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Price Transmission And Market Power In Modern Agricultural Value Chains
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Book Synopsis Price Transmission and Market Power in Modern Agricultural Value Chains by : Johan Swinnen
Download or read book Price Transmission and Market Power in Modern Agricultural Value Chains written by Johan Swinnen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Modern" agricultural markets are characterized by, among other things, quality requirements and vertical coordination. The nature of the industrial organization of the value chain depends on a variety of factors, such as local institutions, economic growth, demand, institutional infrastructure etc. In this paper we present a conceptual framework to explicitly integrate key characteristics of these "modern" agricultural markets and derive implications for price transmission and market power in these markets and value chains.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Markets Instability by : Alberto Garrido
Download or read book Agricultural Markets Instability written by Alberto Garrido and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-01-08 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the financial and food price crises of 2007, market instability has been a topic of major concern to agricultural economists and policy professionals. This volume provides an overview of the key issues surrounding food prices volatility, focusing primarily on drivers, long-term implications of volatility and its impacts on food chains and consumers. The book explores which factors and drivers are volatility-increasing and which others are price level-increasing, and whether these two distinctive effects can be identified and measured. It considers the extent to which increasing instability affects agents in the value chain, as well as the actual impacts on the most vulnerable households in the EU and in selected developing countries. It also analyses which policies are more effective to avert and mitigate the effects of instability. Developed from the work of the European-based ULYSSES project, the book synthesises the most recent literature on the topic and presents the views of practitioners, businesses, NGOs and farmers' organizations. It draws policy responses and recommendations for policy makers at both European and on international levels.
Book Synopsis Policy-induced market distortions along agricultural value chains: Evidence from Ethiopia and Nigeria by : Allen, Summer L.
Download or read book Policy-induced market distortions along agricultural value chains: Evidence from Ethiopia and Nigeria written by Allen, Summer L. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-05-20 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performance of agrifood value chains of vital importance for smallholder farmers in developing countries. Measuring and understanding how government policies, such taxes, subsidies, minimum support prices, and government procurement, impact particular value chains is essential to minimize unintended consequences for value chain actors. This analysis of distortions in value chains in Ethiopia (sheep and goats) and Nigeria (cacao and palm oil) uses nominal rates of protection (NRPs) to measure the impact of policies on domestic prices for producers and consumers. Using the NRP methodology is effective for highlighting the significant impact of agricultural policies on prices from the local to the country level and along entire agrifood value chains.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Trade and Markets Division Publisher :FAO ISBN 13 : Total Pages :308 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Governance, Coordination and Distribution Along Commodity Value Chains by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Trade and Markets Division
Download or read book Governance, Coordination and Distribution Along Commodity Value Chains written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Trade and Markets Division and published by FAO. This book was released on 2007 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant changes are taking place in the value chain for many agricultural commodities, particularly those fresh products destined for supermarket shelves. The changing patterns of these value chains in agriculture affect equity between producers and buyers and equity among producers themselves, alter the allocation of resources in agriculture and have implications for domestic as well as international policy. This set of workshop proceedings is published to assist in the understanding and analysis of the implications of these developments, particularly the development of market power among the participants in these markets.
Book Synopsis Financial services and logistics innovation within agri-food value chains: A conceptual framework by : Ambler, Kate
Download or read book Financial services and logistics innovation within agri-food value chains: A conceptual framework written by Ambler, Kate and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-01-03 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finance and logistics services for agricultural value chains based on technological innovations exist in several LMICs, but they are not often extended to small holders or SMEs working in the agricultural midstream. We consider the constraints to adoption of those services faced by smallholders or SMEs. Finance and logistics improvements hold promise for increased employment, but research is needed to understand where employment gains are most likely. All value chain innovations must carefully consider possible equity-efficiency tradeoffs to ensure change does not negatively affect poor and vulnerable populations.
