Predicative Minds

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262262002
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Predicative Minds by : Radu J. Bogdan

Download or read book Predicative Minds written by Radu J. Bogdan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2009-01-09 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of why and how the human competence for predication came to be. The predicative mind singles out and represents an item in order to attribute to it a property, a relation, an action, an evaluation; it thinks, and says, of a house that it is big, of a car that it is to the left of the house, of a cat that it is about to jump, of a hypothesis that it is plausible. The capacity to predicate appears to be neither innate nor learned, yet it is universal among humans. Puzzling in evolutionary, developmental, and philosophical terms, the mental competence for predication still awaits a coherent and plausible explanation. In this exploration of the predicative roots of human thinking, Radu Bogdan takes up the challenge. Bogdan argues that predication is not only an outcome of development but also a by-product of uniquely human features of development, many of them social in nature and unrelated to representation, cognition, and thinking. Humans develop predicative minds for disparate reasons, which bear initially on physiological coregulation, affective and manipulative communication, and the socially shared acquisition of words. Once developed, the competence for predication in turn redesigns human thinking and communication. Predication is at the heart of conscious, deliberate, explicit, and language-based human thinking, and it is the fuel of higher mental activities. Understanding the uniqueness and representational power of the human mind, Bogdan contends, requires an explanation of why and how predication came to be.

Predictive Minds: Old Problems and New Challenges

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Author :
Publisher : Vernon Press
ISBN 13 : 1648897851
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis Predictive Minds: Old Problems and New Challenges by : Manuel Curado

Download or read book Predictive Minds: Old Problems and New Challenges written by Manuel Curado and published by Vernon Press. This book was released on 2023-10-10 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Predictive Processing Theory of Mind is a recent theory developed by philosophers, cognitive scientists, and neuroscientists about the nature and function of the brain and its role in creating the conscious mind that we humans, and perhaps some non-human animals, have. The authors that advanced those lines of research believe that there is a fundamental idea that has been overlooked in the research done about the brain until the present: that the brain is a prediction machine with the function of creating hypotheses about the causes of our sensory signals and predictions of possible future sensory signals. Moreover, the internal models of the world created this way are constantly challenged by incorporating the errors of the previous models into new models. From this point of view, the brain's work could be described as a process of making predictions about the upcoming sensory data based on its best current models of the causes of those data. This book intends to critically analyze this theory and its subsequent theoretical and empirical consequences. To achieve that, the volume brings together some of the best experts on Predictive Processing – such as Thomas Metzinger, Wanja Wiese, or Mark Miller – with the goal of presenting some of the advantages of this approach but also some of its caveats.

Autism and The Predictive Brain

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000788369
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism and The Predictive Brain by : Peter Vermeulen

Download or read book Autism and The Predictive Brain written by Peter Vermeulen and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-10-26 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What if our previous teachings and beliefs regarding processing stimuli, reading emotions and understanding human behaviour is all untrue? In this book, Peter Vermeulen investigates new findings on the predictive brain and what these insights mean for autism and current interventions. Recent research has shown that the classic ideas about how the human brain first needs to process incoming information about the world before it can react are no longer tenable. Rather, to survive in the volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment of modern society, what we need is a brain that predicts the world quickly and unconsciously, while taking proper account of the context. This book explains the new theories relating to the predictive brain, summarising some of the more recent highly technical research studies about the predictive mind and autism into as accessible and understandable language as possible. Shedding new light on the predictive brain and its relation to autism, the chapters lead readers to the inevitable conclusion that many of the current interventions used in connection with autism urgently need updating and outline possibilities for revising. This approachable book synthesises advanced research for professionals across disciplines working with people with autism spectrum disorder along with readers who have or have family members with ASD.

Language and the World

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Publisher : Advanced Reasoning Forum
ISBN 13 : 1938421574
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Language and the World by : Richard L Epstein

Download or read book Language and the World written by Richard L Epstein and published by Advanced Reasoning Forum. This book was released on 2021-07-09 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a new perspective on ways we encounter the world with our languages. There are two kinds of languages. Some direct speakers to encounter the world as made up of things. Others direct speakers to encounter the world as the flow of all with no idea of change, for there is no thing to change, only differing descriptions of the flow. The essays by Richard L. Epstein set out this division of languages and explore its significance for linguistics, metaphysics, thought, meaning, logic, and ethics. The other essays, by Dorothy Lee, Benjamin Lee Whorf, M. Dale Kinkade, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Benson Mates, extend, or contradict, or support those ideas, leading to a large view of how we talk and understand, and how that affects how we live.

