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Production Perception And Comprehension Of Subphonemic Detail Word Final S In English
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Book Synopsis Production, Perception, and Comprehension of Subphonemic Detail by : Dominic Schmitz
Download or read book Production, Perception, and Comprehension of Subphonemic Detail written by Dominic Schmitz and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexities of speech production, perception, and comprehension are enormous. Theoretical approaches of these complexities most recently face the challenge of accounting for findings on subphonemic differences. The aim of the present dissertation is to establish a robust foundation of findings on such subphonemic differences. One rather popular case for differences in subphonemic detail is word-final /s/ and /z/ in English (henceforth S) as it constitutes a number of morphological functions. Using word-final S, three general issues are investigated. First, are there subphonemic durational differences between different types of word-final S? If there are such differences, how can they be accounted for? Second, can such subphonemic durational differences be perceived? Third, do such subphonemic durational differences influence the comprehension of S? These questions are investigated by five highly controlled studies: a production task, an implementation of Linear Discriminative Learning, a same-different task, and two number-decision tasks. Using not only real words but also pseudowords as target items, potentially confounding effects of lexical storage are controlled for. Concerning the first issue, the results show that there are indeed durational differences between different types of word-final S. Non-morphemic S is longest in duration, clitic S is shortest in duration, and plural S duration is in-between non-morphemic S and clitic S durations. It appears that the durational differences are connected to a word's semantic activation diversity and its phonological certainty. Regarding the second issue, subphonemic durational differences in word-final S can be perceived, with higher levels of perceptibility for differences of 35 ms and higher. In regard to the third issue, subphonemic durational differences are found not to influence the speed of comprehension, but show a significant effect on the process of comprehension. The overall results give raise to a rev
Book Synopsis Production, perception, and comprehension of subphonemic detail: Word-Final /s/ in English by : Dominic Schmitz
Download or read book Production, perception, and comprehension of subphonemic detail: Word-Final /s/ in English written by Dominic Schmitz and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2022-11-22 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexities of speech production, perception, and comprehension are enormous. Theoretical approaches of these complexities most recently face the challenge of accounting for findings on subphonemic differences. The aim of the present dissertation is to establish a robust foundation of findings on such subphonemic differences. One rather popular case for differences in subphonemic detail is word-final /s/ and /z/ in English (henceforth S) as it constitutes a number of morphological functions. Using word-final S, three general issues are investigated. First, are there subphonemic durational differences between different types of word-final S? If there are such differences, how can they be accounted for? Second, can such subphonemic durational differences be perceived? Third, do such subphonemic durational differences influence the comprehension of S? These questions are investigated by five highly controlled studies: a production task, an implementation of Linear Discriminative Learning, a same-different task, and two number-decision tasks. Using not only real words but also pseudowords as target items, potentially confounding effects of lexical storage are controlled for. Concerning the first issue, the results show that there are indeed durational differences between different types of word-final S. Non-morphemic S is longest in duration, clitic S is shortest in duration, and plural S duration is in-between non-morphemic S and clitic S durations. It appears that the durational differences are connected to a word’s semantic activation diversity and its phonological certainty. Regarding the second issue, subphonemic durational differences in word-final S can be perceived, with higher levels of perceptibility for differences of 35 ms and higher. In regard to the third issue, subphonemic durational differences are found not to influence the speed of comprehension, but show a significant effect on the process of comprehension. The overall results give raise to a revision of various extant models of speech production, perception, and comprehension.
Book Synopsis Paradigm uniformity in inflectional stems by : Marie Engemann
Download or read book Paradigm uniformity in inflectional stems written by Marie Engemann and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-01-02 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens phonetically in the production of stems in words such as days and daze? Do inflectional stems differ phonetically from monomorphemic words? Can these differences be perceived? This volume aims to answer these questions in a replication project by investigating data from two corpora and a production experiment, as well as by extending this research with two perception experiments. It investigates what happens phonetically in the stems of words that end in homophonous suffixes, and whether listeners can perceive these subtle phonetic differences. Two potential effects were termed; categorical paradigm uniformity, in which stems of words ending in [s, z] are expected to have longer durations if these words are morphologically complex (e.g. days is longer than daze), as well as gradient paradigm uniformity, in which the frequency of related words is expected to have an influence on paradigm members (e.g. day influences days). Findings from these studies contribute to a growing body of research in the field of morphophonetics.
