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Presidential Appointments To Full Time Positions In Independent And Other Agencies During The 108th Congress Rl32906
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Book Synopsis Senate of the United States by : Jason B. Cattler
Download or read book Senate of the United States written by Jason B. Cattler and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure of the American Senate, its longer term than the 2 years of Representatives and its history have resulted in a very powerful political structure. This book focuses on the committees, rules and procedures established for managing this august body.
Book Synopsis Supreme Court Nominations by : Denis Steven Rutkus
Download or read book Supreme Court Nominations written by Denis Steven Rutkus and published by TheCapitol.Net Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the Supreme Court Justice appointment process--from Presidential announcement, Judiciary Committee investigation, confirmation hearings, vote, and report to the Senate, through Senate debate and vote on the nomination.
Book Synopsis Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Independent and Other Agencies During the 111th Congress by : Maeve P. Carey
Download or read book Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Independent and Other Agencies During the 111th Congress written by Maeve P. Carey and published by . This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Presidential Appointments to Full-time Positions by : Henry B. Hogue
Download or read book Presidential Appointments to Full-time Positions written by Henry B. Hogue and published by Nova Biomedical Books. This book was released on 2002 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Constitution empowers the president to nominate and, with 'the advice and consent of the Senate', to appoint the principal officers of the Unites States. This process is marked by three distinct stages: nomination, confirmation, and appointment. After the President submits an individual's name for nomination to a specific position, the nominee must then appear before the Senate, which holds hearings to decide whether to confirm the president's choice. If the Senate votes to approve the nominee, the president then appoints that person to assume the job. In recent years, though, this process has become increasingly partisan as Senate hearings have pitted Republican against Democrat in ideological battles over a nominee's fitness for government service. One of the most notable examples of President George W Bush's tenure was the confirmation debate over Attorney General John Ashcroft. However, the president has to make appointments to fill other, less high-profile positions in agencies such as the Postal Rate Commission and the Surface Transportation Board. The process tends to be deliberate, making for several vacancies in certain agencies, along with incumbents serving beyond their terms. This book provides an overview of the presidential appointment process, as well as descriptions of each federal agency the president is tasked to staff. Also included are lists of some of President Bush's nominees and their current status. The importance of presidential appointments is clear, as the nominees have the opportunity to influence the nation's agenda and direction. The analysis presented here then becomes needed in understanding an important constitutional process and its impact on the nation today.
Book Synopsis National Security Management Review by : Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
Download or read book National Security Management Review written by Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Congressional Research Service Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781545111680 Total Pages :98 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (116 download)
Book Synopsis The War Powers Resolution by : Congressional Research Service
Download or read book The War Powers Resolution written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses and assesses the War Powers Resolution and its application since enactment in 1973, providing detailed background on various cases in which it was used, as well as cases in which issues of its applicability were raised. It will be revised biannually. In the post-Cold War world, Presidents have continued to commit U.S. Armed Forces into potential hostilities, sometimes without a specific authorization from Congress. Thus the War Powers Resolution and its purposes continue to be a potential subject of controversy. On June 7, 1995, the House defeated, by a vote of 217-201, an amendment to repeal the central features of the War Powers Resolution that have been deemed unconstitutional by every President since the law's enactment in 1973. In 1999, after the President committed U.S. military forces to action in Yugoslavia without congressional authorization, Representative Tom Campbell used expedited procedures under the Resolution to force a debate and votes on U.S. military action in Yugoslavia, and later sought, unsuccessfully, through a federal court suit to enforce presidential compliance with the terms of the War Powers Resolution. The War Powers Resolution P.L. 93-148 was passed over the veto of President Nixon on November 7, 1973, to provide procedures for Congress and the President to participate in decisions to send U.S. Armed Forces into hostilities. Section 4(a)(1) requires the President to report to Congress any introduction of U.S. forces into hostilities or imminent hostilities. When such a report is submitted, or is required to be submitted, Section 5(b) requires that the use of forces must be terminated within 60 to 90 days unless Congress authorizes such use or extends the time period. Section 3 requires that the "President in every possible instance shall consult with Congress before introducing" U.S. Armed Forces into hostilities or imminent hostilities. From 1975 through March 2017, Presidents have submitted 168 reports as the result of the War Powers Resolution, but only one, the 1975 Mayaguez seizure, cited Section 4(a)(1), which triggers the 60-day withdrawal requirement, and in this case the military action was completed and U.S. armed forces had disengaged from the area of conflict when the report was made. The reports submitted by the President since enactment of the War Powers Resolution cover a range of military activities, from embassy evacuations to full-scale combat military operations, such as the Persian Gulf conflict, and the 2003 war with Iraq, the intervention in Kosovo, and the anti-terrorism actions in Afghanistan. In some instances, U.S. Armed Forces have been used in hostile situations without formal reports to Congress under the War Powers Resolution. On one occasion, Congress exercised its authority to determine that the requirements of Section 4(a)(1) became operative on August 29, 1983, through passage of the Multinational Force in Lebanon Resolution (P.L. 98-119). In 1991 and 2002, Congress authorized, by law, the use of military force against Iraq. In several instances none of the President, Congress, or the courts has been willing to initiate the procedures of or enforce the directives in the War Powers Resolution.
