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Phylogenetic Relationships Of Dart Poison Frogs Via Evidence From Cytochrome B 16s Rrna And 12s Rrna Gene Regions Of Mitrochondrial Dna
Download Phylogenetic Relationships Of Dart Poison Frogs Via Evidence From Cytochrome B 16s Rrna And 12s Rrna Gene Regions Of Mitrochondrial Dna full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Phylogenetic Relationships Of Dart Poison Frogs Via Evidence From Cytochrome B 16s Rrna And 12s Rrna Gene Regions Of Mitrochondrial Dna ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships of Dart-poison Frogs Via Evidence from Cytochrome B, 16S RRNA, and 12S RRNA Gene Regions of Mitrochondrial DNA by : Mark E. Clough
Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships of Dart-poison Frogs Via Evidence from Cytochrome B, 16S RRNA, and 12S RRNA Gene Regions of Mitrochondrial DNA written by Mark E. Clough and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia:Athesphatanura:Dendrobatidae) by : Taran Grant
Download or read book Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia:Athesphatanura:Dendrobatidae) written by Taran Grant and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The known diversity of dart-poison frog species has grown from 70 in the 1960s to 247 at present, with no sign that the discovery of new species will wane in the foreseeable future. Although this growth in knowledge of the diversity of this group has been accompanied by detailed investigations of many aspects of the biology of dendrobatids, their phylogenetic relationships remain poorly understood. This study was designed to test hypotheses of dendrobatid diversification by combining new and prior genotypic and phenotypic evidence in a total evidence analysis. DNA sequences were sampled for five mitochondrial and six nuclear loci (approximately 6,100 base pairs [bp]; x̄[arithmetic mean] = 53,740 bp per terminal; total dataset composed of approximately 1.55 million bp), and 174 phenotypic characters were scored from adult and larval morphology, alkaloid profiles, and behavior. These data were combined with relevant published DNA sequences. Ingroup sampling targeted several previously unsampled species, including Aromobates nocturnus, which was hypothesized previously to be the sister of all other dendrobatids. Undescribed and problematic species were sampled from multiple localities when possible. The final dataset consisted of 414 terminals: 367 ingroup terminals of 156 species and 47 outgroup terminals of 46 species. Direct optimization parsimony analysis of the equally weighted evidence resulted in 25,872 optimal trees. Forty nodes collapse in the strict consensus, with all conflict restricted to conspecific terminals. Dendrobatids were recovered as monophyletic, and their sister group consisted of Crossodactylus, Hylodes, and Megaelosia, recognized herein as Hylodidae. Among outgroup taxa, Centrolenidae was found to be the sister group of all athesphatanurans except Hylidae, Leptodactyidae was polyphyletic, Thoropa was nested within Cycloramphidae, and Ceratophryinae was paraphyletic with respect to Telmatobiinae. Among dendrobatids, the monophyly and content of Mannophryne and Phyllobates were corroborated. Aromobates nocturnus and Colostethus saltuensis were found to be nested within Nephelobates, and Minyobates was paraphyletic and nested within Dendrobates. Colostethus was shown to be rampantly nonmonophyletic, with most species falling into two unrelated cis- and trans-Andean clades. A morphologically and behaviorally diverse clade of median lingual process-possessing species was discovered. In light of these findings and the growth in knowledge of the diversity of this large clade over the past 40 years, we propose a new, monophyletic taxonomy for dendrobatids, recognizing the inclusive clade as a superfamily (Dendrobatoidea) composed of two families (one of which is new), six subfamilies (three new), and 16 genera (four new). Although poisonous frogs did not form a monophyletic group, the three poisonous lineages are all confined to the revised family Dendrobatidae, in keeping with the traditional application of this name. We also propose changes to achieve a monophyletic higher-level taxonomy for the athesphatanuran outgroup taxa. Analysis of character evolution revealed multiple origins of phytotelm-breeding, parental provisioning of nutritive oocytes for larval consumption (larval oophagy), and endotrophy. Available evidence indicates that transport of tadpoles on the dorsum of parent nurse frogs--a dendrobatid synapomorphy--is carried out primitively by male nurse frogs, with three independent origins of female transport and five independent origins of biparental transport. Reproductive amplexus is optimally explained as having been lost in the most recent common ancestor of Dendrobatoidea, with cephalic amplexus arising independently three times.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Establishing Phylogenetic Relationships of Chiroptera and Other Eutherian Mammals Using the D-loop, 12S RRNA, and Phenylalanine TRNA Gene Regions of the Mitochondrial DNA by : Darlene Balzarano
