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Project Checo Southeast Asia Report The Fourth Offensive
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Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. The Fourth Offensive by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. The Fourth Offensive written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the night of 22-23 February 1969, the Communist forces in South Vietnam launched a major offensive. The ensuing action was variously called "The Post-Tet Offensive of 1969" and "The Winter-Spring Offensive of 1969". Since the enemy initiative was the fourth in a series of offensives beginning with the infamous Tet Campaign of 1968, this report is titled: "The Fourth Offensive Concerned with air response to the Fourth Offensive, the opening chapter establishes the enemy in South Vietnam, explains his goals, and describes his weaknesses and strengths. The second chapter provides an overview of the Fourth Offensive and the continuing Allied operations to deny the enemy the benefits of the initiative. It also compares the Fourth Offensive to its three predecessors, and then briefly analyzes the broad employment of airpower during the period of enemy attacks. The third, fourth, and fifth chapters describe the air and ground activity that occurred in the various geographical areas known as Corps Tactical Zones (CTZs). The concluding chapter reflects on the military lessons to be learned by a study of the Fourth Offensive. During the period of this report, the Allied forces in Vietnam were forbidden to take offensive action on a strategic scale. Offensive air operations were prohibited over Cambodia and North Vietnam and Allied ground forces were restricted to within the borders of South Vietnam. Although air interdiction continued in Laos, most of the air activity in South Vietnam was directly related to the fire and maneuver of the forces on the ground. Therefore, for the most part, the air response to the enemy offensive must be explained in concert with the scheme of ground operations. Clearly, the concept of the Allies was one of vigorous tactical offense within the imposed bounds of a strategic defense. The enemy did not assault a static systems of defense; the Allies moved out to meet the enemy in an effort to spoil his attack and preempt the initiative.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Air Response to the Tet Offensive, 30 January - 29 February 1968 by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Air Response to the Tet Offensive, 30 January - 29 February 1968 written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report traces the 1968 Communist Tet Offensive in Vietnam. Significant events which had an impact on airpower, and the application and responsiveness of air, are examined during this period of extremely heightened military activity. Air response ranged across the entire spectrum of air capability, from tactical airstrikes to the ground defense of air installations. Close support of ground troops in cities, air base defense, VNAF performance, emergency airlift, and civic responsiveness are all examined in this report.
Download or read book The Fourth Offensive written by Bert Aton and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "On the night of 22-23 February 1969, the Communist forces in South Vietnam launched a major offensive. The ensuing action was variously called "The Post-Tet Offensive of 1969" and "The Winter-Spring Offensive of 1969". Since the enemy initiative was the fourth in a series of offensives beginning with the infamous Tet Campaign of 1968, this report is titled: "The Fourth Offensive Concerned with air response to the Fourth Offensive, the opening chapter establishes the enemy in South Vietnam, explains his goals, and describes his weaknesses and strengths. The second chapter provides an overview of the Fourth Offensive and the continuing Allied operations to deny the enemy the benefits of the initiative. It also compares the Fourth Offensive to its three predecessors, and then briefly analyzes the broad employment of airpower during the period of enemy attacks. The third, fourth, and fifth chapters describe the air and ground activity that occurred in the various geographical areas known as Corps Tactical Zones (CTZs). The concluding chapter reflects on the military lessons to be learned by a study of the Fourth Offensive. During the period of this report, the Allied forces in Vietnam were forbidden to take offensive action on a strategic scale. Offensive air operations were prohibited over Cambodia and North Vietnam and Allied ground forces were restricted to within the borders of South Vietnam. Although air interdiction continued in Laos, most of the air activity in South Vietnam was directly related to the fire and maneuver of the forces on the ground. Therefore, for the most part, the air response to the enemy offensive must be explained in concert with the scheme of ground operations. Clearly, the concept of the Allies was one of vigorous tactical offense within the imposed bounds of a strategic defense. The enemy did not assault a static systems of defense; the Allies moved out to meet the enemy in an effort to spoil his attack and preempt the initiative."--Page xi.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. IV DASC Operations, 1965-1969 by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. IV DASC Operations, 1965-1969 written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizing the current operation of IV DASC, this CHECO Report is one of four depicting operations of the Direct Air Support Centers in the Republic of Vietnam from 1965 to August 1969. Two events deserve special recognition: first, the Vietnamization of the air war, particularly, tactical air control in IV Corps Tactical Zone; and second, the unique night operation which has achieved initial success in limiting, to a degree, the activity of the enemy in the Mekong Delta.