Book Synopsis Modern Agricultural Value Chains and the Future of Smallholder Farming Systems by : Meilin Ma
Download or read book Modern Agricultural Value Chains and the Future of Smallholder Farming Systems written by Meilin Ma and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smallholder farms continue to play a prominent role in many developing countries. A substantial debate has emerged regarding the future role of smallholder farms as a means to lift rural households out of poverty and contribute to food security as part of modern agricultural value chains. This paper builds a conceptual model to compare household income and total food output under smallholder production versus a hypothetical setting wherein households cease engaging as farm owner-operators, but supply land and labor to consolidated commercial farms. Based on the empirical literature, we calibrate the model to quantify the advantages in accessing working capital and output marketing that can plausibly accrue to large-scale farming operations and offset any labor efficiency decrement compared to smallholder farms. Results show that households can earn more from renting out land and labor into competitive factor markets for a wide range of plausible market conditions. The higher the price premium commanded by and less the loss in labor efficiency on large farms, and the tighter the credit constraints on smallholders, the greater is the income advantage from supplying inputs to large farms over operating small farms. An output advantage also accrues to large farms under similar conditions.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Value Chain by : Gokhan Egilmez
Download or read book Agricultural Value Chain written by Gokhan Egilmez and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the agricultural value chain issues that occur in different parts of the world and aims to increase our understanding about the sustainable agricultural value chain paradigm. By reading through these chapters, the readers will witness various interesting, sometimes sad, commonalities among different regions of the world, where smallholder farmers and producers are severely affected by various agricultural policy deficiencies or mistakes and inexistences. The book consists of 14 chapters, which comprehensively cover over 20 agricultural products from more than 15 different regions of the world. Various qualitative and quantitative research methods are presented including surveys, case studies, interviews, price transmission, risk analysis, and multiagent system technology.
Book Synopsis Making Markets More Inclusive by : K. McKague
Download or read book Making Markets More Inclusive written by K. McKague and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most studies of doing business at the "bottom of the economic pyramid" focus on viewing the poor as consumers, as micro-entrepreneurs, or as potential employees of local companies. Almost no analysis focuses on the poor as primary producers of agricultural commodities a striking omission given that primary producers are by far the largest segment of the working-age population in developing economies. Making Markets More Inclusive bridges the management literature with original research on agricultural value chains in developing and emerging economies. This exciting work is the first to delve into the skills, capabilities, strategies and approaches needed for inclusive value chain development. McKague shows how NGOs and companies can connect poor producers in developing economies with the right markets to better create social and economic impact. He also analyzes one of the leading agricultural value chain initiatives in the world, which is being replicated by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in several different value chains in Malawi, Tanzania, Ghana, India, and Mali. Want more? Check out these compelling videos, which provide a glimpse into the stories and examples used throughout the book. Video Trailer for Making Markets More Inclusive. Farmer Training. Kallani Rani increased the productivity of her cows, become a cattle feed seller in her village (Chapter 6), and opened a fresh milk canteen in her local market (Chapter 7). She now trains other women farmers and works to improve opportunities for women in her community (Chapter 5). Animal Health Care Services. Asma Husna trained to be an animal health worker with CARE to provide important animal health services and education to local farmers on a fee-for-service basis (Chapter 6). Cattle Feed Shops. Fulera Akter started a business as a cattle feed seller after demand for nutritional animal feed grew due to farmers' improved knowledge of nutrition (Chapter 6). Savings Groups. Coauthor Muhammad Siddiquee, the Coordinator of Agriculture and Value Chain Programs at CARE Bangladesh, discusses the value of farmer savings groups (Chapter 6). Milk Collection. Sarothi Rani became a milk collector to earn an improved income for her family and provide an important service to other dairy farmers in her community (Chapter 7). Digital Fat Testing. Introducing digital fat testing machines into the dairy value chain helped reward farmers for making investments in producing higher quality milk, as well as ensuring transparent and timely payments (Chapter 7). Microfranchising. Supporting agricultural input shop owners with training, relationships to suppliers, common branding, and standardized customer services improves the productivity of smallholder farmers and the profitability of shops (Chapter 12). Bangladesh Dairy Value Chain Learning. Reflections from some of the 40 CARE staff from 17 countries who came to Bangladesh to learn from the experience of the dairy value chain project (Chapter 15).