Author :Congressional Research Service Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781793088772 Total Pages :34 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (887 download)
Book Synopsis Cryptocurrency by : Congressional Research Service
Download or read book Cryptocurrency written by Congressional Research Service and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryptocurrencies are digital money in electronic payment systems that generally do not require government backing or the involvement of an intermediary, such as a bank. Instead, users of the system validate payments using certain protocols. Since the 2008 invention of the first cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies have proliferated. In recent years, they experienced a rapid increase and subsequent decrease in value. One estimate found that, as of August 2018, there were nearly 1,900 different cryptocurrencies worth about $220 billion. Given this rapid growth and volatility, cryptocurrencies have drawn the attention of the public and policymakers. A particularly notable feature of cryptocurrencies is their potential to act as an alternative form of money. Historically, money has either had intrinsic value or derived value from government decree. Using money electronically generally has involved using the private ledgers and systems of at least one trusted intermediary. Cryptocurrencies, by contrast, generally employ user agreement, a network of users, and cryptographic protocols to achieve valid transfers of value. Cryptocurrency users typically use a pseudonymous address to identify each other and a passcode or private key to make changes to a public ledger in order to transfer value between accounts. Other computers in the network validate these transfers. Through this use of blockchain technology, cryptocurrency systems protect their public ledgers of accounts against manipulation, so that users can only send cryptocurrency to which they have access, thus allowing users to make valid transfers without a centralized, trusted intermediary. Money serves three interrelated economic functions: it is a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value. How well cryptocurrencies can serve those functions relative to existing money and payment systems likely will play a large part in determining cryptocurrencies' future value and importance. Proponents of the technology argue cryptocurrency can effectively serve those functions and will be widely adopted. They contend that a decentralized system using cryptocurrencies ultimately will be more efficient and secure than existing monetary and payment systems. Skeptics doubt that cryptocurrencies can effectively act as money and achieve widespread use. They note various obstacles to extensive adoption of cryptocurrencies, including economic (e.g., existing trust in traditional systems and volatile cryptocurrency value), technological (e.g., scalability), and usability obstacles (e.g., access to equipment necessary to participate). In addition, skeptics assert that cryptocurrencies are currently overvalued and under-regulated. The invention and proliferation of cryptocurrencies present numerous risks and related policy issues. Cryptocurrencies, because they are pseudonymous and decentralized, could facilitate money laundering and other crimes, raising the issue of whether existing regulations appropriately guard against this possibility. Many consumers may lack familiarity with cryptocurrencies and how they work and derive value. In addition, although cryptocurrency ledgers appear safe from manipulation, individuals and exchanges have been hacked or targeted in scams involving cryptocurrencies. Accordingly, critics of cryptocurrencies have raised concerns that existing laws and regulations do not adequately protect consumers dealing in cryptocurrencies. At the same time, proponents of cryptocurrencies warn against over-regulating what they argue is a technology that will yield large benefits. Finally, if cryptocurrency becomes a widely used form of money, it could affect the ability of the Federal Reserve and other central banks to implement and transmit monetary policy, leading some observers to argue that central banks should develop their own digital currencies (as opposed to a cryptocurrency); others oppose this idea.
