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Plasma Particle Interactions For The Quantitative Analysis Of Individual Aerosol Particles Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
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Book Synopsis Plasma-particle Interactions for the Quantitative Analysis of Individual Aerosol Particles Using Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy by : Jorge E. Carranza
Download or read book Plasma-particle Interactions for the Quantitative Analysis of Individual Aerosol Particles Using Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Jorge E. Carranza and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy by : Sergio Musazzi
Download or read book Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Sergio Musazzi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) a widely used atomic emission spectroscopy technique for elemental analysis of materials. It is based on the use of a high-power, short pulse laser excitation. The book is divided into two main sections: the first one concerning theoretical aspects of the technique, the second one describing the state of the art in applications of the technique in different scientific/technological areas. Numerous examples of state of the art applications provide the readers an almost complete scenario of the LIBS technique. The LIBS theoretical aspects are reviewed. The book helps the readers who are less familiar with the technique to understand the basic principles. Numerous examples of state of the art applications give an almost complete scenario of the LIBS technique potentiality. These examples of applications may have a strong impact on future industrial utilization. The authors made important contributions to the development of this field.
Book Synopsis Laser-induced Plasmas as an Analytical Source for Quantitative Analysis of Gaseous and Aerosol Systems by : Prasoon K. Diwakar
Download or read book Laser-induced Plasmas as an Analytical Source for Quantitative Analysis of Gaseous and Aerosol Systems written by Prasoon K. Diwakar and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical understanding of plasma-particle interactions includes study of the plasma evolution, analyte atomization, and the particle dissociation and diffusion. In this dissertation, temporal and spatial studies have been done to understand the fundamentals of the LIBS processes including the breakdown of gases by the laser pulse, plasma inception mechanisms, plasma evolution, analyte introduction and plasma-particle interactions and their influence on LIBS signal. Spectral measurements were performed in a laser-induced plasma and the results reveal localized perturbations in the plasma properties in the vicinity of the analyte species, for first 60 [mu]s. The measurements provide direct evidence of matrix effects in the LIBS plasma at early times. Electron density measurements at very early times in the plasma reveal deviations from the Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium conditions (LTE). The data from various experiments suggests a complex interaction between the plasma and the aerosol particle, during which the finite time-scales of particle dissociation, and heat and mass transfer are fundamental processes.
Book Synopsis Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy by : Jagdish P. Singh
Download or read book Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Jagdish P. Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-10-03 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is basically an emission spectroscopy technique where atoms and ions are primarily formed in their excited states as a result of interaction between a tightly focused laser beam and the material sample. The interaction between matter and high-density photons generates a plasma plume, which evolves with time and may eventually acquire thermodynamic equilibrium. One of the important features of this technique is that it does not require any sample preparation, unlike conventional spectroscopic analytical techniques. Samples in the form of solids, liquids, gels, gases, plasmas and biological materials (like teeth, leaf or blood) can be studied with almost equal ease. LIBS has rapidly developed into a major analytical technology with the capability of detecting all chemical elements in a sample, of real- time response, and of close-contact or stand-off analysis of targets. The present book has been written by active specialists in this field, it includes the basic principles, the latest developments in instrumentation and the applications of LIBS . It will be useful to analytical chemists and spectroscopists as an important source of information and also to graduate students and researchers engaged in the fields of combustion, environmental science, and planetary and space exploration. * Recent research work* Possible future applications* LIBS Principles
Book Synopsis Bioaerosol Detection Technologies by : Per Jonsson
Download or read book Bioaerosol Detection Technologies written by Per Jonsson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to give technological background and practical examples, but also to give general insight into the on-going technology development in the area of biodetection. The content is therefore suitable for an array of stakeholders (decision makers, purchasing officers, etc.) and end-users of biodetection equipment within the areas of health, environment, safety and security, and military preparation. The book is divided into three sections. The first section discusses the fundamental physical and biological properties of bioaerosol's. The second section goes into more detail and discusses in-depth the most commonly used detection principles. The third section of the book is devoted to technologies that have been used in standoff applications. The last section of the book gives an overview of trends in bioaerosol detection. The reader of this book will gain knowledge about the different biodetection technologies and thus better judge their capabilities in relation to desired applications.
Book Synopsis Numerical Modeling of the Plasma-particle Interactions of Aerosol Vaporization in a Laser-induced Plasma by : Philip B. Jackson
Download or read book Numerical Modeling of the Plasma-particle Interactions of Aerosol Vaporization in a Laser-induced Plasma written by Philip B. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is a powerful and well-established atomic emission diagnostic for the identification and analysis of unknown samples. Recent research efforts have shown that LIBS is useful for both qualitative identification and for the quantitative measurement of relative as well as absolute analyte concentration regardless of analyte state. More recently, much interest has been directed toward the use of LIBS in the analysis of aerosol systems, including those generated by laser ablation (LA-LIBS). While LIBS offers many advantages as a diagnostic tool, there are several difficulties that limit its capability and robustness. Chief among these are matrix effects and incomplete or inhomogeneous sample vaporization. In an effort to fully understand, and eventually mitigate, these difficulties, the current work seeks to design and implement a numerical model that describes the complex plasma-particle interactions that govern the LIBS of aerosol systems. The model incorporates the processes of heat transfer, hydrodynamics, mass diffusion, vaporization, and electromagnetism. The model considers the fundamental physics of three distinct regimes: the global plasma environment, the local particle behavior, and the initial nature of plasma inception.