Book Synopsis A model of sonority based on pitch intelligibility by : Aviad Albert
Download or read book A model of sonority based on pitch intelligibility written by Aviad Albert and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2023-06-10 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sonority is a central notion in phonetics and phonology and it is essential for generalizations related to syllabic organization. However, to date there is no clear consensus on the phonetic basis of sonority, neither in perception nor in production. The widely used Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP) represents the speech signal as a sequence of discrete units, where phonological processes are modeled as symbol manipulating rules that lack a temporal dimension and are devoid of inherent links to perceptual, motoric or cognitive processes. The current work aims to change this by outlining a novel approach for the extraction of continuous entities from acoustic space in order to model dynamic aspects of phonological perception. It is used here to advance a functional understanding of sonority as a universal aspect of prosody that requires pitch-bearing syllables as the building blocks of speech.This book argues that sonority is best understood as a measurement of pitch intelligibility in perception, which is closely linked to periodic energy in acoustics. It presents a novel principle for sonority-based determinations of well-formedness – the Nucleus Attraction Principle (NAP). Two complementary NAP models independently account for symbolic and continuous representations and they mostly outperform SSP-based models, demonstrated here with experimental perception studies and with a corpus study of Modern Hebrew nouns. This work also includes a description of ProPer (Prosodic Analysis with Periodic Energy). The ProPer toolbox further exploits the proposal that periodic energy reflects sonority in order to cover major topics in prosodic research, such as prominence, intonation and speech rate. The book is finally concluded with brief discussions on selected topics: (i) the phonotactic division of labor with respect to /s/-stop clusters; (ii) the debate about the universality of sonority; and (iii) the fate of the classic phonetics–phonology dichotomy as it relates to continuity and dynamics in phonology.
Book Synopsis Conversation and intonation in autism: A multi-dimensional analysis by : Simon Wehrle
Download or read book Conversation and intonation in autism: A multi-dimensional analysis written by Simon Wehrle and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth, multi-dimensional analysis of conversations between autistic adults. The investigation is focussed on intonation style, turn-taking and the use of backchannels, filled pauses and silent pauses. Previous findings on intonation style in the context of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are contradictory, with claims ranging from characteristically monotonous to characteristically melodic intonation. A novel methodology for quantifying intonation style is used, and it is revealed that autistic speakers tended towards a more melodic intonation style compared to control speakers in the data set under investigation. Research on turn-taking (the organisation of who speaks when in conversation) in ASD is limited, with most studies claiming a tendency for longer silent gaps in ASD. No clear overall difference in turn-timing between the ASD and the control group was found in the data under study. There was, however, a clear difference between groups specifically in the earliest stages of dialogue, where ASD dyads produced considerably longer silent gaps than controls. Backchannels (listener signals such as mmhm or okay) have barely been investigated in ASD to date. The current analysis shows that autistic speakers produced fewer backchannels per minute (particularly in the early stages of dialogue), and that backchannels were less diverse prosodically and lexically. Filled pauses (hesitation signals such as uhm and uh) in ASD have been the subject of a handful of previous studies, most of which claim that autistic speakers produced fewer uhm tokens (specifically). It is shown that filled pauses were produced at an identical rate in both groups and that there was an equivalent preference of uhm over uh. ASD speakers differed only in the prosodic realisation of filled pauses. It is further shown that autistic speakers produced more long silent (within-speaker) pauses than controls. The analyses presented in this book provide new insights into conversation strategies and intonation styles in ASD, as reviewed in a summary analysis. The findings are discussed in the context of previous research, general characteristics of cognition in ASD, and the importance of studying communication in interaction and across neurotypes.
Book Synopsis Prosodic boundary phenomena by : Fabian Schubö
Download or read book Prosodic boundary phenomena written by Fabian Schubö and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-05-05 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spoken language comprehension, the hearer is faced with a more or less continuous stream of auditory information. Prosodic cues, such as pitch movement, pre-boundary lengthening, and pauses, incrementally help to organize the incoming stream of information into prosodic phrases, which often coincide with syntactic units. Prosody is hence central to spoken language comprehension and some models assume that the speaker produces prosody in a consistent and hierarchical fashion. While there is manifold empirical evidence that prosodic boundary cues are reliably and robustly produced and effectively guide spoken sentence comprehension across different populations and languages, the underlying mechanisms and the nature of the prosody-syntax interface still have not been identified sufficiently. This is also reflected in the fact that most models on sentence processing completely lack prosodic information. This edited book volume is grounded in a workshop that was held in 2021 at the annual conference of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft (DGfS). The five chapters cover selected topics on the production and comprehension of prosodic cues in various populations and languages, all focusing in particular on processing of prosody at structurally relevant prosodic boundaries. Specifically, the book comprises cross-linguistic evidence as well as evidence from non-native listeners, infants, adults, and elderly speakers, highlighting the important role of prosody in both language production and comprehension.
