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Production Of Biodiesel From Palm Oil Using Encapsulated Lipase Derived From K Carrageenan
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Book Synopsis Production of Biodiesel from Palm Oil Using Encapsulated Lipase Derived from K-carrageenan by : Kenthorai Raman Jegannathan
Download or read book Production of Biodiesel from Palm Oil Using Encapsulated Lipase Derived from K-carrageenan written by Kenthorai Raman Jegannathan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Production of biodiesel using lipase encapsulated in κ-carrageenan by : Pogaku Ravindra
Download or read book Production of biodiesel using lipase encapsulated in κ-carrageenan written by Pogaku Ravindra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-08 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores a novel technique for processing biodiesel using lipase immobilization by encapsulation and its physical properties, stability characteristics, and application in stirred tank and re-circulated packed bed immobilized reactors for biodiesel production. The enzymatic processing of biodiesel addresses many of the problems associated with chemical processing. It requires only moderate operating conditions and yields a high-quality product with a high level of conversion and the life cycle assessment of enzymatic biodiesel production has more favourable environmental consequences. The chemical processing problems of waste water treatment are lessened and soap formation is not an issue, meaning that waste oil with higher FFA can be used as the feedstock. The by product glycerol does not require any purification and it can be sold at higher price. However, soluble enzymatic processing is not perfect. It is costly, the enzyme cannot be recycled and its removal from the product is difficult. For these reasons, immobilized enzymatic process has been developed which retains the advantages of the soluble enzymatic process and reuse of the enzyme is possible which decreases the enzyme cost, the biodiesel produced does not contain any enzyme residue and the activity of the enzyme can be increased by immobilization. The drawbacks of the immobilized enzyme process are mass transfer limitation, enzyme leakage, the lack of a versatile commercial immobilized enzyme and some of immobilization methods involve toxic chemicals. To overcome the drawbacks of the immobilized enzyme, an attempt is made to use a degradable biopolymer (κ-carrageenan) as a carrier for lipase immobilization.
Book Synopsis Production of Biodiesel from Sludge Palm Oil (SPO) by Enzymatic Transesterification by : Ricca Rahman binti Nasaruddin
Download or read book Production of Biodiesel from Sludge Palm Oil (SPO) by Enzymatic Transesterification written by Ricca Rahman binti Nasaruddin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel is a non-toxic, renewable and biodegradable fuel that can replace the fossil fuels which have issues on toxic emissions, higher price and depleting reserve. The high cost of biodiesel feedstock can be reduced by using low cost and abundant waste oils such as sludge palm oil (SPO) especially in Malaysia which produces 40 million tons SPO per year. In this study, SPO with a high free fatty acids (FFA) content (51.64 ± 0.59% as palmitic acid) was used to produce biodiesel using locallyproduced Candida cylindracea lipase fermented from palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a low-cost basal medium. The concentration of lipase was 0.15 mg/ml and its activity was 4.76 U/ml at pH 5. The inhibition of lipase activity was reduced by investigating the suitable solvent system and process conditions using one factor at a time (OFAT) method. In the study of solvent system, ethanol was found to be a better alcohol as the acyl-acceptor rather than methanol. The optimum factors of ethanol solvent system were studied and the results were 4:1 ethanol/SPO molar ratio in the presence of small water content (1:15 - 1:10 water/SPO volume ratio). The optimum factors of process conditions were 10 U/25g of SPO enzyme loading, 400C reaction temperature, 250 rpm mixing speed and 24 hours reaction time. The highest conversion of FFA into biodiesel (Conversion) and the total yield of biodiesel (YT) of the OFAT study was 12.0% and 62.3 % (w/w SPO) respectively. Statistical optimization of process conditions was done using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal level of inputs predicted by RSM were 10 U/25g of SPO, 410C reaction temperature and 250 rpm mixing speed with Conversion and YT equal to 15.5% and 57.5% (w/w SPO) respectively. The kinetic study revealed that the reaction rate was faster at 0 to 3 hours which is 3.9% yield of fatty acid ethyl ester per hour (YFAEE/h) then it became slower at 0.6% YFAEE/h. The enzymatic biodiesel production of the optimum condition was first order reaction with reaction rate (K) and regression coefficient (R2) equal to 0.028 hour-1 and 0.900 respectively. The enzymatic biodiesel production was improved by adding co-solvent which acts as lipase stabilizer. The highest Conversion and YT were 28.8% and 71.6 % (w/w SPO) respectively with the addition of ter-butanol at 2:1 tert-butanol/SPO molar ratio. The biodiesel was characterised by 27.91% of triacylglyceride (TAG), 14.09 % of diacylglyceride (DAG), 1.91% of monoacylglyceride (MAG), 35.13% of FFA and 20.94% of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). The SPO and locally produced lipase were found to have a promising potential for enzymatic biodiesel production.
