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Pressure Gradient Effects On Supersonic Boundary Layer Turbulence
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Book Synopsis Pressure Gradient Effects on Supersonic Boundary Layer Turbulence by : A. J. Laderman
Download or read book Pressure Gradient Effects on Supersonic Boundary Layer Turbulence written by A. J. Laderman and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of mean flow profiles at several streamwise locations in a supersonic turbulent boundary layer growing under a continuous adverse pressure gradient are reported. Tests were performed at a freestream Mach number of 3, for an adiabatic wall, using two curved ramps designed to produce constant pressure gradient flows. The velocity profile data, when transformed to incompressible coordinates, are in good agreement with Coles universal 'wall-wake' velocity profile and they indicate that the boundary layer is in local equilibrium and essentially independent of upstream history. In addition, the Coles wake parameters and Clauser shape factors, characterizing the transformed profiles, are in accord with the results of low speed correlations of adverse pressure gradient flows. The turbulent transport terms were extracted from the mean flow field data and indicate that for a given ramp, the profile of turbulent shear stress normalized by the wall shear, versus distance from the surface, normalized by the local boundary thickness, is severely distored by the pressure gradient although it is apparently insensitive to local conditions.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781722191580 Total Pages :38 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (915 download)
Book Synopsis Effect of Pressure Gradients on Plate Response and Radiation in a Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Effect of Pressure Gradients on Plate Response and Radiation in a Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-02 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the model developed by the author for zero-pressure gradient turbulent boundary layers, results are obtained for adverse and favorable pressure gradients. It is shown that when a flexible plate is located in an adverse pressure gradient area, it vibrates more than if it were in a favorable pressure gradient one. Therefore the noise generated by the plate in an adverse pressure gradient is much greater than that due to the plate in a favorable pressure gradient. The effects of Reynolds number and boundary layer thickness are also analyzed and found to have the same effect in both adverse and favorable pressure gradient cases. Increasing the Reynolds number is found to increase the loading on the plate and therefore acoustic radiation. An increase in boundary layer thickness is found to decrease the level of the high frequencies and therefore the response and radiation at these frequencies. The results are in good qualitative agreement with experimental measurements. Frendi, Abdelkader Langley Research Center NAS1-19700; NAS1-96014; RTOP 537-06-37-20...
Book Synopsis Approximate Turbulent Boundary-layer Development in Plane Compressible Flow Along Thermally Insulated Surfaces with Application to Supersonic-tunnel Contour Correction by : Maurice Tucker
Download or read book Approximate Turbulent Boundary-layer Development in Plane Compressible Flow Along Thermally Insulated Surfaces with Application to Supersonic-tunnel Contour Correction written by Maurice Tucker and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an application of the method, the contour correction of supersonic nozzles for the effects of boundary-layer development is discussed from the requirement of continuity of mass flow and from the requirement of expansion- and shock-wave elimination.
Book Synopsis Turbulent Shear Layers in Supersonic Flow by : Alexander J. Smits
Download or read book Turbulent Shear Layers in Supersonic Flow written by Alexander J. Smits and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-11 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A good understanding of turbulent compressible flows is essential to the design and operation of high-speed vehicles. Such flows occur, for example, in the external flow over the surfaces of supersonic aircraft, and in the internal flow through the engines. Our ability to predict the aerodynamic lift, drag, propulsion and maneuverability of high-speed vehicles is crucially dependent on our knowledge of turbulent shear layers, and our understanding of their behavior in the presence of shock waves and regions of changing pressure. Turbulent Shear Layers in Supersonic Flow provides a comprehensive introduction to the field, and helps provide a basis for future work in this area. Wherever possible we use the available experimental work, and the results from numerical simulations to illustrate and develop a physical understanding of turbulent compressible flows.
Book Synopsis Boundary Layer Transition at Supersonic Speeds by : E. R. Van Driest
Download or read book Boundary Layer Transition at Supersonic Speeds written by E. R. Van Driest and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments carried out in the 12-inch supersonic wind tunnel to investigate the effect of three dimensional roughness elements (spheres) on boundary-layer transition on a 10-degree (apex angle) cone without heat transfer are described. The local Mach number for these tests was 2.71. The data show clearly that the minimum (effective) size of trip required to bring transition to its lowest Reynolds number varies power of the distance from the apex of the cone to the trip. Use of available data at other Mach numbers indicates that the Mach number influence for effective tripping is taken into account by a simple expression. Some remarks concerning the roughness variation for transition on a blunt body are made. Finally, a general criterion is introduced which gives insight to the transition phenomenon and anticipates effects of external and internal disturbances, Mach number transfer.
