Program Development by Refinement

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781852330538
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Program Development by Refinement by : Emil Sekerinski

Download or read book Program Development by Refinement written by Emil Sekerinski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a collection of case studies in program refinement with the B Method. They show typical program developments from problem analysis to implementation with non-trivial examples. They cover areas for which the B Method was originally conceived as well as the following novel areas: - data structures; - information management; - process control systems; - distributed systems. This volume will primarily be of interest to practitioners who either already use B and want to improve their program refinement techniques, or those who are considering using it and want to learn about its implementation. It will also provide useful background reading for students taking courses in the B Method, Formal Specification, or Refinement.

Refinement Calculus

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461216745
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Refinement Calculus by : Ralph-Johan Back

Download or read book Refinement Calculus written by Ralph-Johan Back and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much current research in computer science is concerned with two questions: is a program correct? And how can we improve a correct program preserving correctness? This latter question is known as the refinement of programs and the purpose of this book is to consider these questions in a formal setting. In fact, correctness turns out to be a special case of refinement and so the focus is on refinement. Although a reasonable background knowledge is assumed from mathematics and CS, the book is a self-contained introduction suitable for graduate students and researchers coming to this subject for the first time. There are numerous exercises provided of varying degrees of challenge.

Application of the Convergence Technique to Basic Studies of the Reading Process

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Application of the Convergence Technique to Basic Studies of the Reading Process by : William J. Gephart

Download or read book Application of the Convergence Technique to Basic Studies of the Reading Process written by William J. Gephart and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Overall Program Design

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Overall Program Design by : Dane County Regional Planning Commission

Download or read book Overall Program Design written by Dane County Regional Planning Commission and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updates to 1970 initial plan.

Highway & Urban Mass Transportation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Highway & Urban Mass Transportation by :

Download or read book Highway & Urban Mass Transportation written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reducing, Refining and Replacing the Use of Animals in Toxicity Testing

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Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849737924
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing, Refining and Replacing the Use of Animals in Toxicity Testing by : Dave Allen

Download or read book Reducing, Refining and Replacing the Use of Animals in Toxicity Testing written by Dave Allen and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicity testing is used to assess the safety or hazards presented by substances such as industrial chemicals, consumer products, and pharmaceuticals. At present, many methods involve laboratory animals. Alternative procedures, some involving human cell-based technologies, are now being developed which reduce, refine, or replace animal usage and minimize the pain and distress caused. These new tests must protect public health and the environment at least as well as currently accepted methods. This book describes the ever-expanding "toolbox" of methods available to assess toxicity. Such techniques often result from our growing understanding of the biochemical and cellular pathways that mediate toxicity mechanisms. This permits evaluations of information generated from several sources to generate a "weight of evidence". By combining in silico, in vitro, and ex vivo methods with technologies that rely on biochemical- and cell-based in vitro assays, toxicologists are developing mechanistically based alternatives to live animal experimentation. This text also explores the complexities associated with adequate validation, and the assessment of test reliability and relevance. It provides an essential reference source for postgraduates, academics and industrialists working in this rapidly changing area.

Seventy-three Employee-benefit Plans in the Petroleum Refining Industry

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Seventy-three Employee-benefit Plans in the Petroleum Refining Industry by : Joseph Zisman

Download or read book Seventy-three Employee-benefit Plans in the Petroleum Refining Industry written by Joseph Zisman and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rutland Transportation Improvement Project

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Rutland Transportation Improvement Project by :

Download or read book Rutland Transportation Improvement Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Research on Trends in European Higher Education Convergence

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1466659998
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (666 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Trends in European Higher Education Convergence by : Dima, Alina Mihaela

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Trends in European Higher Education Convergence written by Dima, Alina Mihaela and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2014-04-30 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an increase in global competition among universities and national higher education systems, educational programs desire to offer compatible content without losing their competitive advantage. Because of this balance, the issue of convergence, along with its benefits and limits, has emerged. Handbook of Research on Trends in European Higher Education Convergence aims to identify the indicators that meet the consensus of the academic community and higher education management experts. Analyzing the recognized trends within the publication and concluding which measures should be taken to improve convergence pace and avoid potential pitfalls; this reference book is a useful resource for academics and students, as well as specialists, policy makers, and professionals connected with the educational sector.