Book Synopsis Functional Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications by : Sabyasachi Maiti
Download or read book Functional Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications written by Sabyasachi Maiti and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications examines the fundamentals and properties of these natural materials and their potential biomedical applications. With an emphasis on therapeutic and sensing applications, the book also reviews how polysaccharides can be modified for tissue engineering applications. Sections discuss the basics of polysaccharides, give an overview of the potential applications, look at novel materials and technologies for use in tissue regeneration and therapeutics, and detail current biomedical applications. With a strong focus on materials, engineering and applications, this book is a valuable resource for those with an interest in harnessing the biomedical potential of natural polymers. Describes strategies for developing polysaccharides-based biomedical devices Illustrates concepts and encompasses scope for clinical development Provides advanced and comprehensive information on biomedical constructs
Book Synopsis Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Bioenergy Applications by : Neha Srivastava
Download or read book Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Bioenergy Applications written by Neha Srivastava and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative summary of the quest for an environmentally sustainable synthesis process of nanomaterials and their application for environmental sustainability Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Bioenergy Applications is an important guide that provides information on the fabrication of nanomaterial and the application of low cost, green methods. The book also explores the impact on various existing bioenergy approaches. Throughout the book, the contributors—noted experts on the topic—offer a reliable summary of the quest for an environmentally sustainable synthesis process of nanomaterials and their application to the field of environmental sustainability. The green synthesis of nanoparticles process has been widely accepted as a promising technique that can be applied to a variety of fields. The green nanotechnology-based production processes to fabricate nanomaterials operates under green conditions without the intervention of toxic chemicals. The book’s exploration of more reliable and sustainable processes for the synthesis of nanomaterials, can lead to the commercial application of the economically viability of low-cost biofuels production. This important book: Summarizes the quest for an environmentally sustainable synthesis process of nanomaterials for their application to the field of environmental sustainability Offers an alternate, sustainable green energy approach that can be commercially implemented worldwide Covers recent approaches such as fabrication of nanomaterial that apply low cost, green methods and examines its impact on various existing bioenergy applications Written for researchers, academics and students of nanotechnology, nanosciences, bioenergy, material science, environmental sciences, and pollution control, Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Bioenergy Applications is a must-have guide that covers green synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials for cost effective bioenergy applications.
Book Synopsis Zero Waste Biorefinery by : Yogalakshmi Kadapakkam Nandabalan
Download or read book Zero Waste Biorefinery written by Yogalakshmi Kadapakkam Nandabalan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-12 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of process, technologies and value added products such as high value biochemicals and biofuels produced from different waste biorefineries. The book is sectioned into four categories providing a comprehensive outlook about zero waste biorefinery and technologies associated with it. The emerging technologies that potentially put back the lignocellulosic waste, municipal solid waste and food waste into intrinsic recycling for production of high value biochemicals and bioenergy, along with associated challenges and opportunities are also included. The content also focuses on algal biorefineries leading to sustainable circular economy through production of broad spectrum of bioactive compounds, bioethanol, biobutanol, biohydrogen, biodiesel through integrated biorefinery approach. The volume also includes chapters on conversion technologies and mathematical models applied for process optimization. A sound foundation about the underlying principles of biorefineries and a up-to-date state-of-the-art based overview on the latest advances in terms of scientific knowledge, techno-economic developments and life cycle assessment methodologies of integrated waste biorefinery is provided. This volume will be of great interest to professionals, post-graduate students and policy makers involved in waste management, biorefineries, circular economy and sustainable development.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Edible Fats and Oils Technology by : Yee-Ying Lee
Download or read book Recent Advances in Edible Fats and Oils Technology written by Yee-Ying Lee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-15 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written by international experts with both academic and industrial credentials. It presents for the first time, a collection of up-to-date scientific advances in the area of edible fats and oils technology, over a span of 10 years from 2009 to the year 2019. The book covers the existing and recent advanced techniques adopted in the edible fats and oils research and touches on the processing and modification, to the traceability and sustainability issues of fats and oils. Some recent technologies like supercritical carbon dioxide, microwave, ultrasound, and enzymatic‐ assisted processes, ionic liquid, enzymatic processes, biosensor and membrane technology are presented in the book. The book aims to provide the technologists and researchers in research, development and operations in the edible fats and oils industries with critical and readily accessible information on the recent advances in the field. The book is divided into three broad sections- Fats and Oils Chemistry and Processing, Fats and Oils Modification and Health Implications, and Fats and Oils Safety, Social, Environmental and Economic Impacts. It is an extremely comprehensive and valuable resource, which serves as an essential reference for students and lipid scientists from academia or industry.