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Short Rounds by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Short Rounds written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "short round," of artillery inception, described a shell which fell short of its target. In Air Force employment, this term is somewhat altered: "A short round incident is defined as the air delivery of ordnance which results in injury or death to friendly military forces or noncombatants." This CHECO report depicts those short rounds delivered by fixed-wing aircraft, specifically those under the operational control of the Seventh Air Force Tactical Air Control Center (TACC). This report encompasses "short round" incidents reported from January through December 1971. It emphasizes a narrative of each incident with the factors leading up to the incident, the investigating officer's conclusions and recommendations, and the efforts made by commanders to minimize the recurrence of the accidental release of air-delivered ordnance on friendly military forces or noncombatants. A review of the authenticated "short rounds" in CHECO reports of previous years revealed that these incidents basically followed a general pattern of primary and contributing causes: pilot error, poor weather conditions, troop location unknown, weapon system malfunction, wrong target hit due to ground personnel error, poor communications, change in the ground situation, and inaccurate target marking. However, it was also noted that in a troops-in-contact situation the chance of a short round must be weighed against the possibility of heavy losses if close air support is not provided.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Operation Attleboro by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Operation Attleboro written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Initiated on 14 September 1966, Operation ATTLEBORO was a search and destroy operation against enemy forces, base camps and supply areas located in War Zone C. The 196th Light Infantry Brigade was given operational control (OPCON) of ATTLEBORO, which also included units of the U.S. 25th Division and later the III Corps "Mike" Forces, who were Nung Chinese mercenary soldiers, usually led by U.S. Special Forces (USSF). Through the end of October, action had been only light and sporadic, with no major contact with the enemy. Air support was provided but the light action was reflected in the fact that, between 4 October and 1 November, only two immediate and 140 preplanned air sorties were needed to support the operation. This was an average of only five preplanned sorties per day. On 19 October, the operation was stepped up. ... By 30 October, the 196th Light infantry Brigade and elements of the U.S. 25th infantry Division were continuing sweeping operations near Dau Tieng but had now penetrated the fringes of this major Viet Cong build-up area and were threatening to disrupt the Viet Cong offensive plans, not to mention the possibility of uncovering the major VC base and supply area. On 31 October, 2/1 (2nd Battalion, 1st infantry Regiment) located a major logistic base of B-160 Section, Group 82, COSVN Rear Service Department, and captured 843 tons of rice. This was a major blow to the Viet Cong logistic system in the area and could hardly be tolerated. The stage was now set for a major confrontation between the 9th Viet Cong Division and U.S. forces in the jungles of War Zone C, a contest which was to precipitate, over the next two weeks, some of the heaviest fighting of the Vietnam war.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Attack on Udorn by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Attack on Udorn written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a number of Thai air bases, the USAF waged air campaigns against enemy targets, troops, and supply lines in North Vietnam, Laos, and South Vietnam. The security of these bases was an extremely important matter. On the night of 26 July 1968, the first attack was launched against one of these bases. While the assault was repelled and the resulting damage was not excessive, a number of inadequacies in base defense were clearly indicated. This CHECO report outlines the concepts of base security, which existed before the attack; describes the assault on Udorn Royal Thai Air Force Base (RTAFB); and explains how the defensive plans were implemented. It profiles changes and improvements effected in security arrangements subsequent to the attack. To better understand how planners grappled with the problems and evolved solutions, it is necessary to view base security against the background of a mounting threat, limited funding, and certain restrictive Thai/US agreements.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Battle for DAK TO. by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Battle for DAK TO. written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the battle for Dak To, allied intelligence discovered enemy forces converging before they had completed encirclement of the Special Forces camp. Movement of the U.S. 4th Infantry Division into the area forced the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) into a defensive position in hills many miles from Dak To. The ensuing fighting was a tactical success for American troops against an enemy suffering heavy casualties and being pushed back across the border. Although a factual estimate of enemy killed by air and complete damage assessment could not be obtained, it was determined that close air support for troops was successful. ARC LIGHT strikes were especially effective in remote areas where entrance by ground troops was prohibitive. After the Tet Offensive, there was much speculation concerning the importance of the battle for Dak To in long-range enemy strategy. The enemy may have gained some strategic advantage, as the allies were forced to direct their attention toward the borders. According to one viewpoint, the battle was an initial phase of the Tet Offensive, one that