wide range of energies and it was observed that not only the full-phase-space multiplicity distribution can be successfully fitted by the NBD but also the distribution within central pseudo-rapidity intervals. Based on these findings, the model of cluster (or clan) cascading type has been proposed. Although, a good NBD fit can be obtained, it is observed for hadronic interactions that the presence of two weighted NBD or Double NBD (DNBD) components, one corresponding to soft production and the other to semi-hard one (mini-jets) seems to fit the data better for broad pseudo-rapidity ranges. It was found that the soft component follows KNO scaling while the semi-hard component does not. The proton-proton collision data at LHC has been analyzed to test the NBD and DNBD parametrization and test the energy dependence of the fitted parameters. It is well understood that the Standard model of Particle physics in incomplete. Our knowledge of cosmology also leaves several crucial questions unanswered, one of them being the composition of the dark matter that has been indirectly observed through astronomical observations. The primary objectives for constructing the Large Hadron Collider has been to solve these problems through the discovery of the Higgs particle and to find new physics processes that predict the production of massive non-interacting stable particles. Searches of such new physics producing heavy stable particles in its final state has been performed. Finding such signals would provide direct observation of a dark matter candidate particle. The exclusive event topology of two high energy jets and missing transverse energy has been explored to perform the above search, using ATLAS detector data. A summary of results of these preliminary searches in comparison with theoretical predictions has been presented. In order to understand and discriminate any new physics, a clear and coherent understanding of the detector response is crucial. Moreover, a detailed knowledge of the behavior of known standard model phenomena is required. A detailed description of the ATLAS detector and several important calibration techniques is discussed and their results summarized. Estimates of Standard Model physics, contributing to irreducible backgrounds to dark matter searches is presented in detail. One such physics process constituting an irreducible background is the production of the Z boson decaying into two neutrinos ([nu]) with associated jets. The observation of these events directly from data is an impossible task due to the non-interacting nature of the neutrinos. An estimate of the production cross section of these process is estimated using observations of photon ([gamma]) plus jet events and theoretical predictions. Estimated numbers for the [gamma] plus 2,3,4 and more associated jets production with uncertainties has been summarized.
Book Synopsis Precision Measurement of Jets at the ATLAS Experiment by : Gareth John Ashley Brown
Download or read book Precision Measurement of Jets at the ATLAS Experiment written by Gareth John Ashley Brown and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the measurements of jet activity in the rapidity region between a dijet system formed in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data used were collected by the ATLAS detector during 2010 at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. A number of observables that probe additional quark and gluon radiation in the dijet topology are studied. The development and performance of the monitoring system for the ATLAS calorimeter high level trigger is described. The performance of the jet calibration and a study of the properties of jets in the forward calorimeter is also given. The fraction of events that survive a veto on jets with transverse momentum above a jet veto scale, Q0, in the rapidity region between the dijet system is measured for dijets with mean transverse momentum 50
Book Synopsis ATLAS Measurements of the Properties of Jets for Boosted Particle Searches by :
Download or read book ATLAS Measurements of the Properties of Jets for Boosted Particle Searches written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The CERN Larg Hardron Collider by : Amos Breskin
Download or read book The CERN Larg Hardron Collider written by Amos Breskin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis New Trends in Statistical Physics of Complex Systems by : Antonio M. Scarfone
Download or read book New Trends in Statistical Physics of Complex Systems written by Antonio M. Scarfone and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "New Trends in Statistical Physics of Complex Systems" that was published in Entropy
Book Synopsis The Large Hadron Collider by : Lyndon R. Evans
Download or read book The Large Hadron Collider written by Lyndon R. Evans and published by EPFL Press. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the technology and engineering of the Large Hadron collider (LHC), one of the greatest scientific marvels of this young 21st century. This book traces the feat of its construction, written by the head scientists involved, placed into the context of the scientific goals and principles.
Book Synopsis Inside Cern's Large Hadron Collider: From The Proton To The Higgs Boson by : Mario Campanelli
Download or read book Inside Cern's Large Hadron Collider: From The Proton To The Higgs Boson written by Mario Campanelli and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book aims to explain the historical development of particle physics, with special emphasis on CERN and collider physics. It describes in detail the LHC accelerator and its detectors, describing the science involved as well as the sociology of big collaborations, culminating with the discovery of the Higgs boson. Readers are led step-by-step to understanding why we do particle physics, as well as the tools and problems involved in the field. It provides an insider's view on the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider.
Book Synopsis Computer Simulation Validation by : Claus Beisbart
Download or read book Computer Simulation Validation written by Claus Beisbart and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume introduces and discusses the methods of validating computer simulations in scientific research. The core concepts, strategies, and techniques of validation are explained by an international team of pre-eminent authorities, drawing on expertise from various fields ranging from engineering and the physical sciences to the social sciences and history. The work also offers new and original philosophical perspectives on the validation of simulations. Topics and features: introduces the fundamental concepts and principles related to the validation of computer simulations, and examines philosophical frameworks for thinking about validation; provides an overview of the various strategies and techniques available for validating simulations, as well as the preparatory steps that have to be taken prior to validation; describes commonly used reference points and mathematical frameworks applicable to simulation validation; reviews the legal prescriptions, and the administrative and procedural activities related to simulation validation; presents examples of best practice that demonstrate how methods of validation are applied in various disciplines and with different types of simulation models; covers important practical challenges faced by simulation scientists when applying validation methods and techniques; offers a selection of general philosophical reflections that explore the significance of validation from a broader perspective. This truly interdisciplinary handbook will appeal to a broad audience, from professional scientists spanning all natural and social sciences, to young scholars new to research with computer simulations. Philosophers of science, and methodologists seeking to increase their understanding of simulation validation, will also find much to benefit from in the text.