Our Own Minds

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262026376
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Own Minds by : Radu J. Bogdan

Download or read book Our Own Minds written by Radu J. Bogdan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An argument that in response to sociocultural pressures, human minds develope self-consciousness by activating a complex machinery of self-regulation. In Our Own Minds, Radu Bogdan takes a developmental perspective on consciousness--its functional design in particular--and proposes that children's functional capacity for consciousness is assembled during development out of a variety of ontogenetic adaptations that respond mostly to sociocultural challenges specific to distinct stages of childhood. Young human minds develop self-consciousness--in the broad sense of being conscious of the self's mental and behavioral relatedness to the world--because they face extraordinary and escalating sociocultural pressures that cannot be handled without setting in motion a complex executive machinery of self-regulation under the guidance of an increasingly sophisticated intuitive psychology. Bogdan suggests that self-consciousness develops gradually during childhood. Children move from being oriented toward the outside world in early childhood to becoming (at about age four) oriented also toward their own minds. Bogdan argues that the sociocultural tasks and practices that children must assimilate and engage in competently demand the development of an intuitive psychology (also known as theory of mind or mind reading); the intuitive psychology assembles a suite of executive abilities (intending, controlling, monitoring, and so on) that install self-consciousness and drive its development. Understanding minds, first the minds of others and then our own, drives the development of self-consciousness, world-bound or extrovert at the beginning and later mind-bound or introvert. This asymmetric development of the intuitive psychology drives a commensurate asymmetric development of self-consciousness.

Open Minds

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026230094X
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Open Minds by : Wolfgang Prinz

Download or read book Open Minds written by Wolfgang Prinz and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-03-16 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel proposal that the cognitive architecture for volition and cognition arises from particular kinds of social interaction and communication. In Open Minds, Wolfgang Prinz offers the novel claim that agency and intentionality are first perceived and understood in others, and that it is only through practices and discourses of social mirroring that individuals come to apply these features to themselves and to shape their architectures for volition and cognition accordingly. Developing a (social science) constructive approach within a (cognitive science) representational framework, Prinz argues that the architectures for agency (volition) and intentionality (cognition) arise from particular kinds of social interaction and communication. Rather than working as closed, individual systems, our minds operate in ways that are fundamentally open to other minds. Prinz describes mirror systems and mirror games, particular kinds of representational mechanisms and social games that provide tools for aligning closed individual minds with other minds. He maps the formation of an architecture for volition, addressing issues of agency and intention-based top-down control, then outlines the ways the same basic ideas can be applied to an architecture for cognition, helping to solve basic issues of subjectivity and intentionality. Addressing the reality and efficacy of such social artifacts as autonomy and free will, Prinz contends that our beliefs about minds are not just beliefs about their workings but powerful tools for making them work as we believe. It is through our beliefs that our minds work in a particular way that we actually make them work in that way.

New Perspectives on Human Development

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110711232X
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis New Perspectives on Human Development by : Nancy Budwig

Download or read book New Perspectives on Human Development written by Nancy Budwig and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book address fundamental questions of human development, revisiting old questions and applying original empirical findings.

Thinking about Oneself

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262329778
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Thinking about Oneself by : Kristina Musholt

Download or read book Thinking about Oneself written by Kristina Musholt and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2015-07-31 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel theory of self-consciousness and its development that integrates philosophical considerations with recent findings in the empirical sciences. In this book, Kristina Musholt offers a novel theory of self-consciousness, understood as the ability to think about oneself. Traditionally, self-consciousness has been central to many philosophical theories. More recently, it has become the focus of empirical investigation in psychology and neuroscience. Musholt draws both on philosophical considerations and on insights from the empirical sciences to offer a new account of self-consciousness—the ability to think about ourselves that is at the core of what makes us human. Examining theories of nonconceptual content developed in recent work in the philosophy of cognition, Musholt proposes a model for the gradual transition from self-related information implicit in the nonconceptual content of perception and other forms of experience to the explicit representation of the self in conceptual thought. A crucial part of this model is an analysis of the relationship between self-consciousness and intersubjectivity. Self-consciousness and awareness of others, Musholt argues, are two sides of the same coin. After surveying the philosophical problem of self-consciousness, the notion of nonconceptual content, and various proposals for the existence of nonconceptual self-consciousness, Musholt argues for a non-self-representationalist theory, according to which the self is not part of the representational content of perception and bodily awareness but part of the mode of presentation. She distinguishes between implicitly self-related information and explicit self-representation, and describes the transitions from the former to the latter as arising from a complex process of self–other differentiation. By this account, both self-consciousness and intersubjectivity develop in parallel.