Book Synopsis The Role of Plasma-particle Interactions in Quantitative LIBS Analysis of Aerosols by : Michael L. E. Asgill
Download or read book The Role of Plasma-particle Interactions in Quantitative LIBS Analysis of Aerosols written by Michael L. E. Asgill and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments done at very early times, less than 1 \U+00b5\s, confirmed the presence of plasma conditions sufficient to induce Thomson Scattering in a LIBS plasma but the satellite peaks could not be observed. Plasma temperature measurements with multi-element aerosols revealed a distinctive change in the slope of the temperature curve; this reflects the effects on local plasma cooling on plasma properties. A change in the matrix of the aerosols resulted in measurable shifts in the temporal temperature profile. Overall, the current set of experiments shows the strong dependence of the LIBS signal on plasma-particle interactions and highlights the need for a complete understanding of this phenomenon. Finally, additional experiments are proposed to further facilitate this understanding.
Book Synopsis Aerosol Measurements with Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy by : Gregg Arthur Lithgow
Download or read book Aerosol Measurements with Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Gregg Arthur Lithgow and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first application, LIBS is examined as a potential method for detecting airborne biological agents. Laboratory measurements of some common biological agent simulants are compared to those of common, naturally occurring biological aerosol components (pollen and fungal spores) to determine the potential of LIBS for discriminating biological agents from natural background aerosols. In the second application, metal species in ambient particulate matter were continuously monitored during a week-long field trial. Average and temporally resolved concentrations of seven metals were measured, and individual particles containing multiple species were detected.
Book Synopsis Signal Enhancement in Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Single-particle Aerosol Samples by : Erin Sunlight Simpson
Download or read book Signal Enhancement in Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Single-particle Aerosol Samples written by Erin Sunlight Simpson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy on Suspended Particulate Matter in an Electrodynamic Balance by : Richard A. Warren Jr.
Download or read book Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy on Suspended Particulate Matter in an Electrodynamic Balance written by Richard A. Warren Jr. and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research focuses on the two problems listed above: sample control issues and sources of signal variation, which limit analyte quantification. The electrodynamic balance, which has been used by previous researchers for optical characterization of aerosols7 is used here for LIBS measurements. This technique provides complete control of confined, charged aerosol particles. With this precise handling capability, consistent laser-particle and plasma-particle interactions are observed with both spectrally integrated / time resolved and time integrated / spectrally resolved detectors to provide details on the processes involved for micrometer sized charged aerosol particles.
Book Synopsis Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy by : Andrzej W. Miziolek
Download or read book Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Andrzej W. Miziolek and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-09-07 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive reference explaining the fundamentals of the LIBS phenomenon, its history and its fascinating applications across eighteen chapters written by recognized leaders in the field. This book will be of significant interest to researchers in chemical and materials analysis within academia and industry.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Physical and Spectral Characteristics of Laser-induced Plasmas by : Vincent P. Hohreiter
Download or read book Investigation of Physical and Spectral Characteristics of Laser-induced Plasmas written by Vincent P. Hohreiter and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The physical and optical characteristics of laser-induced plasmas (LIP) and the precision of measurements using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for aerosol and gas phase species are explored. In a series of coherent experiments properties of the LIP and the temporal, spatial, and energetic variations of interactions with entrained particles (aerosols) are evaluated from both a standpoint of basic plasma science and applied atomic spectroscopy. First, the evolution of a LIP is characterized in terms of its temporally-resolved spectral absorptivity, spectral emissivity, and free electron density during the first 500 nanoseconds. Transmission measurements reveal near opacity of the LIP at early times (10-50 ns) and essential transparency at longer times (500 ns).
Book Synopsis Implementation of Aerodynamic Focusing and Dual-pulse Configuration to Improve Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Aerosol Particle Sampling Rates and Analyte Response by : Bret C. Windom
Download or read book Implementation of Aerodynamic Focusing and Dual-pulse Configuration to Improve Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Aerosol Particle Sampling Rates and Analyte Response written by Bret C. Windom and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In consideration of the spectroscopic and transmission data, the plasma-analyte interactions realized with a dual-pulse methodology are explained in terms of the interaction with the initially expanding plasma, which differs between gaseous and particulate phase analytes. A particle-focusing lens is a way to reduce the cross-section of the flow and eject a narrow streamline of particles. This study focused on the notion that if a streamline of particles could be injected directly into the center of a laser-induced plasma by a particle lens, higher aerosol sampling rates and better analyte response could be achieved. Following all experiments and analysis, it was determined that a particle lens with exit cross-section diameter of 0.0295" showed a decrease in particle hit rates and an unchanged analyte response when compared to that of a 1/4" diameter standard thin walled tube. The average hit rates decreased about 75% with the particle lens and resulting analyte response of all individual hits for the two injection methods were nearly the same. The lower particle hit rate with the focusing lens was partially attributed to a reduction in particle transmission (as measured with a particle counter), while other effects such as changes in the effective plasma sampling volume were also considered.
