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Policies On Pricing And Reimbursement Of Medicines In Europe
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Book Synopsis WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies by :
Download or read book WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.
Book Synopsis The Changing Economics of Medical Technology by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book The Changing Economics of Medical Technology written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans praise medical technology for saving lives and improving health. Yet, new technology is often cited as a key factor in skyrocketing medical costs. This volume, second in the Medical Innovation at the Crossroads series, examines how economic incentives for innovation are changing and what that means for the future of health care. Up-to-date with a wide variety of examples and case studies, this book explores how payment, patent, and regulatory policiesâ€"as well as the involvement of numerous government agenciesâ€"affect the introduction and use of new pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and surgical procedures. The volume also includes detailed comparisons of policies and patterns of technological innovation in Western Europe and Japan. This fact-filled and practical book will be of interest to economists, policymakers, health administrators, health care practitioners, and the concerned public.
Book Synopsis OECD Health Policy Studies Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies in a Global Market by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Health Policy Studies Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies in a Global Market written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-09-24 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses how pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement policies have contributed to the achievement of certain health policy objectives, and it examines the national and transnational effects of these policies.
Book Synopsis Medicine Price Surveys, Analyses and Comparisons by : Sabine Vogler
Download or read book Medicine Price Surveys, Analyses and Comparisons written by Sabine Vogler and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicine Price Surveys, Analyses and Comparisons establishes guidelines for the study and implementation of pharmaceutical price surveys, analyses, and comparisons. Its contributors evaluate price survey literature, discuss the accessibility and reliability of data sources, and provide a checklist and training kit on conducting price surveys, analyses, and comparisons. Their investigations survey price studies while accounting for the effects of methodologies and explaining regional differences in medicine prices. They also consider policy objectives such as affordable access to medicines and cost-containment as well as options for improving the effectiveness of policies. - Provides guidance for planning and implementing pharmaceutical pricing policies and systems - Reviews external price referencing systems - Explains common baselines for interpreting price surveys - Defines pharmaceutical price terminology and nomenclature
Book Synopsis Prescribing costs in primary care by : Great Britain: National Audit Office
Download or read book Prescribing costs in primary care written by Great Britain: National Audit Office and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2007-05-18 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Health Service spends £8 billion a year on prescription drugs in primary care in England. This has grown 60% in real terms over the last decade and the trend continues to be upward. This report examines how the money could be spent more efficiently, without compromising clinical outcomes. It looks principally at the scope for more cost-effective prescribing; supporting the GPs and PCTs in getting better value for money; and the wastage of drugs. For four groups of drugs (which account for 19% of the total drugs bill), it finds a wide disparity in prescribing behaviour. It estimates that if all PCTs attained the standard of the best 25%, £200 million could be saved. The analysis shows that there are several mechanism to improve value for money. They include: personalised communication with GPs from local experts, financial and practical incentives, and involving the whole primary and local care community in decisions about drug policy. Wastage of drugs is a problem but the level is not monitored and the uptake of initiatives to reduce the amount of waste is low. Assessing whether local prescribing volumes are consistent with clinical need is complex, but combining prescription data with local prevalence data can provide benchmark information.
Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Prices in the 21st Century by : Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Prices in the 21st Century written by Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-05 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the global pharmaceutical pricing policies. Medicines use is increasing globally with the increase in resistant microbes, emergence of new treatments, and because of awareness among consumers. This has resulted in increased drug expenditures globally. As the pharmaceutical market is expanding, a variety of pharmaceutical pricing strategies and policies have been employed by drug companies, state organizations and pharmaceutical pricing authorities.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309468086 Total Pages :235 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Making Medicines Affordable by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Making Medicines Affordable written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€"and health care at largeâ€"more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€"coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€"is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care.