Solvent Refined Coal-1 Demonstration Project

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 806 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Solvent Refined Coal-1 Demonstration Project by :

Download or read book Solvent Refined Coal-1 Demonstration Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Central and Southern Florida Project, Canal 111 (C-111) Project, South Dade County

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 900 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Central and Southern Florida Project, Canal 111 (C-111) Project, South Dade County by :

Download or read book Central and Southern Florida Project, Canal 111 (C-111) Project, South Dade County written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Medicare Balanced Budget Act Refinements

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Medicare Balanced Budget Act Refinements by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Health

Download or read book Medicare Balanced Budget Act Refinements written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Health and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Convergence of Contemporary Thought in Architecture, Urbanism, and Heritage Studies

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Publisher : Cinius Yayınları
ISBN 13 : 6256789199
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis Convergence of Contemporary Thought in Architecture, Urbanism, and Heritage Studies by : Editors: Hourakhsh Ahmad Nia and Rokhsaneh Rahbarianyazd

Download or read book Convergence of Contemporary Thought in Architecture, Urbanism, and Heritage Studies written by Editors: Hourakhsh Ahmad Nia and Rokhsaneh Rahbarianyazd and published by Cinius Yayınları. This book was released on 2023-09-28 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the field of architecture, urbanism, and heritage studies, the realm of contemporary ideas is in a constant state of evolution, reflecting the dynamic nature of our surrounding world. Amidst this intricate tapestry, this collection of book chapters, appropriately titled "Convergence of Contemporary Thought in Architecture, Urbanism, and Heritage Studies," emerges as a guiding light through a maze of concepts, challenges, and imaginative solutions. The chapters within this volume traverse the globe, exploring diverse cultural, geographical, and temporal settings. Each chapter offers distinctive perspectives on various facets of the constructed environment, ranging from the preservation of architectural heritage to the modeling of urban energy consumption, from the fusion of traditional and innovative approaches to the consequences of human habitation on natural ecosystems.

Commuter Rail Improvement Program (CRIP) Plan Refinement Study

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (433 download)

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Book Synopsis Commuter Rail Improvement Program (CRIP) Plan Refinement Study by : Massachusetts Planning Organization (Mass.). Central Transportation Planning Staff

Download or read book Commuter Rail Improvement Program (CRIP) Plan Refinement Study written by Massachusetts Planning Organization (Mass.). Central Transportation Planning Staff and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Refined

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Publisher : WestBow Press
ISBN 13 : 1490856722
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Refined by : Todd Stocker

Download or read book Refined written by Todd Stocker and published by WestBow Press. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life hurts when it is experienced through the flames of tragedy, but there is hope. There are answers. There is a purpose for it all. Todd had the perfect life: a thriving ministry, a happy and healthy family, and a bright future. All of it was interrupted when his oldest daughter, Makenzie, was killed in a traffic accident. Needing to heal, Todd took a leave of absence from ministry and went to work for a friend's company that refines gold and silver. As a refiner, Todd realized that the process of refining metal paralleled the grief and healing that he and his family were experiencing. In his book, Refined, Todd examines principles that help answer the questions that surface when pain and tragedy poke their noses into our lives. Whether you have experienced the tragic loss of a loved one or struggle with the daily frustrations of life, Refined will help you understand what God may be up to. Each chapter includes discussion topics.

North Carolina Water Plan

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis North Carolina Water Plan by : North Carolina. Division of Resource Planning and Evaluation

Download or read book North Carolina Water Plan written by North Carolina. Division of Resource Planning and Evaluation and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Program Development by Refinement

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447105850
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Program Development by Refinement by : Emil Sekerinski

Download or read book Program Development by Refinement written by Emil Sekerinski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Idea of Program Refinement Programs are complex. They are typically so complex, that they go beyond the full comprehension even of the programmer or team who designed them, with all the consequences this has. How can we cope with such complexity in a satisfactory way? An approach, advocated for a long time, is to separate a concise specification of a program - the "what" - from a possibly involved implementation - the "how". Once a specification is obtained from the set of requirements on the program, there can still be a large gap to an efficient implementation. The development from specification to implementation can then proceed by a succession oflayers, such that each layer is a refinement of the previous one. Design decisions can be introduced in refinement steps one at a time. By this, the refinement steps can be kept small and manageable. Still, the set of all requirements can be far too large to be taken completely into account in the initial specification. Even if they could, they might obscure issues more than clarify them. For example: • An information system for stored goods needs to produce an error message on il legal input. Yet, the exact wording - and even the language - of those messages is irrelevant for an understanding of the essence of the system. • A banking application interacts with customers with a graphical interface. Yet the specification of the graphical layout is secondary compared to the specification of the possible transactions.