Book Synopsis Bioentrepreneurship and Transferring Technology Into Product Development by : Agarwal, Swati
Download or read book Bioentrepreneurship and Transferring Technology Into Product Development written by Agarwal, Swati and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-06-25 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In terms of becoming a successful bioentrepreneur, there is still much more to learn. There are many ways to learn the essential fundamentals of entrepreneurship, including through the mistakes of previous businesses and models. Increased knowledge and a better understanding of what works can be derived from these previous failures and mistakes. Additionally, learning from other bioentrepreneurs can help businesses run successfully. By looking deeper into business models, product development, the fundamental concepts of bioentrepreneurship, and the essential characteristics of bioentrepreneurs, one can become better equipped to understand the role of biological sciences in entrepreneurship, specifically the role of product development. Bioentrepreneurship and Transferring Technology Into Product Development provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of biological sciences, specifically in transforming technology into commercial product. This book compiles the theoretical and practical aspects of bioentrepreneurship and discusses the various factors, including creating business plans, acquiring funding, and successful business models. The chapters also cover areas such as small-scale product development, intellectual property rights, funding schemes for start-ups, and new prospective biotechnology product development. This book is essential for bioentrepreneurs, entrepreneurs, product developers, scientists, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students interested in product development from a biological science perspective.
Book Synopsis Value-added Products from Algae by : Abdelfatah Abomohra
Download or read book Value-added Products from Algae written by Abdelfatah Abomohra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of value-added products from algae, presenting the fundamentals of algal cultivation, metabolism, harvest, and cellular pathways of phycochemicals biosynthesis. It offers sufficient details for both experts and non-experts to grasp the recent progress in this field. The book also discusses new phycochemicals and advancements in technology development, from separation to scale-up commercialization. Divided into 18 chapters, the book begins with an introduction to the value of algae as a renewable resource, followed by an authoritative overview of topics such as algae cultivation systems, harvesting techniques, phycochemical analysis, artificial intelligence in phytochemical recognition, and bioprocess engineering. Additional chapters cover various aspects of algal biotechnology, including biorefinery technology, biofuel-integrated routes, and the use of wastewater for algal growth. The book also explores high throughput screening methods for microalgae-based phycochemicals and examines the catalytic processes involved in algal bioprocessing. Cutting-edge topics such as omics approaches for algal applications, algal-based biopolymers, diatom nanostructured biosilica, and the potential of seaweeds in methane emission mitigation, are also explored. In this book, readers will discover the recent technological applications of algae in aquaculture and will find a case study on the functional food potential of Spirulina. Recognizing the importance of legislation and biosecurity in the field, the last chapter of the book addresses the regulatory frameworks and biosecurity measures necessary for the safe and sustainable development of algal biotechnology. Given its breadth, the book is a valuable resource for scholars, researchers and professionals interested in algal biotechnology, sustainability, biomass conversion, and new algal products from any perspective.
Book Synopsis Advanced Technologies in Biodiesel by : Aminul Islam
Download or read book Advanced Technologies in Biodiesel written by Aminul Islam and published by Momentum Press. This book was released on 2015-04-24 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inadequacy of fossil fuel is the main driving force of the future sustainable energy around the world. Since heterogeneous catalysis is used in chemical industry for biodiesel production, achieving optimal catalytic performance is a significant issue for chemical engineers and chemists. Enormous attention has been placed in recent years on the selection of heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel industry, where the catalyst could be facilitated highly selective toward desired products, easily handled, separated from the reaction medium, and subsequently reused. This book stresses an overview on the contributions of tailored solid acid and base catalysts to catalytic biodiesel synthesis, and the in uences of heterogeneous catalyst properties on biodiesel yield in order to develop a better understanding of catalyst design for the green production process as well as practical applications in the biodiesel industry.
Book Synopsis Biological Macromolecules by : Amit Kumar Nayak
Download or read book Biological Macromolecules written by Amit Kumar Nayak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Macromolecules: Bioactivity and Biomedical Applications presents a comprehensive study of biomacromolecules and their potential use in various biomedical applications. Consisting of four sections, the book begins with an overview of the key sources, properties and functions of biomacromolecules, covering the foundational knowledge required for study on the topic. It then progresses to a discussion of the various bioactive components of biomacromolecules. Individual chapters explore a range of potential bioactivities, considering the use of biomacromolecules as nutraceuticals, antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticancer agents, and antidiabetics, among others. The third section of the book focuses on specific applications of biomacromolecules, ranging from drug delivery and wound management to tissue engineering and enzyme immobilization. This focus on the various practical uses of biological macromolecules provide an interdisciplinary assessment of their function in practice. The final section explores the key challenges and future perspectives on biological macromolecules in biomedicine. Covers a variety of different biomacromolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in plants, fungi, animals, and microbiological resources Discusses a range of applicable areas where biomacromolecules play a significant role, such as drug delivery, wound management, and regenerative medicine Includes a detailed overview of biomacromolecule bioactivity and properties Features chapters on research challenges, evolving applications, and future perspectives
Download or read book Biofuels written by Ashok Pandey and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-07-18 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biofuels" provides state-of-the-art information on the status of biofuel production and related aspects. It includes a detailed overview of the alternative energy field and the role of biofuels as new energy sources, and gives a detailed account of the production of biodiesel from non-conventional bio-feedstocks such as algae and vegetable oils.