Book Synopsis Assuring the Quality of Health Care in the European Union by : Helena Legido-Quigley
Download or read book Assuring the Quality of Health Care in the European Union written by Helena Legido-Quigley and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People have always travelled within Europe for work and leisure, although never before with the current intensity. Now, however, they are travelling for many other reasons, including the quest for key services such as health care. Whatever the reason for travelling, one question they ask is "If I fall ill, will the health care I receive be of a high standard?" This book examines, for the first time, the systems that have been put in place in all of the European Union's 27 Member States. The picture it paints is mixed. Some have well developed systems, setting standards based on the best available evidence, monitoring the care provided, and taking action where it falls short. Others need to overcome significant obstacles.
Book Synopsis Improving Healthcare Quality in Europe Characteristics, Effectiveness and Implementation of Different Strategies by : OECD
Download or read book Improving Healthcare Quality in Europe Characteristics, Effectiveness and Implementation of Different Strategies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, developed by the Observatory together with OECD, provides an overall conceptual framework for understanding and applying strategies aimed at improving quality of care. Crucially, it summarizes available evidence on different quality strategies and provides recommendations for their implementation. This book is intended to help policy-makers to understand concepts of quality and to support them to evaluate single strategies and combinations of strategies.
Book Synopsis Supplementary Protection Certificates (SPC) by : Marco Stief
Download or read book Supplementary Protection Certificates (SPC) written by Marco Stief and published by . This book was released on 2015-07 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Price of Global Health by : Ed Schoonveld
Download or read book The Price of Global Health written by Ed Schoonveld and published by Gower Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2011 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Price of Global Health is the first book of its kind: an in-depth but straightforward exploration of the pharmaceutical pricing strategy process, its underlying market access, general business and ethical considerations, and its implications for payers, physicians and patients. It is a much needed and invaluable resource for anybody interested, involved in or affected by the development, funding and use of prescription drugs. In particular, it is of critical importance to pharmaceutical company executives and other leaders and professionals in commercialization and drug development, including marketing, business development, market access and pricing, clinical development, drug discovery, regulatory affairs, health outcomes, market research and public affairs.
Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Promotion and GP Prescription Behaviour by : Frank A. G. Windmeijer
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Promotion and GP Prescription Behaviour written by Frank A. G. Windmeijer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Identification of price effects is obtained by the introduction of the Pharmaceutical Prices Act, which established that Dutch drugs prices became a weighted average of the prices in surrounding countries after June 1996. We conclude that, on average, GP drug price sensitivity is small, but adversely affected by promotion."--Editor.
Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Market Access in Developed Markets by : Güvenç Koçkaya
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Market Access in Developed Markets written by Güvenç Koçkaya and published by SEEd. This book was released on 2018-01-22 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market access is the process by which a pharmaceutical company gets its product available on the market after having obtained a marketing authorization from a regulatory agency and by which the product becomes available for all patients for whom it is indicated as per its marketing authorization. It covers a group of activities intended to provide access to the appropriate medicine for the appropriate group of patients at the appropriate price (in most countries). Market Access may also be seen as activities that support the management of potential barriers, such as non-optimal price and reimbursement levels, the restriction of the scope of prescribing for the drug or complicated prescription writing or funding procedures. Since there are cultural differences among countries, any Market Access strategy needs to be culturally sensitive. Pharmaceutical Market Access in emerging markets has been extensively discussed in our previous book, published in 2016. The present book focuses on developed markets with the goal of helping students, academics, industry personnel, government workers, and decision makers understand the environment in developed markets.