Book Synopsis Phonetics and Phonology in Language Comprehension and Production by : Niels O. Schiller
Download or read book Phonetics and Phonology in Language Comprehension and Production written by Niels O. Schiller and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-07-13 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume investigates the role of phonetics and phonology in psycholinguistics. Speaking and understanding spoken language both engage phonological and phonetic knowledge. There are detailed models of phonological and phonetic encoding in language production and there are equally refined models of phonetic and phonological processing in language comprehension. However, since most psycholinguists work on either language production or comprehension, the relationship between the two has received surprisingly little attention. Prominent researchers in various areas of psycholinguistics were invited to discuss this relationship focusing on the phonological and phonetic components.
Download or read book Native Listening written by Anne Cutler and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2015-01-30 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An argument that the way we listen to speech is shaped by our experience with our native language. Understanding speech in our native tongue seems natural and effortless; listening to speech in a nonnative language is a different experience. In this book, Anne Cutler argues that listening to speech is a process of native listening because so much of it is exquisitely tailored to the requirements of the native language. Her cross-linguistic study (drawing on experimental work in languages that range from English and Dutch to Chinese and Japanese) documents what is universal and what is language specific in the way we listen to spoken language. Cutler describes the formidable range of mental tasks we carry out, all at once, with astonishing speed and accuracy, when we listen. These include evaluating probabilities arising from the structure of the native vocabulary, tracking information to locate the boundaries between words, paying attention to the way the words are pronounced, and assessing not only the sounds of speech but prosodic information that spans sequences of sounds. She describes infant speech perception, the consequences of language-specific specialization for listening to other languages, the flexibility and adaptability of listening (to our native languages), and how language-specificity and universality fit together in our language processing system. Drawing on her four decades of work as a psycholinguist, Cutler documents the recent growth in our knowledge about how spoken-word recognition works and the role of language structure in this process. Her book is a significant contribution to a vibrant and rapidly developing field.
Book Synopsis Individual Differences in Speech Production and Perception by : Susanne Fuchs
Download or read book Individual Differences in Speech Production and Perception written by Susanne Fuchs and published by Speech Production and Perception. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inter-individual variation in speech is a topic of increasing interest in the humanities. It can yield important insights into biological, linguistic, cognitive, and social features of language. The big challenge is to find out which speaker- and listener-specific details are crucial. This book introduces such details from various perspectives.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Phonetics by : Rachael-Anne Knight
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Phonetics written by Rachael-Anne Knight and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-02 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phonetics - the study and classification of speech sounds - is a major sub-discipline of linguistics. Bringing together a team of internationally renowned phoneticians, this handbook provides comprehensive coverage of the most recent, cutting-edge work in the field, and focuses on the most widely-debated contemporary issues. Chapters are divided into five thematic areas: segmental production, prosodic production, measuring speech, audition and perception, and applications of phonetics. Each chapter presents an historical overview of the area, along with critical issues, current research and advice on the best practice for teaching phonetics to undergraduates. It brings together global perspectives, and includes examples from a wide range of languages, allowing readers to extend their knowledge beyond English. By providing both state-of-the-art research information, and an appreciation of how it can be shared with students, this handbook is essential both for academic phoneticians, and anyone with an interest in this exciting, rapidly developing field.
Book Synopsis The Phonology of German by : Richard Wiese
Download or read book The Phonology of German written by Richard Wiese and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2000 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring the most complete and up-to-date description of the phonology of German presently available, this book applies recent models of phonological theory, putting particular emphasis on the interaction of morphology and phonology. It focuses on the present-day standard language, but includes discussions of other variants and registers.