Book Synopsis Interventions for inclusive and efficient value chains: Insights from CGIAR research by : de Brauw, Alan
Download or read book Interventions for inclusive and efficient value chains: Insights from CGIAR research written by de Brauw, Alan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-12-31 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts to promote the development of agricultural value chains are a common element of strategies to stimulate economic growth in low-income countries. Since the world food price crisis in 2007-2008, developing country governments, international donor agencies, and development practitioners have placed additional emphasis on making agricultural value chains work better for the poor. As value chains evolve to serve new markets, they tend to become less inclusive. For example, if a market for high quality rice arises within an economy, it is inherently easier for traders who sell rice to retailers to source that high quality rice from larger farms that are better able to control its quality than from dozens of smallholder farms. As a result, the normal path of value chain evolution can be biased against smallholders; hence, it is important to understand what types of interventions can make value chains more inclusive while also making them more efficient. In this brief, we summarize studies on five types of value chain interventions that were supported by the CGIAR’s Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) through its Flagship 3 on Inclusive and Effective Value Chains. Figure 1 illustrates a “typical” agricultural value chain, including the five intervention types (in orange). These include interventions that attempt to deal with multiple production constraints; certification; contract farming; public-private partnerships; and “other” services related to trading and marketing agricultural products. Apart from the last category, these interventions all involve production. This reflects the fact that smallholder producers can be considered, in some ways, the weakest link in evolving agricultural value chains (de Brauw and Bulte 2021). Hence, it is sensible to target interventions either at or close to smallholders. However, in some cases, the best way to overcome smallholder constraints may be to help actors at other points in the value chain overcome constraints. Many interventions share a focus on reducing transaction costs to promote smallholder market integration. Ideally, interventions increase both efficiency and inclusion, but we observe that such win-win outcomes are rare. Trade-offs appear to be more common than synergies, and some value chain interventions involve clear winners and losers.
Book Synopsis Increasing Concentration in the Agricultural Supply Chain by : Richard J. Sexton
Download or read book Increasing Concentration in the Agricultural Supply Chain written by Richard J. Sexton and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing consolidation and vertical coordination in the food chain have made the prospect of market power abuses by powerful food manufacturers and retailers an issue and a policy concern worldwide, in terms of potential impacts on farmer and consumer welfare and sector efficiency. We address the extent to which traditional wisdom and standard conceptual and empirical models that have girded thought about market power in the food chain for decades apply in modern food-market contexts and examine recent work on competition in the food chain to gauge the most promising paths forward. A key conclusion is that considerations that go beyond the bounds of standard models likely cause market power to be less than would be predicted based on the highly concentrated structures of many modern agricultural and food markets. These considerations include downstream buyers who rationally internalize long-run implications of their pricing decisions to farmers, powerful food manufacturers and retailers who countervail each other's market power, and the complex pricing decisions of multistore and multiproduct food retailers.
Book Synopsis Agrifood value chains in low-income countries by : Bernard, T.