The Mind on Paper

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316737802
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (167 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mind on Paper by : David R. Olson

Download or read book The Mind on Paper written by David R. Olson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-07 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the importance of literacy is widely acknowledged in society and remains at the top of the political agenda, writing has been slow to establish a place in the cognitive sciences. Olson argues that to understand the cognitive implications of literacy, it is necessary to see reading and writing as providing access to and consciousness of aspects of language, such as phonemes, words and sentences, that are implicit and unconscious in speech. Reading and writing create a system of metarepresentational concepts that bring those features of language into consciousness as a subject of discourse. This consciousness of language is essential not only to acquiring literacy but also to the formation of systematic thought and rationality. The Mind on Paper is a compelling exploration of what literacy does for our speech and hence for our thought, and will be of interest to readers in developmental psychology, cognitive science, linguistics, and education.

Thomas Reid and the Story of Epistemology

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521539302
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (393 download)

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Book Synopsis Thomas Reid and the Story of Epistemology by : Nicholas Wolterstorff

Download or read book Thomas Reid and the Story of Epistemology written by Nicholas Wolterstorff and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book will do much to reestablish the significance of Thomas Reid for philosophy today. Nicholas Wolterstorff has produced the first systematic account of Reid's epistemology. Relating Reid's philosophy to present-day epistemological discussions the author demonstrates how they are at once remarkably timely, relevant, and provocative.There is no competing book that both uncovers the deep pattern of Reid's thought and relates it to contemporary philosophical debate. It must be read by historians of philosophy as well as all philosophers concerned with epistemology and the philosophy of mind.

Minding the Brain

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1137406054
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Minding the Brain by : Georg Northoff

Download or read book Minding the Brain written by Georg Northoff and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-09 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscience has raised many questions for philosophy and its traditional focus on the mind, but what does the emerging field of neurophilosophy teach us about the relationship between mind and brain? How have the new debates transformed our understanding of consciousness, the self and free will? Georg Northoff is a world-leading expert in this exciting area, and in Minding the Brain he provides a comprehensive introduction to non-reductive neurophilosophy, charting the developments of the discipline and applying its ideas to the debates that have captivated philosophers for centuries. Minding the Brain: - Employs extensive pedagogy to help the reader get to grips with complex concepts - Takes a transdisciplinary approach unifying science, psychology and philosophy Unearthing new ways to tackle age-old debates, Minding the Brain is a stimulating text for anyone interested in philosophy, psychology, the cognitive sciences and neuroscience.

Textbook Theory and Invariant Approaches to Language Learning: Emerging Research and Opportunities

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799826740
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Textbook Theory and Invariant Approaches to Language Learning: Emerging Research and Opportunities by : Orlova, Elena

Download or read book Textbook Theory and Invariant Approaches to Language Learning: Emerging Research and Opportunities written by Orlova, Elena and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure and content of a contemporary second language textbook are intended to encourage the initiative learner activity and create proper conditions for its manifestation in the curriculum. This premise unreservedly accepted by the teaching community proposes a flexible approach to second language acquisition encouraging individual self-learning experience. Textbook Theory and Invariant Approaches to Language Learning: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a critical scholarly publication that examines the structure and function of current second language learning curricula and classrooms. The book pursues three main objectives, which include (1) reconstruction of the general conceptual framework of textbook theory; (2) systematization of the invariant approach applications; and (3) production of a set of concepts, principles, rules, and regularities underlying the invariant-based text development. Featuring a wide range of topics such as learning patterns, proficiency, and communication, this book is ideal for education professionals, academicians, professionals, researchers, curriculum designers, and students.