Book Synopsis Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy by : Reinhard Noll
Download or read book Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Reinhard Noll and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-14 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive source of the fundamentals, process parameters, instrumental components and applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The effect of multiple pulses on material ablation, plasma dynamics and plasma emission is presented. A heuristic plasma modeling allows to simulate complex experimental plasma spectra. These methods and findings form the basis for a variety of applications to perform quantitative multi-element analysis with LIBS. These application potentials of LIBS have really boosted in the last years ranging from bulk analysis of metallic alloys and non-conducting materials, via spatially resolved analysis and depth profiling covering measuring objects in all physical states: gaseous, liquid and solid. Dedicated chapters present LIBS investigations for these tasks with special emphasis on the methodical and instrumental concepts as well as the optimization strategies for a quantitative analysis. Requirements, concepts, design and characteristic features of LIBS instruments are described covering laboratory systems, inspections systems for in-line process control, mobile systems and remote systems. State-of-the-art industrial applications of LIBS systems are presented demonstrating the benefits of inline process control for improved process guiding and quality assurance purposes.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Analysis of Single and Double-pulsed Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy by : Douglas J. Brown
Download or read book Quantitative Analysis of Single and Double-pulsed Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Douglas J. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Laser-induced Plasma on Organic Materials and Quantitative Analysis of the Contained Inorganic Elements by : Wenqi Lei
Download or read book Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Laser-induced Plasma on Organic Materials and Quantitative Analysis of the Contained Inorganic Elements written by Wenqi Lei and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD work was devoted to the understanding of the laser-induced plasma on organic materials and theapplication of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to quantitative analysis of these materials. Itcontributes to deepen our knowledge on the physical mechanisms involved in laser-matter interaction, plasmageneration, evolution and expansion of the plasma into the ambient gas, with emphasis on plasmas induced onorganic targets. It also intends to improve the performance of LIBS for the analysis of organic materials. Thespecificity for organic targets fits the current focus of the international community working on LIBS, toimprove the control of the plasma induced on this kind of material which has a distinguished optical prosperitywith respect to that of metals, better known for laser ablation. It addresses also the growing need to apply theLIBS technique to organic materials for different applications in the environmental, food, or biomedicaldomains. The works in this thesis were therefore presented in this thesis document according to the followingorganization.After the General Introduction which introduces the scientific and technological contexts, Chapter Irecalls the basic theoretical elements necessary to understand the phenomenon of plasma generation by laserablation, and its evolution in the background gas. Ablation of organic material is emphasized. Procedures andtechniques of diagnostics of laser-induced plasma were then presented with a focus on the transient andinhomogeneous nature of the expanding plasma. Chapter II focuses on the generation and the evolution of theplasma induced on the skin of a potato, a typical sample of agricultural product. The characteristics of plasmainduced on a soft and wet organic target, such as a fresh potato, was something unknown when the thesis workstarted. These characteristics provide the necessary basis for the quantitative analysis of the trace andultra-trace metallic elements in these samples. Following this characterization, semi-quantitative analyticalresults were extracted from LIBS spectra corresponding to potato skin. Chapter III is presented in thecontinuity of Chapter II for the application of LIBS to the quantitative analysis of organic materials. Acomparative study on the analytical results with LIBS and ICP-AES for milk powders allows an assessment ofthe performances of quantitative analysis by LIBS for organic materials, and a validation of the CF-LIBSprocedure that we have developed. Different from Chapters II and III where attention was paid to trace metalelements, Chapter IV studies the behavior of the major elements that make up the matrix of organic material,which are 4 known organic elements: H, C, O, N. During the decomposition of organic material by laserablation, these elements can be found in the form of molecular fragments, or recombined into molecularspecies. We then study in this Chapter the evolution of these species as a function of the laser ablationparameters, the laser wavelength in particular. The thesis document ends with a general conclusion andoutlooks.
Book Synopsis Laser-Plasma Interactions by : Dino A. Jaroszynski
Download or read book Laser-Plasma Interactions written by Dino A. Jaroszynski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Solid Compendium of Advanced Diagnostic and Simulation ToolsExploring the most exciting and topical areas in this field, Laser-Plasma Interactions focuses on the interaction of intense laser radiation with plasma. After discussing the basic theory of the interaction of intense electromagnetic radiation fields with matter, the book covers three ap