Book Synopsis Regulating Pharmaceuticals In Europe: Striving For Efficiency, Equity And Quality by : Mossialos, Elias
Download or read book Regulating Pharmaceuticals In Europe: Striving For Efficiency, Equity And Quality written by Mossialos, Elias and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2004-06-01 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thoughtful and comprehensive book represents the best work I have seen on the current situation concerning medication policies in the EU. It is not just that this is a very up-to-date compendium of facts and data across a wide variety of domains that impact on pharmaceutical regulation. The book is also strong on analysis of those facts as well." Jerry Avorn, Harvard Medical School. "This book offers a comprehensive examination of approaches to manage pharmaceutical expenditures in Europe. It is a must-read for those who seek to understand and navigate the changing regulatory environment for medicines in the European Union." Bernie O'Brien, McMaster University, Canada. The rising cost of pharmaceutical expenditures in many European countries is of concern to governments required to make effective use of health care budgets. Taking a broad perspective that encompasses institutional, political and supranational aspects of pharmaceutical regulation, this book examines approaches used to manage pharmaceutical expenditure across Europe and what impact these strategies have had on efficiency, quality, equity and cost of pharmaceutical care.Regulating Pharmaceuticals in Europe is an important book for students of health policy, regulation and management, and for health managers and policy makers. The editors: Elias Mossialos is Brian Abel-Smith Professor of Health Policy at the London School of Economics and Political Science and a Research Director of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. Monique Mrazek is a Health Economist (Europe and Central Asia region) for the World Bank and formerly a Research Officer in Health Economics for the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. Tom Walley is Professor of Clinical Pharmacology at the University of Liverpool and Director of the UK National Health Technology Assessment Programme. Contributors:Julia Abelson, Christa Altenstetter, Vittorio Bertele’, Christine Bond, Marcel L. Bouvy, Colin Bradley, Steve Chapman, Anna Dixon, Michael Drummond, Pierre Durieux, Edzard Ernst, Armin Fidler, Eric Fortess, Richard Frank, Silvio Garattini, Leigh Hancher, Ebba Holme Hansen, Steve Hudson, Kees de Jonchere, Panos Kanavos, Sjoerd Kooiker, Jean-Marc Leder, Graham Lewis, Donald W. Light, Alistair McGuire, Elias Mossialos, Monique Mrazek, Maria Pia Orru', Govin Permanand, Guenka Petrova, Munir Pirmohamed, Dennis Ross-Degnan, Frans Rutten, Steven Soummerai, David Taylor, Sarah Thomson, Tom Walley.
Book Synopsis Health Policy and European Union Enlargement by : Mckee
Download or read book Health Policy and European Union Enlargement written by Mckee and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2004-04-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there may be consensus on the broader issues of the core objectives of the health care system, expectations differ between EU countries, and European national policy-makers. This book seeks firstly to assess the impact of the enlargement process and then to analyse the challenges that lie ahead in the field of health and health policy.
Book Synopsis Voluntary Health Insurance in Europe: Country Experience by : Sagan A.
Download or read book Voluntary Health Insurance in Europe: Country Experience written by Sagan A. and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2016-07-20 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No two markets for voluntary health insurance (VHI) are identical. All differ in some way because they are heavily shaped by the nature and performance of publicly financed health systems and by the contexts in which they have evolved. This volume contains short structured profiles of markets for VHI in 34 countries in Europe. These are drawn from European Union member states plus Armenia Iceland Georgia Norway the Russian Federation Switzerland and Ukraine. The book is aimed at policy-makers and researchers interested in knowing more about how VHI works in practice in a wide range of contexts. Each profile written by one or more local experts identifies gaps in publicly-financed health coverage describes the role VHI plays outlines the way in which the market for VHI operates summarises public policy towards VHI including major developments over time and highlights national debates and challenges. The book is part of a study on VHI in Europe prepared jointly by the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and the WHO Regional Office for Europe. A companion volume provides an analytical overview of VHI markets across the 34 countries.
Book Synopsis World Congress of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2006 by : Sun I. Kim
Download or read book World Congress of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2006 written by Sun I. Kim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-05 with total page 4361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings of the World Congress 2006, the fourteenth conference in this series, offer a strong scientific program covering a wide range of issues and challenges which are currently present in Medical physics and Biomedical Engineering. About 2,500 peer reviewed contributions are presented in a six volume book, comprising 25 tracks, joint conferences and symposia, and including invited contributions from well known researchers in this field.
