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Physics And Chemistry Of Small Clusters
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Book Synopsis Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters by : P. Jena
Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters written by P. Jena and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in experimental techniques now enable researchers to produce in a laboratory clusters of atoms of desired composition from any of the elements of the periodic table. This has created a new area of research into novel materials since clusters cannot be regarded either as a "large" molecule or as a fragment of the bulk. Both experimental and theoretical studies are revealing unusual properties that are not ob served in solid state environments. The structures of micro-clusters are found to be significantly distorted from the most symmetric arrangement, some even exhibiting pentagonal symmetry commonly found in icosahedric structures. The unusual stability of certain clusters, now described as "magic number species", shows striking similarities with the nuclear shell structure. The relative stabilities of clusters depend not only on the composition of the clusters but also on their charged states. The studies on spontaneous fragmentation of mUltiply charged clusters, commonly referred to as Coulomb explosion, illustrate the role of electronic bonding mechanisms on stability of clusters. The effect of foreign atoms on geometry and stability of clusters and the interaction of gas atoms with clusters are showing promise for an indepth understanding of chemisorption and catalysis. The magnetic and optical properties are dependent not only on cluster size but also on its geometry. These findings have the potential for aiding industry in the area of micro-electronics and catalysis.
Book Synopsis Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters by : P Jena
Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters written by P Jena and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physics and Chemistry of Metal Cluster Compounds by : L.J. de Jongh
Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Metal Cluster Compounds written by L.J. de Jongh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Friday, February 20, 1980, I had the pleasure to be present at the inaugural lecture of my colleague Jan Reedijk, who had just been named at the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry of Leiden University. According to tradition, the ceremony took place in the impressive Hall of the old University Academy Building. In the course of his lecture, Jan mentioned a number of recent developments in chemistry which had struck him as particularly important or interesting. Among those was the synthesis of large metal cluster compounds, and, to my luck, he showed a slide ofthe molecular structure of [PtI9(C)b]4-. (To my luck, since at traditional Leiden University it is quite unusual to show slides at such ceremonies.) This constituted my first acquaintance with this exciting new class of materials. I became immediately fascinated by this molecule, partly because of the esthetic beauty of its fivefold symmetry, partly because as a physicist it struck me that it could be visualized as an "embryonically small" metal particle, embedded in a shell of CO ligands.
Author :Karl-Heinz Meiwes-Broer Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3642571697 Total Pages :315 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (425 download)
Book Synopsis Metal Clusters at Surfaces by : Karl-Heinz Meiwes-Broer
Download or read book Metal Clusters at Surfaces written by Karl-Heinz Meiwes-Broer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the interaction with the contact medium, the properties of clusters may change or even disappear. Thus the physics of cluster-on-surface systems -- the main subject of this book -- is of fundamental importance. The book addresses a wide audience, from the newcomer to the expert. Starting from fundamental concepts of adsorbate-surface interactions, the modification of electronic properties through electron confinement, and concepts of cluster production, it elucidates the distinct properties of the new metallic nanostructures.
Book Synopsis On Clusters and Clustering by : P.J. Reynolds
Download or read book On Clusters and Clustering written by P.J. Reynolds and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book attempts to answer why there is so much interest in clusters. Clusters occur on all length scales, and as a result occur in a variety of fields. Clusters are interesting scientifically, but they also have important consequences technologically. The division of the book into three parts roughly separates the field into small, intermediate, and large-scale clusters. Small clusters are the regime of atomic and molecular physics and chemistry. The intermediate regime is the transitional regime, with its characteristics including the onset of bulk-like behavior, growth and aggregation, and the beginning of materials properties. Large-scale clusters reflect more condensed-matter and materials science aspects and it is in this regime that fractals make their most dramatic appearance. This well-integrated and pedagogical overview of the wide field of clusters in which both theoretical and experimental work is covered, will be of interest not only to students, advanced undergraduates and graduate students, but also to researchers in the various subfields surveyed.