Download or read book Agrifood value chains in low-income countries written by Bernard, T. and published by Food & Agriculture Org. [Author] [Author]. This book was released on 2024-05-30 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing that agrifood value chains (AFVCs) are essential to ensure food security and foster structural change, FAO seeks to reassess the array of policies and interventions needed to protect and strengthen AFVCs in low-income countries and fragile states. [Author] This White Paper aims to contribute to this initiative by shedding light on largely unaccounted-for market structures at midstream segments of AFVCs. [Author] Building on the field of Industrial Organization in economics, we develop a theoretical framework and a related simulation tool that one can inform with existing or specifically collected data. [Author] Simulation outcomes help predict how different types of shocks may affect key food security outcomes, under different levels of concentration in midstream segments of AFVCs. [Author] We illustrate this approach using data from the Ethiopian wheat AFVC in 2013. [Author]
Book Synopsis Detecting threshold effects in price transmission by : Traore, Fousseini
Download or read book Detecting threshold effects in price transmission written by Traore, Fousseini and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-10-29 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis of price transmission plays a key role in understanding markets integration. This helps identify the nature of the relationship between geographically distant markets and cross-commodity price transmission, as well as the impact of liberalization policies and the identification of regions exposed to systemic shocks. This technical note contributes to the debate between symmetric and asymmetric price transmission and proposes to present the traditional and new approaches for detecting threshold effects in price transmission while focusing on their advantages and limitations. There is no one-size-fits-all method to detect threshold effects in price transmission. Experts need to select a combination of elements (context of study, the economy under consideration, data availability…) to justify the relevancy of their choice. Beyond the presentation of the methods for detecting thresholds in price transmission, we perform an application in the case of the rice market in Senegal. The results support the evidence of an asymmetric price transmission between world and domestic prices in the short-run and a symmetric transmission in the long-run.
Book Synopsis PIM achievements in innovations related to inclusive and efficient agricultural value chains by : de Brauw, Alan
Download or read book PIM achievements in innovations related to inclusive and efficient agricultural value chains written by de Brauw, Alan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-12-09 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts to promote the development and agricultural value chains area common element of strategies to stimulate economic growth in low-income countries. Since the world food price crisis in 2007-2008, developing country governments, international donor agencies, and development practitioners have placed additional focus on trying to make agricultural value chains work better for the poor. As value chains evolve to serve new markets, they tend to become less inclusive. For example, if a value chain for high quality rice arises within an economy, it is inherently easier for those who sell rice to retailers to source that high quality rice from larger farms with the ability to control quality than from dozens of smallholder farms. As a result, the normal path of value chain evolution can be biased against smallholders; hence it is important to understand what types of interventions can make value chains more inclusive while also making them more efficient.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Supply Chains and the Challenge of Price Risk by : John Williams
Download or read book Agricultural Supply Chains and the Challenge of Price Risk written by John Williams and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-04 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the issues of integration within food and fibre supply chains and the challenges in managing price risk. The problems of integration and price risk are interwoven in agricultural supply chains with production and supply risk as well as hoarding. However, without supply chain integration through commercial trade markets there can be no forward market upon which forward transactions and the management of price risk can be based. Without a forward market that can reduce opportunistic behaviour, there is likely to be little security of supply, particularly under high production risk and price uncertainty. Whilst price risk management is possible under certain circumstances, there are many factors that can prevent the development of forward markets or cause them to collapse, thus undermining the ability to manage price risk within acceptable risk and return parameters. Market positions therefore need to be valued and often settled daily due to the risk of contract default. In addition, the issue of currency risk and its management applies to international market positions and transactional exposures. The book analyses a range of price risk management strategies from forward contracting through to futures and options hedging, and finally to over-the-counter products. Evaluation techniques are developed to aid decision-making. The author concludes that forward market development may be the exception rather than the norm, and that whilst favourable price risk management outcomes may be possible, they can sometimes be caused more by luck than through good management. It is shown how tactics are an important consideration in decision-making to minimize costs and losses.