Download or read book Biodiesel written by Zhen Fang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-12-03 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the development of biodiesel systems from the production of feedstocks and their processing technologies to the comprehensive applications of both by-products and biodiesel. It should be of interest for students, researchers, scientists and technologists.
Book Synopsis Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals by : Sudhir P. Singh
Download or read book Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals written by Sudhir P. Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-04-03 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Enzyme Catalysis and Technologies intends to provide the basic structural and functional descriptions, and classification of enzymes. The scientific information related to the recombinant enzyme modifications, discovery of novel enzymes and development of synthetic enzymes are also presented. The translational aspects of enzyme catalysis and bioprocess technologies are illustrated, by emphasizing the current requirements and future perspectives of industrial biotechnology. Several case studies are included on enzymes for biofuels application, micro algal biorefineries, high-value bioactive molecules production and enzymes for environmental processes, such as enzymatic bioprocessing for functional food development, biocatalytic technologies for the production of functional sweetener, etc. Provides a conceptual understanding of enzyme catalysis, enzyme engineering, discovery of novel enzymes, and technology perspectives Includes comprehensive information about the inventions and advancement in enzyme system development for biomass processing and functional food developmental aspects Gives an updated reference for education and understanding of enzyme technology
Book Synopsis Food Waste to Valuable Resources by : Rajesh Banu
Download or read book Food Waste to Valuable Resources written by Rajesh Banu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food Waste to Valuable Resources: Applications and Management compiles current information pertaining to food waste, placing particular emphasis on the themes of food waste management, biorefineries, valuable specialty products and technoeconomic analysis. Following its introduction, this book explores new valuable resource technologies, the bioeconomy, the technoeconomical evaluation of food-waste-based biorefineries, and the policies and regulations related to a food-waste-based economy. It is an ideal reference for researchers and industry professionals working in the areas of food waste valorization, food science and technology, food producers, policymakers and NGOs, environmental technologists, environmental engineers, and students studying environmental engineering, food science, and more. Presents recent advances, trends and challenges related to food waste valorization Contains invaluable knowledge on of food waste management, biorefineries, valuable specialty products and technoeconomic analysis Highlights modern advances and applications of food waste bioresources in various products’ recovery
Book Synopsis Microbes Based Approaches for the Management of Hazardous Contaminants by : Ajay Kumar
Download or read book Microbes Based Approaches for the Management of Hazardous Contaminants written by Ajay Kumar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-09-11 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn the various microbiological aspects one deals with in environment management and the remediation of toxic contaminants in the environment In recent years, the accumulation of hazardous contaminants has caused a broad-based deterioration in global environmental quality. These have had wide-ranging negative social impacts, affecting climate, soil and water ecosystems, and more. As traditional methods of contaminant mitigation have proven inadequate to the task, microbial-based remediation offers the clearest, most environmentally friendly path forward for this crucial aspect of global environmental stewardship. Microbes Based Approaches for the Management of Hazardous Contaminants offers comprehensive coverage of novel and indigenous microbes and their applications in contaminant mitigation. Surveying all the major microbial products and methods for degrading and remediating hazardous pollutants, it offers a key tool in the fight against global environmental degradation. The result is a cutting-edge introduction to an essential subject. Microbes Based Approaches for the Management of Hazardous Contaminants will also find: Current and future approaches to microbial degradation Detailed discussion of biofilms, exopolysaccharides, enzymes, metabolites, and many more Coverage of metabolic engineering as an alternative strategy Microbes Based Approaches for the Management of Hazardous Contaminants is ideal for those working in the field for the application of microbes in the remediation of hazardous pollutants and environment management, particularly those interested in environmental sciences, microbiology and microbial technology, environmental biotechnology, and molecular biology.
Book Synopsis Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (pome) Using Lipase Immobilized in PVA-alginate-sulfate Beads by : Nabilah Zulkefli
Download or read book Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (pome) Using Lipase Immobilized in PVA-alginate-sulfate Beads written by Nabilah Zulkefli and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