Book Synopsis Boundary Layer Effects by : Anthony W. Fiore
Download or read book Boundary Layer Effects written by Anthony W. Fiore and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1975 the U.S. Air Force and the Federal Republic of Germany signed a Data Exchange Agreement numbered AF-75-G-7440 entitled 'Viscous and Interacting Flow Fields.' The purpose was to exchange data in the area of boundary layer research. It includes both experimental and theoretical boundary layer research at speeds from subsonic to hypersonic Mach numbers in the presence of laminar, transitional, and turbulent boundary layers. The main effort in recent years has been on turbulent boundary layers, both attached and separated in the presence of such parameters as pressure gradients, wall temperature, surface roughness, etc. In the United States the research was conducted in various Department of Defense, NASA, aircraft corporations, and various university laboratories. In the Federal Republic of Germany it was carried out within the various DFVLR, industrial, and university research centers.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Supersonic Turbulent Boundary-layer Separation on a Compression Ramp by an Integral Method by :
Download or read book Investigation of Supersonic Turbulent Boundary-layer Separation on a Compression Ramp by an Integral Method written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inhibition of Flow Separation at High Speed by : Larry L. Lynes
Download or read book Inhibition of Flow Separation at High Speed written by Larry L. Lynes and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The method of integral relations was successfully applied to compressible nonadiabatic turbulent boundary layers on a flat plate. The theory is designed to accept any desired eddy-viscosity model. A particular eddy-viscosity model was incorporated into the method, and the equations were programmed for application to a flat plate with no pressure gradient. The variations of the skin-friction coefficient with Reynolds number, Mach number, and temperature ratio were calculated using this program, and the results are in good accord with similar results calculated by the Spalding-Chi method and the Rubesin T' method. An analysis was made to predict to what extent turbulent separation of the free-interaction type can be inhibited by means of surface cooling. It was observed experimentally that free-interaction is applicable to separated turbulent boundary layers up to the separation point or beyond. The free-interaction model used in the analysis is based on adding the boundary-layer displacement thickness to the actual body dimensions in calculating the induced pressures. The critical temperature ratios calculated on this basis are generally greater than adiabatic wall temperature except in the supersonic range up to a Mach number approaching 3, where moderate cooling is required to inhibit separation.
Book Synopsis Fluctuation Measurements in Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers by : Alan. L. Kistler
Download or read book Fluctuation Measurements in Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers written by Alan. L. Kistler and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Supersonic Turbulent Boundary-layer Flows with Mass Injection Through Slots And/or Porous Walls by : Alvin L. Murray
Download or read book Supersonic Turbulent Boundary-layer Flows with Mass Injection Through Slots And/or Porous Walls written by Alvin L. Murray and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An implicit finite-difference method was used to solve the compressible boundary-layer equations, and to study the effects of mass transfer through porous plates, slots, and a combination of the two. The effects of the external pressure field were also included by using a global pressure interaction scheme. Two different eddy viscosity models were used for the slot and slot-porous combination cases: one was a two-layer model with inner and outer laws, and the other was a multi-layer model with as many as five separate layers. Results of the present method were compared with experimental data at a Mach number of 2.8. Comparisons of the skin friction reduction and Mach number profiles gave good to excellent agreement. Pressure interaction had little effect on the slot injection skin friction but increased the skin friction of the porous and slot-porous combination markedly.
Book Synopsis An Analytical Study of the Measured Wall Pressure Field Under Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers by : Thomas J. Black
Download or read book An Analytical Study of the Measured Wall Pressure Field Under Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers written by Thomas J. Black and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Factors Affecting Transition at Supersonic Speeds by : K. R. Czarnecki
Download or read book Factors Affecting Transition at Supersonic Speeds written by K. R. Czarnecki and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper surveys the available material and summarizes what is known to date about boundary-layer transition at supersonic speeds. Variables studied include Mach number, Reynolds number, pressure gradients, heat transfer, surface roughness, and angle of attack. The discussion is limited to bodies of revolution because similar reliable data for wings is lacking.