would draw allied troops into an isolated border region, giving the enemy more freedom around the cities to ready the Tet Offensive. According to Col. Tran Van Dac, however, who deserted to the allies in April 1968, the battle for Dak To was conceived and pursued by local unit commanders despite the Colonel's opposition. The unit commanders wanted battle to gain combat experience and to build troop morale. In this view, the battle was not related to long-range Tet strategy. Generalizing, Dak To blocked a convenient entry route into South Vietnam; the enemy had hoped to neutralize Dak To by mounting rocket and mortar attacks from the high hills surrounding the airstrip. To counter the enemy buildup, American troops were deployed from populated areas, especially Tuy Hoa, into the isolated border region. Whether intended or not, that had the effect of leaving the cities more open to the Tet attacks.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Operation HICKORY. by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Operation HICKORY. written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scenario of Operation HICKORY called for a multipronged assault into the DMZ, with forces of the 3rd Marine Division and Vietnamese Army (ARVN) units striking north into the heart of the lowland area, and a Marine landing force sweeping in from the eastern coast. Air support for the Marine units, including the landing force (SLF Alpha), was to be provided by the Marine tactical air arm, while close support for ARVN forces was to be provided by the 7AF TACS. On the day prior to the operation, the TACS was to provide USAF aircraft for preparatory strikes immediately north of the DMZ, with the Marines conducting air strikes inside the zone. The TACS was to provide continuous suppression strikes north of the attacking forces throughout the course of the operation. Obviously, in a multi-force operation of this nature, joint planning and close coordination were key tactical prerequisities. In the early phases of Operation HICKORY, however, several situations arose which indicated an inadequacy in-joint planning. Breakdowns in the system of-coordination on air requirements, on at least two occasions, jeopardized friendly forces. Had airpower been applied under a system of centralized control, it is likely these breakdowns could have-been avoided.
Book Synopsis The Siege of Ben Het (Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report). by :
Download or read book The Siege of Ben Het (Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report). written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project CHECO was established in 1962 to document and analyze air operations in Southeast Asia. Over the years the meaning of the acronym changed several times to reflect the escalation of operations: Current Historical Evaluation of Counterinsurgency Operations, Contemporary Historical Evaluation of Combat Operations and Contemporary Historical Examination of Current Operations. Project CHECO and other U. S. Air Force Historical study programs provided the Air Force with timely and lasting corporate insights into operational, conceptual and doctrinal lessons from the war in SEA.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Defense of DA NANG. by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Defense of DA NANG. written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Winter-Spring Offensive of 1968-1969, Da Nang was a principal enemy target in the tactical zone of I Corps. The Marines had the overall responsibility of defending the city and air base of Da Nang. This report examines contributions of the Air Force to that defense.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Short Rounds and Related Incidents 1 Jun 69 to 31 Dec 70 by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Short Rounds and Related Incidents 1 Jun 69 to 31 Dec 70 written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project CHECO was established in 1962 to document and analyze air operations in Southeast Asia. Over the years the meaning of the acronym changed several times to reflect the escalation of operations: Current Historical Evaluation of Counterinsurgency Operations, Contemporary Historical Evaluation of Combat Operations and Contemporary Historical Examination of Current Operations. Project CHECO and other U.S. Air Force Historical study programs provided the Air Force with timely and lasting corporate insights into operational, conceptual and doctrinal lessons from the war in SEA.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. USAF Support of Special Forces in SEA. by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. USAF Support of Special Forces in SEA. written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first Air Commando units arrived in Vietnam in November 1961, and since then the USAF has become an integral component in supplying Special Forces Camps with tactical airpower, airland/airdrop replenishment of supplies and instant guidance, as well as short reaction airpower to ground reconnaissance teams. In its special Seventh Air Force/5th Special Forces (SF) partnership, three primary roles of the U.S. Air Force are recounted. First, when vulnerable Special Forces Camps came under attack, it was USAF firepower that provided the heavy counterblows in their defense. More than one camp owes its continued existence to the quick and devastating reaction of the USAF. Second, Special Forces Camps have been almost entirely dependent upon airlift for their logistical support and this, too, has been a vital mission of the Air Force. Finally, in 1965, the U.S. Air Force began an association with Special Forces ground reconnaissance teams; it has produced some of the most efficient and effective ground missions of the war. The expanding role of Air Force Forward Air Controllers in Special Forces operations--an expansion strongly urged by SF commanders throughout the Republic of Vietnam--is addressed in Chapter V.