Last Thoughts

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Publisher : MultiMedia Publishing
ISBN 13 : 6060332919
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Last Thoughts by : Henri Poincaré

Download or read book Last Thoughts written by Henri Poincaré and published by MultiMedia Publishing. This book was released on 1900 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Henri Poincaré is a mathematician, physicist, philosopher and engineer, born April 29, 1854 in Nancy and died July 17, 1912 in Paris. He has carried out works of major importance in optics and in infinitesimal calculus. His advances on the problem of the three bodies make him a founder of the qualitative study of systems of differential equations and chaos theory; he is also a major precursor of the theory of special relativity and the theory of dynamical systems. Henri Poincaré is considered one of the last great universal scholars, mastering all branches of mathematics of his time and some branches of physics. This book gathers here various articles and lectures that Henri Poincaré himself intended to form the fourth volume of his works of philosophy of science. All the previous ones had already appeared in this collection. It would be useless to recall their prodigious success. The most illustrious of modern mathematicians has been an eminent philosopher, one of those whose books profoundly influence human thought. It is probable that if Henri Poincaré himself had published this volume, he would have modified certain details, removed some repetitions. But it seemed to us that the respect due to the memory of this great death forbade any editing of his text.

Experiencing Animal Minds

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Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231161514
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Experiencing Animal Minds by : Julie Ann Smith

Download or read book Experiencing Animal Minds written by Julie Ann Smith and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these multidisciplinary essays, academic scholars and animal experts explore the nature of animal minds and the methods humans conventionally and unconventionally use to understand them. The collection features chapters by scholars working in psychology, sociology, history, philosophy, literary studies, and art, as well as chapters by and about people who live and work with animals, including the founder of a sanctuary for chickens, a fur trapper, a popular canine psychologist, a horse trainer, and an art photographer who captures everyday contact between humans and their animal companions. Divided into five sections, the collection first considers the ways that humans live with animals and the influence of cohabitation on their perceptions of animals' minds. It follows with an examination of anthropomorphism as both a guide and hindrance to mapping animal consciousness. Chapters next examine the effects of embodiment on animals' minds and the role of animal-human interembodiment on humans' understandings of animals' minds. Final sections identify historical representations of difference between human and animal consciousness and their relevance to pre-established cultural attitudes, as well as the ways that representations of animals' minds target particular audiences and sometimes produce problematic outcomes. The editors conclude with a discussion of the relationship between the book's chapters and two pressing themes: the connection between human beliefs about animals' minds and human ethical behavior, and the challenges and conditions for knowing the minds of animals. By inviting readers to compare and contrast multiple, uncommon points of view, this collection offers a unique encounter with the diverse perspectives and theories now shaping animal studies.

The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199579563
Total Pages : 1341 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry by : Richard Gipps

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry written by Richard Gipps and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 1341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophy has much to offer psychiatry, not least regarding ethical issues, but also issues regarding the mind, identity, values, and volition. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry offers the most comprehensive reference resource for this area every published - one that is essential for both students and researchers in this field.

Why Me?

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009002686
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Me? by : Radu J. Bogdan

Download or read book Why Me? written by Radu J. Bogdan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the evolution of the mental competence for self-reflection: why it evolved, under what selection pressures, in what environments, out of what precursors, and with what mental resources. Integrating evolutionary, psychological, and philosophical perspectives, Radu J. Bogdan argues that the competence for self-reflection, uniquely human and initially autobiographical, evolved under strong and persistent sociocultural and political (collaborative and competitive) pressures on the developing minds of older children and later adults. Self-reflection originated in a basic propensity of the human brain to rehearse anticipatively mental states, speech acts, actions, and states of the world in order to service one's elaborate goal policies. These goal policies integrate offline representations of one's own mental states and actions and those of others in order to handle the challenges of a complex and dynamic sociopolitical and sociocultural life, calling for an adaptive intramental self-regulation: that intramental adaptation is self-reflection.

The Shared World

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262352737
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Shared World by : Axel Seemann

Download or read book The Shared World written by Axel Seemann and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel treatment of the capacity for shared attention, joint action, and perceptual common knowledge. In The Shared World, Axel Seemann offers a new treatment of the capacity to perceive, act on, and know about the world together with others. Seemann argues that creatures capable of joint attention stand in a unique perceptual and epistemic relation to their surroundings; they operate in an environment that they, through their communication with their fellow perceivers, help constitute. Seemann shows that this relation can be marshaled to address a range of questions about the social aspect of the mind and its perceptual and cognitive capacities. Seemann begins with a conceptual question about a complex kind of sociocognitive phenomenon—perceptual common knowledge—and develops an empirically informed account of the spatial structure of the environment in and about which such knowledge is possible. In the course of his argument, he addresses such topics as demonstrative reference in communication, common knowledge about jointly perceived objects, and spatial awareness in joint perception and action.