Author :A. M. Devine Professor of Classics Stanford University Publisher :Oxford University Press, USA ISBN 13 :0195359038 Total Pages :586 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (953 download)
Book Synopsis The Prosody of Greek Speech by : A. M. Devine Professor of Classics Stanford University
Download or read book The Prosody of Greek Speech written by A. M. Devine Professor of Classics Stanford University and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994-10-29 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reconstruction of the prosody of a dead language is, on the face of it, an almost impossible undertaking. However, once a general theory of prosody has been developed from reliable data in living languages, it is possible to exploit texts as sources of answers to questions that would normally be answered in the laboratory. In this work, the authors interpret the evidence of Greek verse texts and musical settings in the framework of a theory of prosody based on crosslinguistic evidence and experimental phonetic and psycholinguistic data, and reconstruct the syllable structure, rhythm, accent, phrasing, and intonation of classical Greek speech. Sophisticated statistical analyses are employed to support an impressive range of new findings which relate not only to phonetics and phonology, but also to pragmatics and the syntax-phonology interface.
Book Synopsis Loan Phonology by : Andrea Calabrese
Download or read book Loan Phonology written by Andrea Calabrese and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many different reasons, speakers borrow words from other languages to fill gaps in their own lexical inventory. The past ten years have been characterized by a great interest among phonologists in the issue of how the nativization of loanwords occurs. The general feeling is that loanword nativization provides a direct window for observing how acoustic cues are categorized in terms of the distinctive features relevant to the L1 phonological system as well as for studying L1 phonological processes in action and thus to the true synchronic phonology of L1. The collection of essays presented in this volume provides an overview of the complex issues phonologists face when investigating this phenomenon and, more generally, the ways in which unfamiliar sounds and sound sequences are adapted to converge with the native language’s sound pattern. This book is of interest to theoretical phonologists as well as to linguists interested in language contact phenomena. As of January 2019, this e-book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched.
Book Synopsis Language Processing by : Simon Garrod
Download or read book Language Processing written by Simon Garrod and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language Processing questions what happens when we process language - what mental operations occur during processing and how they are organised over time. The last decade has seen real advances in the study of language processing that have wide ranging implications for human cognition in general. Language Processing gives an account of these developments both as they relate to experimental studies of processing and as they relate to computational modelling of the processes. In addition to chapters covering core topics, such as lexical processing, syntactic parsing and the comprehension of discourse, special topics of recent interest are also included.
Book Synopsis The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America by : Acoustical Society of America
Download or read book The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America written by Acoustical Society of America and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phonology in Context by : M. Pennington
Download or read book Phonology in Context written by M. Pennington and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phonology in Context takes a fresh look at phonology in a range of real-world contexts that go beyond traditional concerns and challenge existing assumptions and practices. It brings together research and theory from a range of research areas to suggest new directions for the field.
Book Synopsis Spoken Word Recognition by : Uli H. Frauenfelder
Download or read book Spoken Word Recognition written by Uli H. Frauenfelder and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1987 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spoken Word Recognition covers the entire range of processes involved in recognizing spoken words - both in and out of context. It brings together a number of essays dealing with important theoretical questions raised by the study of spoken word recognition - among them, how do we understand fluent speech as efficiently and effortlessly as we do? What are the mental processes and representations involved when we recognize spoken words? How do these differ from those involved in reading written words? What information is stored in our mental lexicon and how is it structured? What do linguistic and computational theories tell us about these psychological processes and representations?The multidisciplinary presentation of work by phoneticians, linguists, psychologists, and computer scientists reflects the growing interest in spoken word recognition from a number of different perspectives. It is a natural consequence of the mediating role that lexical representations and processes play in language understanding, linking sound with meaning.Following the editors' introduction, the contributions and their authors are: Acoustic-Phonetic Representation in Word Recognition (David B. Pisoni and Paul A. Luce). Phonological Parsing and Lexical Retrieval (Kenneth W. Church). Parallel Processing in Spoken Word Recognition (William D. Marslen-Wilson). A Reader's View of Listening (Dianne C. Bradley and Kenneth I. Forster). Prosodic Structure and Spoken Word Recognition (Francois Grosjean and James Paul Gee). Structure in Auditory Word Recognition (Lyn Frazier). The Mental Representation of the Meaning of Words (P. N. Johnson-Laird). Context Effects in Lexical Processing (Michael K. Tanenhaus and Margery M. Lucas).Uli H. Frauenfelder is a researcher with the Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik, and Lorraine Komisarjevsky Tyler is a professor in the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Cambridge. Spoken Word Recognition is in a series that is derived from special issues of Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Science, edited by Jacques Mehler. A Bradford Book.