Book Synopsis Cluster Models for Surface and Bulk Phenomena by : Gianfranco Pacchioni
Download or read book Cluster Models for Surface and Bulk Phenomena written by Gianfranco Pacchioni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely recognized that an understanding of the physical and chemical properties of clusters will give a great deal of important information relevant to surface and bulk properties of condensed matter. This relevance of clusters for condensed matter is one of the major motivations for the study of atomic and molecular clusters. The changes of properties with cluster size, from small clusters containing only a few atoms to large clusters containing tens of thousands of atoms, provides a unique way to understand and to control the development of bulk properties as separated units are brought together to form an extended system. Another important use of clusters is as theoretical models of surfaces and bulk materials. The electronic wavefunctions for these cluster models have special advantages for understanding, in particular, the local properties of condensed matter. The cluster wavefunctions, obtained with molecular orbital theory, make it possible to relate chemical concepts developed to describe chemical bonds in molecules to the very closely related chemical bonding at the surface and in the bulk of condensed matter. The applications of clusters to phenomena in condensed matter is a cross-disciplinary activity which requires the interaction and collaboration of researchers in traditionally separate areas. For example, it is necessary to bring together workers whose background and expertise is molecular chemistry with those whose background is solid state physics. It is also necessary to bring together experimentalists and theoreticians.
Book Synopsis Theory of Atomic and Molecular Clusters by : Julius Jellinek
Download or read book Theory of Atomic and Molecular Clusters written by Julius Jellinek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence and spectacularly rapid evolution of the field of atomic and molecular clusters are among the most exciting developments in the recent history of natural sciences. The field of clusters expands into the traditional disciplines of physics, chemistry, materials science, and biology, yet in many respects it forms a cognition area of its own. This book presents a cross section of theoretical approaches and their applications in studies of different cluster systems. The contributions are written by experts in the respective areas. The systems discussed range from weakly (van der Waals) bonded, through hydrogen- and covalently bonded, to semiconductor and metallic clusters. The theoretical approaches involve high-level electronic structure computations, more approximate electronic structure treatments, use of semiempirical potentials, dynamical and statistical analyses, and illustrate the utility of both classical and quantum mechanical concepts.
Book Synopsis Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters by : Claude Chapon
Download or read book Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters written by Claude Chapon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lively demonstration of the great vitality and the multidisciplinary character of cluster research and of the usefulness of synthesizing its various aspects was given at this symposium. This volume covers all aspects of the physical and chemical properties of free and supported clusters or small particles: static, dynamical, electronic, magnetic and optical properties, adsorption and chemical phenomena. It thus gives a complete overview of the status of the field and its development.
Book Synopsis Atomic and Molecular Clusters by : Roy L. Johnston
Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Clusters written by Roy L. Johnston and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-04-25 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cluster physics is the foundation of the increasingly important field of nanotechnology. Clusters, ranging in size from a few to many millions of atoms, constitute a fascinating field of research in physics, chemistry and materials science. They are formed by most of the elements of the Periodic Table, and the types of bonding and the resultant clusters are equally as varied. This book introduces atomic clusters, ranging from weakly-bonded clusters of argon to strongly-bonded carbon clusters and metal nano-particles. It includes worked examples to enable lecturers and students to gauge their understanding and progress. Atomic and Molecular Clusters describes the experimental generation, detection and interrogation of clusters and theoretical approaches developed to aid understanding of their physical properties. It classifies clusters according to their bonding types and gives examples of present and possible future applications of clusters in electronic, optical and magnetic devices.
Book Synopsis Quantum Phenomena in Clusters and Nanostructures by : Shiv N. Khanna
Download or read book Quantum Phenomena in Clusters and Nanostructures written by Shiv N. Khanna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clusters represent a new class of materials with totally new applications. This broad-ranging book presents and evaluates some of the latest developments in this area. The authors present some of the important recent advances made through the use of new experimental techniques and theoretical approaches.