Book Synopsis Operation Attleboro (Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report). by :
Download or read book Operation Attleboro (Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report). written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project CHECO was established in 1962 to document and analyze air operations in Southeast Asia. Over the years the meaning of the acronym changed several times to reflect the escalation of operations: Current Historical Evaluation of Counterinsurgency Operations, Contemporary Historical Evaluation of Combat Operations and Contemporary Historical Examination of Current Operations. Project CHECO and other U. S. Air Force Historical study programs provided the Air Force with timely and lasting corporate insights into operational, conceptual and doctrinal lessons from the war in SEA.
Download or read book Hammer, Victor Karl, 1882-1967 written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The folder may include clippings, announcements, small exhibition catalogs, and other ephemeral items.
Book Synopsis Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Short Rounds, June 1968 - May 1969 by :
Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. Short Rounds, June 1968 - May 1969 written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the parlance of artillerymen, a "Short Round" is a shell that falls short of the enemy and inflicts casualties on friendly troops. The expression is so starkly descriptive and brief that it has come to be used as a convenient label for most incidents wherein friendly ordnance causes friendly casualties. This report is concerned with air-delivered Short Rounds--specifically, those involving the fixed-wing aircraft under operational control of the Seventh Air Force Tactical Air Control Center (TACC). This third CHECO report On "Short Rounds" covers occurrences from June 1968 through May 1969. It emphasizes rates and trends, interesting corollaries, lessons learned, and recent attempts to eliminate Short Rounds. This study also examines several Short Round incidents to illustrate some of the problems encountered by ground commanders, forward air controllers (FACs), and strike aircraft commanders in their joint efforts to conduct close air support. Ground and air commanders at all levels are deeply concerned about the tragic results of Short Round incidents, and Strenuous efforts have been made to reduce the probability of such occurrences. To have achieved absolute immunity from Short Rounds, the ground forces would have had to sacrifice the benefits of air support whenever they were closely engaged with the enemy. These were hard choices to make, but nearly all of the situations dictated accepting the risk of Short Rounds to diminish the certain lethality of hostile fire.
Book Synopsis Project Checo Southeast Asia Study by : William R. Burditt
Download or read book Project Checo Southeast Asia Study written by William R. Burditt and published by Military Bookshop. This book was released on 2012-05 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High quality reprint of this recently declassified 1977 study. This report is the fourth in a series of CHECO reports on the ROE, summarizing significant events and changes which occurred between October 1972 and August 1973. Throughout this period, the operating authorities formulated by the JCS were in most cases directly related to the peace negotiations conducted in Paris between the United States and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV). Consequently, this report accounts for changes in the ROE, chronologically, as they applied to the different areas of SEA: The Republic of Vietnam (RVN), North Vietnam (NVN), Laos, and Cambodia. This presentation not only provides the reader with significant changes in the ROE between October 1972 and August 1973, but also portrays the close relationship between national policy and the conduct of air operations in SEA. The intensity of bombing, the number of sorties authorized, and the territorial restrictions were constantly changed, particularly through January 1973. Specifically, they followed the negotiating trends and the sincerity, or the lack of it, with which the North Vietnamese approached peace negotiations. These negotiations culminated in the signing of the "Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam" on 27 January 1973 in Paris. Because these changes would be less significant to the reader without some prior knowledge of the ROE, this chapter provides a brief summary of the ROE as they stood in September 1972.