Download or read book Establishing Phylogenetic Relationships of Chiroptera and Other Eutherian Mammals Using the D-loop, 12S RRNA, and Phenylalanine TRNA Gene Regions of the Mitochondrial DNA written by Darlene Balzarano and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determining the Phylogenetic Relationship of a Collection of Hydra Strains and Species Using the Mitochondrial Genes by : Jacob Zuckman
Download or read book Determining the Phylogenetic Relationship of a Collection of Hydra Strains and Species Using the Mitochondrial Genes written by Jacob Zuckman and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Alien Reptiles and Amphibians by : Fred Kraus
Download or read book Alien Reptiles and Amphibians written by Fred Kraus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transportation of species to areas outside their native ranges has been a feature of human culture for millennia. During this time such activities have largely been viewed as beneficial or inconsequential. However, it has become increasingly clear that human-caused introductions of alien biota are an ecological disruption whose consequences rival those of better-known insults like chemical pollution, habitat loss, and climate change. Indeed, the irreversible nature of most alien-species int- ductions makes them less prone to correction than many other ecological problems. Current reshuffling of species ranges is so great that the present era has been referred to by some as the “Homogocene” in an effort to reflect the unique mag- tude of the changes being made. These alien interlopers often cause considerable ecological and economic d- age where introduced. Species extinctions, food-web disruptions, community alte- tions, ecosystem conversion, changes in nutrient cycling, fisheries collapse, watershed degradation, agricultural loss, building damage, and disease epidemics are among the destructive – and frequently unpredictable – ecological and economic effects that invasive alien species can inflict. The magnitude of these damages c- tinues to grow, with virtually all environments heavily used by humans now do- nated by alien species and many “natural” areas becoming increasingly prone to alien invasion as well. Attention to this problem has increased in the past decade or so, and efforts to prevent or limit further harm are gaining wider scientific and political acceptance.
Book Synopsis Molecular Evolutionary Genetics by : Ross J. MacIntyre
Download or read book Molecular Evolutionary Genetics written by Ross J. MacIntyre and published by Springer. This book was released on 1985-12-31 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in the Monographs in Evolutionary Biology series addresses issues that are part of an emerging area of research loosely called "mo lecular evolution. " Its practitioners include both molecular biologists cu rious about the evolutionary implications of their data and evolutionary biologists pushing their analyses to the molecular level. The union of these fields of molecular and organismal biology has been turbulent at times, and, as shall be seen, this dialectic has led to some very serious challenges to long-held notions about the role of natural selection in evolution and the economy of genome organization in eukaryotes. As an inevitable outgrowth of molecular biology, molecular evolution is necessarily a young discipline, but it can already point proudly to two major discoveries. The first, is the molecular clock, a concept that has emerged from the analysis of at least four data sets-amino acid sequences, immunologic data, DNA renaturation studies, and, recently, analyses of DNA sequences. The reality of a strong stochastic component in the evolution of nucleotide sequences can no longer be doubted, although the accuracy of the clock with regard to particular sequences and within particular groups of or ganisms should be independently measured each time it is used. Never theless, molecular clocks will assume increasingly important roles in phy logenetic reconstructions, especially since the fossil record is so fragmentary. The second major discovery of molecular evolution has been the incredible complexity of the eukaryotic genome.
Book Synopsis New World Tarantulas by : Fernando Pérez-Miles
Download or read book New World Tarantulas written by Fernando Pérez-Miles and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Theraphosidae are the most famous and diverse mygalomorph spiders, and include some of the largest arachnids on earth. Their unique defense mechanisms, predatory tactics, reproductive strategies and ecological adaptations are displayed by a wide range of terrestrial, burrowing and arboreal species. These arachnids are familiar to the general public thanks to horror movies and a growing interest in tarantulas as pets; however, scientific information on the group is scattered throughout the literature and not easily available. This book reviews all major aspects of New World Theraphosid tarantulas and provides in-depth information on their evolution, taxonomy, behavior, physiology, ecology, reproduction, conservation and biogeography. As a comprehensive guide to the biology of tarantulas, it will appeal to researchers, students and terrarium hobbyists alike.