Book Synopsis Physics and Chemistry of Metal Cluster Compounds by : L. J. De Jongh
Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Metal Cluster Compounds written by L. J. De Jongh and published by . This book was released on 2014-09-01 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clusters of Atoms and Molecules by : Hellmut Haberland
Download or read book Clusters of Atoms and Molecules written by Hellmut Haberland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clusters of Atoms and Molecules I is devoted to theoretical concepts and experimental techniques important in the rapidly expanding field of cluster science. Cluster properties are dicussed for clusters composed of alkali metals, semiconductors, transition metals, carbon, oxides and halides of alkali metals, rare gases, and neutral molecules. The book contains several well-integrated treatments, all prepared by experts. Each contribution starts out as simple as possible and ends with the latest results, so that the book can serve as a text for a course, an introduction into the field, or as a reference book for the expert.
Book Synopsis Physics of Clusters by : Viktor D. Lakhno
Download or read book Physics of Clusters written by Viktor D. Lakhno and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The monograph is devoted to the relatively new and fast developing field of cluster physics. It is based on talks given at the Cluster Workshops, which were held in Pushchino in 1995 and 1996. The reports focus not only on the fundamental physical properties of clusters such as their geometric and electronic structure, as well as optical, thermal and magnetic properties, but also on a broad spectrum of their potential applications. These include nucleation and growth of small particles, fabrication of new materials with predefined properties (cluster-assembled and nanostructures). Some aspects of simulations and calculations of small particles and clusters are also discussed.We hope that our monograph will be of interest to a broad range of readers who will be able to sense the excitement of the talks.
Book Synopsis Clusters and Small Particles by : Boris M. Smirnov
Download or read book Clusters and Small Particles written by Boris M. Smirnov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not merely a discussion of small particles or clusters of atoms, molecules, but also the systems they constitute. The goal is to analyse the properties of such finite aggregates and their behaviour in gases and plasmas, and to investigate processes that involve such clusters, based on lectures and seminar problems for graduates. The main part of the book includes more than 200 problems, covering collisions, charge transfer, chemical reactions, condensed systems and their structures, kinetics of cluster growth, excited clusters, the transition from clusters to bulk particles, and small particles, dust, and aerosols in plasmas. Reference data for corresponding parameters of systems under consideration is given in the appendices. Of interest to physicists, astrophysicists, and chemists.
Download or read book Atomic Clusters written by and published by Elsevier Science. This book was released on 2007-06-07 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic Clusters: From Gas Phase to Deposited brings together a series of chapters, prepared by acknowledged experts in their fields. Both fundamental and practical aspects are addressed of the physics and chemistry of a novel state of matter, namely clusters of small numbers of atoms of nanometre dimensions. This is a field of nanoscience that existed before the word was invented, but has particularly achieved major advances in the recent years. * Contributions from leading experts in solid surfaces research * Cluster science is concerned with the properties of materials on the nano-metre scale * Brings together work on both free (gas-phase) clusters and those deposited on surfaces
Book Synopsis Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters by : Hans Henrik Andersen
Download or read book Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters written by Hans Henrik Andersen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-08 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the state of the art in the physics of small particles and clusters. It covers a wide range of topics from quantization of free clusters, laser spectroscopy of clusters, fullerenes, clusters on supporting surfaces and much more. The papers can also be found in Zeitschrift fur Physik D."
Book Synopsis Contribution of Clusters Physics to Materials Science and Technology by : Joel Davenas
Download or read book Contribution of Clusters Physics to Materials Science and Technology written by Joel Davenas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade there has been an increasing interest in clusters and small particles because of the peculiar proper ties induced by their large area to volume ratio. For that reason small particles are often considered as an intermediate state of matter at the border between atomic (or molecular) chemistry, and physics of the condensed matter. The importance of the surface effect can explain the anomalous properties, for example the exis tence of the five fold symmetry observed in different circumstan ces '(beams of rare gas clusters, gold particles deposited on a substrate). However the question of the critical size at which the transition to bulk properties occurs cannot be simply answered, since the reply depends on the peculiar property which is studied. The importance of the size effect was emphasized in the last International Meetings. However the situation remains confused in most cases since the exact role of the cluster environment cannot be clearly elucidated and is a main difficulty, except in cluster beam experiments. In fact ideally free clusters constitute a labo ratory exception. In most applications small particles must be supported on a surface or embedded in a matrix, in order to be stabilized, which obviously shows the role of the environment.