Book Synopsis Jet and Underlying Event Properties as a Function of Charged-particle Multiplicity in Proton-proton Collisions at Sqrt(s) by :
Download or read book Jet and Underlying Event Properties as a Function of Charged-particle Multiplicity in Proton-proton Collisions at Sqrt(s) written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characteristics of multi-particle production in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV are studied as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity, N[ch]. The produced particles are separated into two classes: those belonging to jets and those belonging to the underlying event. Charged particles are measured with pseudorapidity abs(eta) 2.4 and transverse momentum pt 0.25 GeV. Jets are reconstructed from charged-particles only and required to have pt> 5 GeV. The distributions of jet pt, average pt of charged particles belonging to the underlying event or to jets, jet rates, and jet shapes are presented as functions of N[ch] and compared to the predictions of the PYTHIA and HERWIG event generators. Predictions without multi-parton interactions fail completely to describe the N[ch]-dependence observed in the data. For increasing N[ch], PYTHIA systematically predicts higher jet rates and harder pt spectra than seen in the data, whereas HERWIG shows the opposite trends. At the highest multiplicity, the data-model agreement is worse for most observables, indicating the need for further tuning and/or new model ingredients.
Book Synopsis Jet Quenching in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC by : Aaron Angerami
Download or read book Jet Quenching in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC written by Aaron Angerami and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the first measurements of jets in relativistic heavy ion collisions as reported by the ATLAS Collaboration. These include the first direct observation of jet quenching through the observation of a centrality-dependent dijet asymmetry. Also, a series of jet suppression measurements are presented, which provide quantitative constraints on theoretical models of jet quenching. These results follow a detailed introduction to heavy ion physics with emphasis on the phenomenon of jet quenching and a comprehensive description of the ATLAS detector and its capabilities with regard to performing these measurements.
Book Synopsis Spin Correlations in tt Events from pp Collisions by : Boris Lemmer
Download or read book Spin Correlations in tt Events from pp Collisions written by Boris Lemmer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-24 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis introduces readers to the Standard Model, the top quark and its properties, before explaining the concept of spin correlation measurement. The first measurement of top quark spin correlations at the LHC in the lepton+jets decay channel is presented. As the heaviest elementary particle, the top quark plays an essential role in the Standard Model of elementary particle physics. In the case of top quarks being produced in pairs at hadron colliders, the Standard Model predicts their spins to be correlated. The degree of correlation depends on both the production mechanism and properties of the top quark. Any deviation from the Standard Model prediction can be an indicator for new physics phenomena. The thesis employs an advanced top quark reconstruction algorithm including dedicated identification of the up- and down-type quarks from the W boson decay.
Book Synopsis Hadron Collider Physics 2005 by : Mario Campanelli
Download or read book Hadron Collider Physics 2005 written by Mario Campanelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-17 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the proceedings of The Hadron Collider Physics Symposia (HCP) 2005, and reviews the state-of-the-art in the key physics directions of experimental hadron collider research. Topics include QCD physics, precision electroweak physics, c-, b-, and t-quark physics, physics beyond the Standard Model, and heavy ion physics. The present volume serves as a reference for everyone working in the field of accelerator-based high-energy physics.
Book Synopsis Properties of Dijets in Pp, PPb and PbPb Collisions by : Doga Can Gulhan
Download or read book Properties of Dijets in Pp, PPb and PbPb Collisions written by Doga Can Gulhan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two dijet measurements, one using 35 pb-1 pPb data at [square root]sNN- 5.02 TeV, and another with 166 [mu]b-1 PbPb and 5.3 pb-1 pp data at [square root]sNN = 2.76 TeV collected with CMS detector at the LHC, are presented. In pPb collisions, the dijet PT ratios, azimuthal angle differences and pseudorapidity distributions are measured and compared to PYTHIA and PYTHIA+HIJING simulations as well as NLO QCD predictions for the latter observable. No significant signs of final state interactions, such as a decrease in the mean dijet PT ratios or a broadening in the correlation of the dijets in azimuthal angle, with increasing forward activity, are observed. The dijet pseudorapidity distributions are also measured, and are sensitive to nuclear PDFs for x values of 0.001 - 0.5. Selections on event activity are found to yield unexpected centrality biases on dijet pseudorapidity distributions, which aided the interpretation of similar biases seen in inclusive jet measurements by ATLAS. In PbPb collisions, a detailed scan of charged particle distributions in correlation with the dijet system is carried out. The PT projection of charged particles on the dijet axis is measured at different distances of [delta] = [mathematical formula ...] 2 with respect to the leading and subleading jet axes. In this way, the spectra and angular distribution of the additional particles, which recover the overall event balance in dijet events with enhanced PT asymmetry in PbPb compared to pp collisions, are obtained up to [delta] = 1.8 in steps of 0.2. A significant excess of low PT particles associated with a subleading jet at large [delta] values is observed, and this excess is shown to get larger for dijet events with PT asymmetry. The scan is carried out for variety of anti-kT R parameters, which provides a way of varying jet width and fragmentation. Medium response to jet quenching at wide angles for jets with different fragmentation is studied. Only an insignificant increase of the magnitude of low PT particle excess at large angles, but a significant increase in the modification of the balance distribution close to the jet axes is observed by increasing R.