Author :The Law The Law Library Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781727866650 Total Pages :40 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (666 download)
Book Synopsis Physical Security Reliability Standard (Us Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Regulation) (Ferc) (2018 Edition) by : The Law The Law Library
Download or read book Physical Security Reliability Standard (Us Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Regulation) (Ferc) (2018 Edition) written by The Law The Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-10-14 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical Security Reliability Standard (US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Regulation) (FERC) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Physical Security Reliability Standard (US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Regulation) (FERC) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Commission) approves Reliability Standard CIP-014-1 (Physical Security). The North American Electric Reliability Corporation, the Commission-certified Electric Reliability Organization, submitted Reliability Standard CIP-014-1 for Commission approval in response to a Commission order issued on March 7, 2014. The purpose of Reliability Standard CIP-014-1 is to enhance physical security measures for the most critical Bulk-Power System facilities and thereby lessen the overall vulnerability of the Bulk-Power System against physical attacks. In addition, the Commission directs NERC to develop one modification to Reliability Standard CIP-014-1 and submit an informational filing. This book contains: - The complete text of the Physical Security Reliability Standard (US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Regulation) (FERC) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section
Download or read book Mexico written by June S Beittel and published by . This book was released on 2020-01-04 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mexican drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) pose the greatest crime threat to the United States and have "the greatest drug trafficking influence," according to the annual U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration's (DEA's) National Drug Threat Assessment. These organizations work across the Western Hemisphere and globally. They are involved in extensive money laundering, bribery, gun trafficking, and corruption, and they cause Mexico's homicide rates to spike. They produce and traffic illicit drugs into the United States, including heroin, methamphetamine, marijuana, and powerful synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and they traffic South American cocaine. Over the past decade, Congress has held numerous hearings addressing violence in Mexico, U.S. counternarcotics assistance, and border security issues. Mexican DTO activities significantly affect the security of both the United States and Mexico. As Mexico's DTOs expanded their control of the opioids market, U.S. overdoses rose sharply to a record level in 2017, with more than half of the 72,000 overdose deaths (47,000) involving opioids. Although preliminary 2018 data indicate a slight decline in overdose deaths, many analysts believe trafficking continues to evolve toward opioids. The major Mexican DTOs, also referred to as transnational criminal organizations (TCOs), have continued to diversify into such crimes as human smuggling and oil theft while increasing their lucrative business in opioid supply. According to the Mexican government's latest estimates, illegally siphoned oil from Mexico's state-owned oil company costs the government about $3 billion annually. Mexico's DTOs have been in constant flux. In 2006, four DTOs were dominant: the Tijuana/Arellano Felix organization (AFO), the Sinaloa Cartel, the Juárez/Vicente Carillo Fuentes Organization (CFO), and the Gulf Cartel. Government operations to eliminate DTO leadership sparked organizational changes, which increased instability among the groups and violence. Over the next dozen years, Mexico's large and comparatively more stable DTOs fragmented, creating at first seven major groups, and then nine, which are briefly described in this report. The DEA has identified those nine organizations as Sinaloa, Los Zetas, Tijuana/AFO, Juárez/CFO, Beltrán Leyva, Gulf, La Familia Michoacana, the Knights Templar, and Cartel Jalisco-New Generation (CJNG). In mid-2019, leader of the long-dominant Sinaloa Cartel, Joaquin ("El Chapo") Guzmán, was sentenced to life in a maximum-security U.S. prison, spurring further fracturing of a once hegemonic DTO. By some accounts, a direct effect of this fragmentation has been escalated levels of violence. Mexico's intentional homicide rate reached new records in 2017 and 2018. In 2019, Mexico's national public security system reported more than 17,000 homicides between January and June, setting a new record. In the last months of 2019, several fragments of formerly cohesive cartels conducted flagrant acts of violence. For some Members of Congress, this situation has increased concern about a policy of returning Central American migrants to cities across the border in Mexico to await their U.S. asylum hearings in areas with some of Mexico's highest homicide rates. Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador, elected in a landslide in July 2018, campaigned on fighting corruption and finding new ways to combat crime, including the drug trade. According to some analysts, challenges for López Obrador since his inauguration include a persistently ad hoc approach to security; the absence of strategic and tactical intelligence concerning an increasingly fragmented, multipolar, and opaque criminal market; and endemic corruption of Mexico's judicial and law enforcement systems. In December 2019, Genero Garcia Luna, a former top security minister under the Felipe Calderón Administration (2006-2012), was arrested in the United States on charges he had taken enormous bribes from the Sinaloa Cartel.