Book Synopsis Nymphophiline Phylogenetic Relationships Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequences by : Kayla L. Clift
Download or read book Nymphophiline Phylogenetic Relationships Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequences written by Kayla L. Clift and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Threatened Amphibians of the World by : S. N. Stuart
Download or read book Threatened Amphibians of the World written by S. N. Stuart and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Amphibians are facing an extinction crisis, but getting to the facts has been difficult. "Threatened Amphibians of the World" is a visual journey through the first-ever comprehensive assessment of the conservation status of the world's 6,000 known species of frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians. All 1,900 species known to be threatened with extinction are covered, including a description of threats to each species and an evaluation of conservation measures in place or needed. Each entry includes a photograph or illustration of the species where available, a distribution map, and detailed information on range, population and habitat and ecology. Introductory chapters present a detailed analysis of the results, complemented by a series of short essays written by many of the world's leading herpetologists. Appendices include annoted lists of lower risk species and a country-by-country listing of threatened amphibians."--pub. desc.
Book Synopsis Biology of Termites: a Modern Synthesis by : David Edward Bignell
Download or read book Biology of Termites: a Modern Synthesis written by David Edward Bignell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-20 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology of Termites, a Modern Synthesis brings together the major advances in termite biology, phylogenetics, social evolution and biogeography. In this new volume, David Bignell, Yves Roisin and Nathan Lo have brought together leading experts on termite taxonomy, behaviour, genetics, caste differentiation, physiology, microbiology, mound architecture, biogeography and control. Very strong evolutionary and developmental themes run through the individual chapters, fed by new data streams from molecular sequencing, and for the first time it is possible to compare the social organisation of termites with that of the social Hymenoptera, focusing on caste determination, population genetics, cooperative behaviour, nest hygiene and symbioses with microorganisms. New chapters have been added on termite pheromones, termites as pests of agriculture and on destructive invasive species.
Book Synopsis Molecular Techniques in Taxonomy by : Godfrey M. Hewitt
Download or read book Molecular Techniques in Taxonomy written by Godfrey M. Hewitt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taxonomy is fundamental to understanding the variety of life forms, and exciting expansions in molecular biology are re- volutionising the obtained data. This volume reviews the ma- jor molecular biological techniques that are applied in ta- xonomy. The chapters are arranged in three main sections:1) Overviews of important topics in molecular taxonomy; 2) Case studies of the successful application of molecular methods to taxonomic and evolutionary questions; 3) Protocols for a range of generally applicable methods. The described techni- ques include DNA-DNA hybridization, DNA fingerprinting, RFLP analysis, and PCR sequencing.
Book Synopsis Molecular Ecology by : Joanna R. Freeland
Download or read book Molecular Ecology written by Joanna R. Freeland and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Ecology provides a comprehensive introduction to the many diverse aspects of this subject. The book unites theory with examples from a wide range of taxa in a logical and progressive manner, and its accessible writing style makes subjects such as population genetics and phylogenetics highly comprehensible to its readers. The first part of the book introduces the essential underpinnings of molecular ecology, starting with a review of genetics and a discussion of the molecular markers that are most frequently used in ecological research. This leads into an overview of population genetics in ecology. The second half of the book then moves on to specific applications of molecular ecology, covering phylogeography, behavioural ecology and conservation genetics. The final chapter looks at molecular ecology in a wider context by using a number of case studies that are relevant to various economic and social concerns, including wildlife forensics, agriculture, and overfishing * comprehensive overview of the different aspects of molecular ecology * attention to both theoretical and applied concerns * accessible writing style and logical structure * numerous up-to-date examples and references This will be an invaluable reference for those studying molecular ecology, population genetics, evolutionary biology, conservation genetics and behavioural ecology, as well as researchers working in these fields.
Book Synopsis Aposematic Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae) of the Andean Countries by :
Download or read book Aposematic Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae) of the Andean Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :William Edward Duellman Publisher :University of Kansas, Natural History Museum ISBN 13 : Total Pages :388 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Amphibian Species of the World by : William Edward Duellman
Download or read book Amphibian Species of the World written by William Edward Duellman and published by University of Kansas, Natural History Museum. This book was released on 1993 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book DNA Barcodes written by Ida Lopez and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2012-06-12 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A DNA barcode in its simplest definition is one or more short gene sequences taken from a standardized portion of the genome that is used to identify species through reference to DNA sequence libraries or databases. In DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used with DNA barcodes. These methods include the latest information on techniques for generating, applying, and analyzing DNA barcodes across the Tree of Life including animals, fungi, protists, algae, and plants. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, the chapters include the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results in the laboratory. Thorough and intuitive, DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols aids scientists in continuing to study methods from wet-lab protocols, statistical, and ecological analyses along with guides to future, large-scale collections campaigns.
Book Synopsis Evolution in the Genus Bufo by : W. Frank Blair
Download or read book Evolution in the Genus Bufo written by W. Frank Blair and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