Book Synopsis Data on Effects of Incident-reflecting Shocks on the Turbulent Boundary Layer by : S. Z. Pinckney
Download or read book Data on Effects of Incident-reflecting Shocks on the Turbulent Boundary Layer written by S. Z. Pinckney and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Examination of the Existing Data on the Heat Transfer of Turbulent Boundary Layers at Supersonic Speeds from the Point of View of Reynolds Analogy by : Alvin Seiff
Download or read book Examination of the Existing Data on the Heat Transfer of Turbulent Boundary Layers at Supersonic Speeds from the Point of View of Reynolds Analogy written by Alvin Seiff and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat-transfer data from four wind-tunnel experiments and two free-flight experiments with turbulent boundary layers have been examined to see whether or not they are well represented by the Reynolds analogy or a modification thereof. The heat-transfer results are put into the form of dimensionless Stanton numbers based on fluid properties at the outer edge of the boundary layer and are compared with skin-friction coefficients for the same Mach numbers and wall to free-stream temperature ratios as obtained from an interpolation of the existing skin-friction data. The effective Reynolds number is taken to be the length Reynolds number measured from the effective turbulent origin, a position which differs importantly from the leading edge of the test surface in some cases.
Book Synopsis Separation of Flow by : Paul K. Chang
Download or read book Separation of Flow written by Paul K. Chang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interdisciplinary and Advanced Topics in Science and Engineering, Volume 3: Separation of Flow presents the problem of the separation of fluid flow. This book provides information covering the fields of basic physical processes, analyses, and experiments concerning flow separation. Organized into 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the flow separation on the body surface as discusses in various classical examples. This text then examines the analytical and experimental results of the laminar boundary layer of steady, two-dimensional flows in the subsonic speed range. Other chapters consider the study of flow separation on the two-dimensional body, flow separation on three-dimensional body shape and particularly on bodies of revolution. This book discusses as well the analytical solutions of the unsteady flow separation. The final chapter deals with the purpose of separation flow control to raise efficiency or to enhance the performance of vehicles and fluid machineries involving various engineering applications. This book is a valuable resource for engineers.
Book Synopsis Mixing of Supersonic Jets Including the Effects of Transvere Pressure Gradient Using Difference Methods by : Anatole P. Kurkov
Download or read book Mixing of Supersonic Jets Including the Effects of Transvere Pressure Gradient Using Difference Methods written by Anatole P. Kurkov and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The usual boundary-layer equations describing the steady-state mixing of parallel jets are supplemented by the momentum equation in the direction normal to the flow. This allows detailed computation of the flow field in the mixing region and simultaneous computation of the outer inviscid flow. An explicit and an implicit finite difference scheme have been developed and applied in several illustrative examples. The examples include mixing of planar and axisymmetric supersonic jets of different composition with both matched and unmatched static pressures. Numerical results were compared with available experimental data obtained for the unmatched pressure case.
Book Synopsis Interaction of a Turbulent Boundary Layer with a Normal Shock Wave Followed by an Adverse Pressure Gradient by : W. H. Schofield
Download or read book Interaction of a Turbulent Boundary Layer with a Normal Shock Wave Followed by an Adverse Pressure Gradient written by W. H. Schofield and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental study was made of the development of a turbulent boundary layer after an interaction with a normal shock wave (strong enough to cause a local separation) in a strong adverse pressure gradient. This type of flow, which occurs in air breathing engine components (e.g. supersonic intakes, transonic compressor stages and supersonic diffusers), is poorly understood and cannot be satisfactorily predicted. The measurements, made in a closed duct, extended well downstream of the shock wave interaction. Detailed results for the flow are presented and used to support two major conclusions. It is shown that the post shock adverse pressure gradient has a large effect on boundary layer development through the interaction and downstream of it. Consequently existing results for interactions without a post shock pressure gradient should not be used as a model for practical flows which typically have strong pressure gradients applied downstream of the shock wave. The second conclusions was that the shock wave in a rectangular duct produced a pronounced stabilising effect on the downstream flow. Surface flow visualization suggests that this stabilization is achieved by streamwise vortices shed into the flow from the separated region formed by the shock wave. Implications of this result to nominally two-dimensional flow situations and to flows with weak interactions without local separations are discussed.