Book Synopsis Presidential Transitions by : L. Elaine Halchin
Download or read book Presidential Transitions written by L. Elaine Halchin and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) Agency Rulemaking: ¿Midnight Rulemaking¿; (3) Executive Clemency; (4) Executive Orders; (5) Government Records; (6) 2008-2009 Pres. Transition: National Security Options: Considerations Unique to Each Phase of the Pres. Transition Period: Phases 1 and 2: Campaigning by Pres. Candidates to the Day of Election; Phase 3: Election Day; Phase 4: Selection of a Pres.-Elect to Inauguration Day; Phase 5: Presidential Inauguration to the Establishment of a New National Security Team and Policies; (7) Personnel -- Political to Career Conversions; (8) Political Appointments into the Next Presidency; (9) Submission of the President¿s Budget in Transition Years. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand publication.
Book Synopsis The In-and-outers by : G. Calvin Mackenzie
Download or read book The In-and-outers written by G. Calvin Mackenzie and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Presidential Appointments by : Caroline P. Dempsey
Download or read book Presidential Appointments written by Caroline P. Dempsey and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Constitution empowers the President to nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to appoint principal officers of the United States. This book explains the process for filling positions to which the President makes appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate. It also identifies, for the 110th Congress, all nominations to executive-level full-time positions in the 15 departments.
Book Synopsis The Politics of Presidential Appointments by : G. Calvin Mackenzie
Download or read book The Politics of Presidential Appointments written by G. Calvin Mackenzie and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Presidential Appointments by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Presidential Appointments written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Politics of Presidential Appointments by : David E. Lewis
Download or read book The Politics of Presidential Appointments written by David E. Lewis and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, many questioned whether the large number of political appointees in the Federal Emergency Management Agency contributed to the agency's poor handling of the catastrophe, ultimately costing hundreds of lives and causing immeasurable pain and suffering. The Politics of Presidential Appointments examines in depth how and why presidents use political appointees and how their choices impact government performance--for better or worse. One way presidents can influence the permanent bureaucracy is by filling key posts with people who are sympathetic to their policy goals. But if the president's appointees lack competence and an agency fails in its mission--as with Katrina--the president is accused of employing his friends and allies to the detriment of the public. Through case studies and cutting-edge analysis, David Lewis takes a fascinating look at presidential appointments dating back to the 1960s to learn which jobs went to appointees, which agencies were more likely to have appointees, how the use of appointees varied by administration, and how it affected agency performance. He argues that presidents politicize even when it hurts performance--and often with support from Congress--because they need agencies to be responsive to presidential direction. He shows how agency missions and personnel--and whether they line up with the president's vision--determine which agencies presidents target with appointees, and he sheds new light on the important role patronage plays in appointment decisions.
Book Synopsis Nomination and Confirmation of Presidential Appointments by : Casey L. Wade
Download or read book Nomination and Confirmation of Presidential Appointments written by Casey L. Wade and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its 2004 report, the 9/11 Commission identified what it perceived were shortcomings in the appointment process during presidential transitions. The report asserted that delays in filling top executive branch leadership positions, such as those experienced during the 2000-2001 transition, could compromise national security policymaking in the early months of a new Administration. Although the unique circumstances of the 2000 presidential race truncated the ensuing transition period, the commission's observations could be applied to other recent transitions; lengthy appointment processes during presidential transitions, particularly between those of different political parties, have been of concern to observers for more than 20 years. The process is likely to develop a bottleneck during this time, even under the best of circumstances, due to the large number of candidates who must be selected, vetted, and, in the case of positions filled through appointment by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate (PAS positions), considered by that body. The appointment process has three stages: selection and vetting, Senate consideration, and presidential appointment. Congress has taken steps to accelerate appointments during presidential transitions. This book describes and analyses the processes, during a presidential transition, by which top-level executive branch PAS positions are filled. It also discusses nominations to cabinet positions during inter-term transitions; temporarily filling Presidentially appointed, Senate-confirmed positions; senate consideration of Presidential nominations; and Presidential appointee positions requiring Senate confirmations and committees handling nominations.
Author :National Academy of Public Administration. Presidential Appointee Project Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :44 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Leadership in Jeopardy by : National Academy of Public Administration. Presidential Appointee Project
Download or read book Leadership in Jeopardy written by National Academy of Public Administration. Presidential Appointee Project and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