Book Synopsis Beyond the business case for agricultural value chain development: An economywide approach applied to Egypt by : Breisinger, Clemens
Download or read book Beyond the business case for agricultural value chain development: An economywide approach applied to Egypt written by Breisinger, Clemens and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-03-21 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper goes beyond the “business” case for agricultural value chain development and presents an economy-wide framework to make the “development” case. We show that there are several key transmission channels that determine the economy-wide impacts of promoting various value chains, including forward and backward economic linkages, price responses, and net employment effects. These impacts all matter for household incomes, poverty, and dietary diversity. Results for Egypt show that agricultural value chain development generates economy-wide growth as well as growth in the agri-food system, but the impacts on employment suggest that agricultural growth can create new (and better) jobs in and beyond the agri-food system, but not necessarily more jobs. The results also show that productivity-driven agricultural growth in all crops is pro-poor and improves nutrition. However, potential adverse effects of livestock-led growth show that growth acceleration in single sectors can be negative, highlighting the importance of a systems analysis or, in our case, an economy-wide analysis. It is clear that no single sub-sector is best at achieving all the development outcomes examined. Moreover, the ranking of value chains by their development outcomes differs across sub-national regions. As such, results from this paper may provide useful decision support for the government and its development partners to select value chains depending on their priority development outcomes.
Book Synopsis Paradoxes in Food Chains and Networks by : J.H. Trienekens
Download or read book Paradoxes in Food Chains and Networks written by J.H. Trienekens and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 1194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication contains the proceedings of the 5th international conference on chain and network management in agribusiness and the food industry. Papers will focus on the paradoxes caused by conflicting interests in the fields of economics and ethics, technology and environment, legislation and internationalisation, etc. The modern consumer demands highquality products, in broad assortments throughout the year, and for competitive prices. Society imposes constraints on companies in order to economize on the use of resources, ensure animal-friendly and safe production, and restrict pollution. Together with technological developments and increased international competition, these demands have changed the production, trade, and distribution of food products beyond recognition. Demand is no longer confined to local or regional supply. The food industry is now swiftly becoming an interconnected system with a large variety of complex relationships. This is changing the way food is brought to the market. Currently, even fresh produce shipped from halfway around the world can be offered at competitive prices. These developments are accompanied by national and international regulations and legislation in the area of food quality and safety. In response to these changes, business strategies must now focus not only on traditional economical and technological interests, but also on topical issues such as the safety and healthfulness of food products, animal friendliness, the environment, etc. To effectively address paradoxical demands facing businesses, many problems and opportunities must be approached from a multi-disciplinary perspective, and trade-offs must be made between different aspects of production, trade and the distribution of food.
Book Synopsis Agriculture Value Chain - Challenges and Trends in Academia and Industry by : Jorge Hernández
Download or read book Agriculture Value Chain - Challenges and Trends in Academia and Industry written by Jorge Hernández and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-11-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book stands as a significant milestone in the realm of agricultural research and innovation, representing the comprehensive efforts of the RUC-APS Project. The RUC-APS Project, officially known as "Enhancing and Implementing Knowledge-Based ICT Solutions Within High-Risk and Uncertain Conditions for Agriculture Production Systems," was a collaborative initiative under the H2020 European Framework, running from October 3, 2016, to April 2, 2022. Spearheaded by the esteemed Prof. Jorge Hernandez, formerly of the University of Liverpool, UK, and currently affiliated with Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, the project brought together a consortium of 16 participants from 5 EU countries and 3 partners from 2 third countries. This book marks the culmination of rigorous research and insights garnered through a meticulous peer-review process involving contributions from various RUC-APS international conferences held between 2021 and 2023. It delves into the pressing need to address the challenges faced by modern agricultural systems, particularly agricultural value chains, amidst volatile and uncertain environmental conditions. The ever-changing landscape of resources, coupled with factors like unpredictable weather patterns, pest infestations, market fluctuations, and fluctuating commodity prices, necessitates a holistic and adaptive approach to ensure resilience and sustainability across the agricultural value chain. Navigating these complexities requires informed decision-making processes that account for risks throughout the entire agricultural lifecycle. The complexity of these decision-making paradigms underscores the critical importance of this book and the insights gleaned from the RUC-APS Project. By shedding light on multifaceted challenges and proposing innovative solutions, this collaborative effort aims to pave the way for a more resilient and sustainable agricultural landscape.
